Neican (Chinese: 内参, abbreviated from nèibù cānkǎo zīliào (内部参考资料), lit. "internal reference reports" or "internal reference materials") are internal reports of limited circulation prepared for the high-ranking Chinese government and Communist Party officials. The popularity of neican has been on the rise in recent years, with some estimates suggesting a several-fold increase in the last decade from 2000. Some lower-level neican have become profit centers for their publishers (such as ministries), which try to increase their subscription base.
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| - 内部参考，简称内参，指中华人民共和国新华社在党政系统内部不公开发行的文件，是中华人民共和国党政高层重要的政治信息文件之一。 在新华社内参中，最高级别的是《国内动态清样附页》，专门提供给中央政治局常委或委员以及有關官員参阅，一般反映极为重大和紧急的事态。其次是《国内动态清样》和国际《参考清样》，供省部级以上领导和副手、部屬等参阅，主要反映重要动态、敏感问题和重要建议。此外还有面向地市级和司局级的是《内部参考》，反映问题的敏感度比“动态清样”要弱许多。而最低一级的是《内参选编》，主要从《内部参考》和“动态清样”中选出部分不太敏感的内容，每周一期，发至县团级等基层干部內部阅读和討論，不過政治尺度仍較公開內容更為鬆綁。 内参的内容包括与政治有关的核心敏感内容，如领导群體有关政治風波事件的态度和决策方向等。与中国大陆公开发行的报刊中对领导人讲话的报道相比，内参的主旨很明确直接，無所不談。 自习近平上台以来，内参的报道尺度也逐渐变小。 (zh)
- Neican (Chinese: 内参, abbreviated from nèibù cānkǎo zīliào (内部参考资料), lit. "internal reference reports" or "internal reference materials") are internal reports of limited circulation prepared for the high-ranking Chinese government and Communist Party officials. The popularity of neican has been on the rise in recent years, with some estimates suggesting a several-fold increase in the last decade from 2000. Some lower-level neican have become profit centers for their publishers (such as ministries), which try to increase their subscription base. (en)
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| - Neican (Chinese: 内参, abbreviated from nèibù cānkǎo zīliào (内部参考资料), lit. "internal reference reports" or "internal reference materials") are internal reports of limited circulation prepared for the high-ranking Chinese government and Communist Party officials. According to Chinese news media regulations, any matter that media outlets believe would harm the image of the Chinese Communist Party or its government, threaten social stability and unity, or other matters not suitable for open publication, such as corruption, social unrest, and large-scale business swindles, should be reported internally rather than publicly. The neican also serve to keep the Party leaders informed about the issues that are seen as too sensitive be reported and discussed in the mainstream media. Thus they are supposed to offer more realistic and less censored version of events. They are often similar in form to investigative reporting, and are prepared by the journalists working for the official Party organs such as Xinhua News Service or People’s Daily. As such, much of the information collected by the Chinese mainstream media is published in neican, not in the public outlets. The popularity of neican has been on the rise in recent years, with some estimates suggesting a several-fold increase in the last decade from 2000. Some lower-level neican have become profit centers for their publishers (such as ministries), which try to increase their subscription base. Sometimes, the term neican is used to refer to restricted literature (books available only to individuals with certain clearances). Awards can also be given out for those who write good reports in neican. (en)
- 内部参考，简称内参，指中华人民共和国新华社在党政系统内部不公开发行的文件，是中华人民共和国党政高层重要的政治信息文件之一。 在新华社内参中，最高级别的是《国内动态清样附页》，专门提供给中央政治局常委或委员以及有關官員参阅，一般反映极为重大和紧急的事态。其次是《国内动态清样》和国际《参考清样》，供省部级以上领导和副手、部屬等参阅，主要反映重要动态、敏感问题和重要建议。此外还有面向地市级和司局级的是《内部参考》，反映问题的敏感度比“动态清样”要弱许多。而最低一级的是《内参选编》，主要从《内部参考》和“动态清样”中选出部分不太敏感的内容，每周一期，发至县团级等基层干部內部阅读和討論，不過政治尺度仍較公開內容更為鬆綁。 内参的内容包括与政治有关的核心敏感内容，如领导群體有关政治風波事件的态度和决策方向等。与中国大陆公开发行的报刊中对领导人讲话的报道相比，内参的主旨很明确直接，無所不談。 自习近平上台以来，内参的报道尺度也逐渐变小。 (zh)
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