| rdfs:comment
| - 版下（はんした）とは、印刷工程において刷版の直接の原稿となるもので、文字や画像などが構成（レイアウト）案に基づき台紙（版下台紙）に配置されて校正を行う。校了後の版下を基に製版が行われる。工程がコンピュータ処理されている場合、コンピュータのモニター上の画像のままで校正を行って版下実物の作成は省略されるか、電子印刷機で出力されたものが用いられる。 (ja)
- Paste up is a method of creating or laying out publication pages that predates the use of the now-standard computerized page design desktop publishing programs. Completed, or camera-ready, pages are known as mechanicals or mechanical art. In the offset lithography process, the mechanicals would be photographed with a stat camera to create a same-size film negative for each printing plate required. Once a page was complete, the board would be attached to an easel and photographed in order to create a negative, which was then used to make a printing plate. (en)
- In tipografia, per menabò si intende un modello utilizzato per l'impaginazione di stampati di diverse pagine (libri, giornali o riviste), che possono contenere testo, illustrazioni e/o fotografie in una precisa disposizione. La compilazione del menabò è il procedimento che precede l'imposizione tipografica. Il nome deriva dal dialetto milanese (menabò = "guida i buoi"). Nei libri Nei periodici (it)
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| has abstract
| - Paste up is a method of creating or laying out publication pages that predates the use of the now-standard computerized page design desktop publishing programs. Completed, or camera-ready, pages are known as mechanicals or mechanical art. In the offset lithography process, the mechanicals would be photographed with a stat camera to create a same-size film negative for each printing plate required. Paste up relied on phototypesetting, a process that would generate "cold type" on photographic paper that usually took the form of long columns of text. These printouts were often a single column in a scroll of narrow (3-inch or 4-inch) paper that was as deep as the length of the story. A professional known variously as a paste-up artist, layout artist, mechanical artist, production artist, or compositor would cut the type into sections and arrange it carefully across multiple columns. For example, a 15 inch strip could be cut into three 5-inch sections. Headlines and other typographic elements were often created and supplied separately by the typesetter, leaving it to the paste up artist to determine their final position on the page. Adhesive was then applied to the back side of these strips, either by applying rubber cement with a brush or passing them through a machine that would apply a wax adhesive. The adhesives were intentionally made semi-permanent, allowing the strips to be removed and moved around the layout if it needed to be changed. The strips would be adhered to a board, usually a stiff white paper on which the artist would draw the publication's margins and columns, either lightly in pencil or in non-photographic blue ink, a light cyan color that would be ignored by the orthochromatic film used to make printing plates in offset lithography. For magazines, newspapers, and other recurring projects, often the boards would be pre-printed in this color. Other camera-ready materials like photostats and line art would also be prepared with adhesive and attached to the boards. Continuous-tone photographs would need halftoning, which would require black paper or red film (which photo-imaged the same as black) to be trimmed and placed on the board in place of the image; in the process of creating the negative film for the printing plates, the solid black area would create a clear spot on the negative, called a window. The photographs would be converted to halftone film separately and then positioned in this window to complete the page (although this process was typically performed by a different worker, known as a negative "stripper"). Once a page was complete, the board would be attached to an easel and photographed in order to create a negative, which was then used to make a printing plate. Paste up was preceded by hot type and cold type technologies. Starting in the 1990s, many newspapers started doing away with paste up, switching to desktop publishing software that allows pages to be designed completely on a computer. Such software includes QuarkXPress, PageMaker and InDesign. (en)
- In tipografia, per menabò si intende un modello utilizzato per l'impaginazione di stampati di diverse pagine (libri, giornali o riviste), che possono contenere testo, illustrazioni e/o fotografie in una precisa disposizione. La compilazione del menabò è il procedimento che precede l'imposizione tipografica. Il nome deriva dal dialetto milanese (menabò = "guida i buoi"). Nei libri Si tratta in sostanza della stesura ultima della sequenza delle pagine che compongono una pubblicazione, che si ottiene raccogliendo e ordinando le bozze di stampa (in cui il testo sarà impaginato all'interno di una gabbia determinata in fase di composizione), secondo le dimensioni della pagina che si vuole ottenere e stabilendo la numerazione definitiva, in modo tale da rispettare il numero di sedicesimi (o di ottavi / quartini / etc., a seconda del tipo di stampato) che si era previsto. La copertina di una pubblicazione viene considerata una cosa a parte, pertanto è sempre esclusa dal menabò, che inizia dalla prima pagina effettiva. Vengono invece conteggiate le pagine bianche che, anche se non stampate, rientrano nella numerazione dei sedicesimi. Nei periodici Il menabò è il modello allestito in redazione incollando su fogli di carta le bozze di testo combinate con le illustrazioni, per verificare la "resa", ovvero l'impatto della pagina sul lettore. È ancor più soggetto a correzioni e modifiche prima della consegna in tipografia. (it)
- 版下（はんした）とは、印刷工程において刷版の直接の原稿となるもので、文字や画像などが構成（レイアウト）案に基づき台紙（版下台紙）に配置されて校正を行う。校了後の版下を基に製版が行われる。工程がコンピュータ処理されている場合、コンピュータのモニター上の画像のままで校正を行って版下実物の作成は省略されるか、電子印刷機で出力されたものが用いられる。 (ja)
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