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In a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government, a reserve power, also known as discretionary power, is a power that may be exercised by the head of state without the approval of another branch or part of the government. Unlike in a presidential system of government, the head of state is generally constrained by the cabinet or the legislature in a parliamentary system, and most reserve powers are usable only in certain exceptional circumstances.

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  • Poder moderador (es)
  • Pouvoir modérateur (fr)
  • 국가원수의 재량권 (ko)
  • Reserve power (en)
  • Poder Moderador (pt)
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  • In a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government, a reserve power, also known as discretionary power, is a power that may be exercised by the head of state without the approval of another branch or part of the government. Unlike in a presidential system of government, the head of state is generally constrained by the cabinet or the legislature in a parliamentary system, and most reserve powers are usable only in certain exceptional circumstances. (en)
  • 국가원수의 재량권(Reserve power)은 국가원수(head of state)가 의회 등 다른 국가기관의 간섭없이 혼자서 결정할 수 있는 권한을 말한다. (ko)
  • El Poder Moderador fue uno de los cuatro en el Imperio del Brasil, establecido por la Constitución brasileña de 1824 y por la Carta Constitucional Portuguesa de 1826 (ambas emanadas del emperador Pedro I). La construcción idealizada por el francés Benjamin Constant predica la existencia de cuatro poderes; junto con el Ejecutivo, Legislativo, y Judicial, coexiste el Poder Moderador, que se encargará del equilibrio de los otros. Por la forma en que fue diseñado, se sitúa jerárquicamente por encima de los demás poderes del Estado. * Datos: Q389256 (es)
  • Le pouvoir modérateur est un des pouvoirs de l'État. Il a été défini par Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, dans le cadre de la monarchie, comme le pouvoir permettant de maintenir l'équilibre entre les trois ordres définis dans la société d'Ancien Régime qui, sans ce pouvoir, légifèreraient sans cesse l'un contre l'autre. Il incombe aussi à ce pouvoir de réunir les forces de ces pouvoirs pour dépasser leurs oppositions. Pour Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, « C'est le pouvoir modérateur qui constitue le monarque ». (fr)
  • Poder Moderador é um poder de Estado. Ele se sobrepõe aos poderes, necessariamente (legislativo, judiciário e executivo), cabendo ao seu detentor equilibrar os demais. Foi idealizado pelo francês Benjamin Constant, que pregava a existência de cinco poderes: o poder real, poder executivo, poder representativo da continuidade, poder representativo da opinião e poder judiciário. Da forma como foi concebido, situa-se hierarquicamente acima dos demais poderes do Estado. (pt)
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