About: Chinese characters of Empress Wu

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The Chinese characters of Empress Wu, or the Zetian characters (Chinese: 則天文字; pinyin: Zétiān wénzì), are Chinese characters introduced by Empress Wu Zetian, the only empress regnant in the history of China, in order to demonstrate her power. The characters were not created by the Empress herself, but were suggested by an official named Zong Qinke, the son of one of her cousins, in December, 689 AD. The number of characters varies between 12, 17, 19, or 30. Her subjects were forced to use them during her reign, but they fell into disuse immediately after her death, so they help to determine dates of printed materials.

Attributes	Values
rdf:type	fictional character
rdfs:label	Chinese characters of Empress Wu (en) Aksara Mandarin Maharani Wu (in) 측천문자 (ko) 則天文字 (ja) Иероглифы императрицы У (ru) 则天文字 (zh)
rdfs:comment	측천문자(則天文字)는 당나라의 측천무후가 제정한 문자이다. 문자라는 이름이 붙어 있으나, 기존의 한자와 완전히 다른 문자가 아닌 한자의 제자원리에 따라 만들어진 특수한 한자라 할 수 있다. 한자의 제자원리인 육서 가운데 주로 상형과 회의를 주원리로 하여 만들었다. 또한 없는 개념을 나타내는 새로운 글자를 만든 것이 아니라, 이미 기존에 있는 한자와 뜻이 겹치는 문자이나 황제의 권위를 높이기 위하여 만들어진 점이 특징이다. 측천무후는 도량형과 문자를 통일한 시황제를 전례로 삼아 측천문자를 제작했다. 현재 문헌에 남아 전하는 문자는 17자가량이며, 國과 의미가 같은 圀이라는 문자가 일본에서 인명 한자로 쓰인다. 한국식 자전에도 이 문자는 國의 고자로 소개되어 있다. (ko) 則天文字（そくてんもじ）は、中国・武周の女帝武則天が制定した漢字。則天新字、武后新字とも言われる。六書の文字分類では象形文字あるいは会意文字である。※Unicodeでの番号は参考資料、注釈を参照のこと（以下このページにおいて同じ）｡武則天が権力を誇示するため、あるいは個人的な好みや考えのため制定されたとされる。武則天が失脚するとほどなく忘れ去られた。日本で最も有名なのは「圀」の字で、徳川光圀の名前に使用されている。この字は「國」の「或」の部分が「惑」に通じるので不吉だとの理由で「囗」（くにがまえ）に「八方」という字が入れられた。また、「『地』は『土』の上に『山水』がある」という理由から、代わりに「土」の上に「山水」を乗せる字「埊」が考案、使用された。「臣」は「忠」を第一にせねばならないという考えから「忠」の上に「一」を乗せた字「𢘑」が「臣」の代わりに使用された。武則天自身の名前「照」は「曌」となった。「空」の上に「日」「月」であり、この字は武則天のためだけの文字である。 (ja) 则天文字或则天新字，也称武后新字，是中国历史上武周的皇帝武则天所创造的新汉字的总称，在今天看来属于异体字范畴。按照汉字的六种构造条例——六书来划分，这些字都属于象形和会意字。 (zh) The Chinese characters of Empress Wu, or the Zetian characters (Chinese: 則天文字; pinyin: Zétiān wénzì), are Chinese characters introduced by Empress Wu Zetian, the only empress regnant in the history of China, in order to demonstrate her power. The characters were not created by the Empress herself, but were suggested by an official named Zong Qinke, the son of one of her cousins, in December, 689 AD. The number of characters varies between 12, 17, 19, or 30. Her subjects were forced to use them during her reign, but they fell into disuse immediately after her death, so they help to determine dates of printed materials. (en) Aksara Mandarin Maharani Wu, atau Aksara Zetian (Hanzi: 則天文字; Pinyin: Zétiān wénzì), adalah aksara Mandarin yang diperkenalkan oleh maharani Wu Zetian, satu-satunya kaisar wanita dalam sejarah Tiongkok, untuk menunjukkan kekuatannya. Aksara-aksara itu bukan diciptakan oleh Wu Zetian sendiri, tetapi disarankan oleh seorang pejabat bernama yang merupakan putra dari salah satu sepupunya pada bulan Desember, 689 Masehi. Jumlah aksaranya bervariasi antara 12, 17, 19, atau 30. Rakyat dipaksa untuk menggunakannya pada masa pemerintahannya, tetapi aksara-aksara itu tidak digunakan lagi setelah kematiannya, namun mereka dapat membantu untuk menentukan kapan tanggal barang-barang yang tercetak dengan aksara itu. (in) Иероглифы императрицы У, цзэтяньские иероглифы (кит. трад. 則天文字, упр. 则天文字, пиньинь zétiān wénzì, палл. цзэтянь вэньцзы) — китайские иероглифы, введённые в обиход единственной китайской правившей императрицей У Цзэтянь для утверждения своей власти. Сами знаки были созданы придворным чиновником по имени в декабре 689 года. Количество иероглифов в разных источниках варьируется от 12 до 30. Иероглифы насильно внедрялись в период правления У, сразу после её смерти они вышли из употребления (таким образом, по их использованию можно датировать документы). (ru)
foaf:depiction
dcterms:subject	History of the Chinese script Wu Zetian Tang dynasty culture
Wikipage page ID	331473 (xsd:integer)
Wikipage revision ID	1114585141 (xsd:integer)
Link from a Wikipage to another Wikipage	Unicode Kyūjitai Three-legged crow Naming taboo History of the Chinese script Wu Zetian Chinese mythology Shinjitai Claudian letters Tokugawa Mitsukuni List of Chinese monarchs Daimyō Kangxi Dictionary Empress regnant History of China A Book from the Sky Chinese character Kanji Kun-yomi Old Book of Tang Tang dynasty culture Wu Zetian Zong Qinke Chinese numeral Sun deity
Link from a Wikipage to an external page	https://web.archive.org/web/20180723032328/http:/www.dylwhs.talktalk.net/zi/zetian.htm
sameAs	Chinese characters of Empress Wu Chinese characters of Empress Wu Chinese characters of Empress Wu Chinese characters of Empress Wu Chinese characters of Empress Wu Chinese characters of Empress Wu Chinese characters of Empress Wu Chinese characters of Empress Wu Chinese characters of Empress Wu Chinese characters of Empress Wu

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