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Slavery in New France was practiced by some of the indigenous populations, which enslaved outsiders as captives in warfare, but it was European colonization that made commercial chattel slavery become common in New France. By 1750, two thirds of the enslaved peoples in New France were indigenous, and by 1834, most enslaved people were black. The institution, which endured for almost two centuries, affected thousands of men, women, and children descended from indigenous and African peoples. It also impacted many indigenous people, who were used as domestic servants and traded as goods.

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  • Esclavage en Nouvelle-France (fr)
  • Slavery in New France (en)
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  • Slavery in New France was practiced by some of the indigenous populations, which enslaved outsiders as captives in warfare, but it was European colonization that made commercial chattel slavery become common in New France. By 1750, two thirds of the enslaved peoples in New France were indigenous, and by 1834, most enslaved people were black. The institution, which endured for almost two centuries, affected thousands of men, women, and children descended from indigenous and African peoples. It also impacted many indigenous people, who were used as domestic servants and traded as goods. (en)
  • L'esclavage en Nouvelle-France est une réalité aussi bien de la société coloniale que de certaines sociétés autochtones. Près de 4 200 Amérindiens et Africains furent des esclaves entre 1671 et 1834. En 1846, François-Xavier Garneau a écrit que la décision de « l'exclusion des esclaves du Canada » par le gouvernement français « lui fait le plus grand honneur ». De fait, l'esclavage resta peu fréquent au Canada sous le régime français, contrairement à la Louisiane, aux colonies anglaises ou aux Antilles. La Louisiane comptait 5 000 esclaves en 1746. Près de 51 000 esclaves amérindiens seraient passés par les Carolines au début du XVIIIe siècle. En 1710, la colonie du Maryland recensait 8 000 esclaves. En 1749, New York en recensait 10 500. Quant aux Antilles, elles auraient réuni 250 000 es (fr)
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