In the United States, home rule refers to the authority of a constituent part of a U.S. state to exercise powers of governance delegated to it by its state government. In some states, known as home rule states, the state's constitution grants municipalities and/or counties the ability to pass laws to govern themselves as they see fit (so long as they obey the state and federal constitutions). In other states, only limited authority has been granted to local governments by passage of statutes in the state legislature. In these states, a city or county must obtain permission from the state legislature if it wishes to pass a law or ordinance which is not specifically permitted under existing state legislation.
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| - Home rule in the United States (en)
- Home rule aux États-Unis (fr)
- 美国的地方自治 (zh)
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| - 美国的地方自治（英語：Home Rule in the United States）指的是美国各州的组成部分行使州政府所授予治理权的权力。在一些被称为“地方自治州（Home Rule State）”的州，州宪法赋予都市政府和或郡县政府以它们认为合适的方法来通过法律自治，只要符合联邦或州宪法。而在其他州，州立法机关通过法令授予地方政府有限的权力。而在这些州，如果都市政府或郡县政府想通过现有州立法未明确允许的法律或条例，必须获得州立法机关的许可。 美国50个州中有40个州采用了某种形式的“”的原则，即地方政府只能行使州政府明确授予他们的权力，以确定市政府法律权力的范围。 全国城市联盟确定了31个狄龙规则州，10个地方自治州，8个州只对某些都市适用狄龙规则，还有一个州(佛罗里达州)对除税收以外的所有事情都适用地方自治。 每个州都自己定义它将授予地方政府什么权力；而在地方政府层面，国家允许自由裁量权的有：
* 结构：选择政府形式及章程；颁布章程修订等权力。
* 功能：以宽泛或有限的方式行使地方自治。
* 财务：确定收入来源、设定税率、借入资金和其他相关金融活动的权力。
* 人事：制定雇佣规则、薪酬水平、雇佣条件和进行集体谈判的权力。 (zh)
- In the United States, home rule refers to the authority of a constituent part of a U.S. state to exercise powers of governance delegated to it by its state government. In some states, known as home rule states, the state's constitution grants municipalities and/or counties the ability to pass laws to govern themselves as they see fit (so long as they obey the state and federal constitutions). In other states, only limited authority has been granted to local governments by passage of statutes in the state legislature. In these states, a city or county must obtain permission from the state legislature if it wishes to pass a law or ordinance which is not specifically permitted under existing state legislation. (en)
- Aux États-Unis, on entend par Home Rule le pouvoir d'une partie constitutive d'un État américain d'exercer par délégation les pouvoirs de gouvernance qui lui sont conférés par le gouvernement de son État. Dans certains États, la constitution de l’État confère aux municipalités et/ou aux comtés la possibilité d’adopter des lois pour se gouverner comme elles ou ils le souhaitent, dans la mesure où ils respectent la constitution fédérale et celle de l’État ; on parle alors d'États de Home Rule. Dans d’autres États, les autorités locales ne disposent que d'un pouvoir limité, acquis lors du vote de leurs statuts par le parlement de l’État. Dans ces États, une ville ou un comté doit obtenir l'autorisation du parlement de l'État s'il souhaite adopter une loi ou une ordonnance qui n'est pas expres (fr)
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| - In the United States, home rule refers to the authority of a constituent part of a U.S. state to exercise powers of governance delegated to it by its state government. In some states, known as home rule states, the state's constitution grants municipalities and/or counties the ability to pass laws to govern themselves as they see fit (so long as they obey the state and federal constitutions). In other states, only limited authority has been granted to local governments by passage of statutes in the state legislature. In these states, a city or county must obtain permission from the state legislature if it wishes to pass a law or ordinance which is not specifically permitted under existing state legislation. Forty of the fifty states apply some form of the principle known as Dillon's Rule, which says that local governments may only exercise powers that the state expressly grants to them, to determine the bounds of a municipal government's legal authority. The National League of Cities identifies 31 Dillon's Rule states, 10 home rule states, 8 states that apply Dillon's Rule only to certain municipalities, and one state (Florida) that applies home rule to everything except taxation. Each state defines for itself what powers it will grant to local governments. Within the local sphere, there are four categories in which the state allows discretionary authority:
* Structural – power to choose the form of government, charter and enact charter revisions,
* Functional – power to exercise local self government in a broad or limited manner,
* Fiscal – authority to determine revenue sources, set tax rates, borrow funds and other related financial activities,
* Personnel – authority to set employment rules, remuneration rates, employment conditions and collective bargaining. (en)
- Aux États-Unis, on entend par Home Rule le pouvoir d'une partie constitutive d'un État américain d'exercer par délégation les pouvoirs de gouvernance qui lui sont conférés par le gouvernement de son État. Dans certains États, la constitution de l’État confère aux municipalités et/ou aux comtés la possibilité d’adopter des lois pour se gouverner comme elles ou ils le souhaitent, dans la mesure où ils respectent la constitution fédérale et celle de l’État ; on parle alors d'États de Home Rule. Dans d’autres États, les autorités locales ne disposent que d'un pouvoir limité, acquis lors du vote de leurs statuts par le parlement de l’État. Dans ces États, une ville ou un comté doit obtenir l'autorisation du parlement de l'État s'il souhaite adopter une loi ou une ordonnance qui n'est pas expressément autorisée par la législation en vigueur. (fr)
- 美国的地方自治（英語：Home Rule in the United States）指的是美国各州的组成部分行使州政府所授予治理权的权力。在一些被称为“地方自治州（Home Rule State）”的州，州宪法赋予都市政府和或郡县政府以它们认为合适的方法来通过法律自治，只要符合联邦或州宪法。而在其他州，州立法机关通过法令授予地方政府有限的权力。而在这些州，如果都市政府或郡县政府想通过现有州立法未明确允许的法律或条例，必须获得州立法机关的许可。 美国50个州中有40个州采用了某种形式的“”的原则，即地方政府只能行使州政府明确授予他们的权力，以确定市政府法律权力的范围。 全国城市联盟确定了31个狄龙规则州，10个地方自治州，8个州只对某些都市适用狄龙规则，还有一个州(佛罗里达州)对除税收以外的所有事情都适用地方自治。 每个州都自己定义它将授予地方政府什么权力；而在地方政府层面，国家允许自由裁量权的有：
* 结构：选择政府形式及章程；颁布章程修订等权力。
* 功能：以宽泛或有限的方式行使地方自治。
* 财务：确定收入来源、设定税率、借入资金和其他相关金融活动的权力。
* 人事：制定雇佣规则、薪酬水平、雇佣条件和进行集体谈判的权力。 (zh)
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