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The 31 March Incident (Turkish: 31 Mart Vakası, 31 Mart Olayı, 31 Mart Hadisesi, or 31 Mart İsyanı) was a political crisis within the Ottoman Empire in April 1909, during the Second Constitutional Era. Occurring soon after the 1908 Young Turk Revolution, in which the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) had successfully restored the Constitution and ended the absolute rule of Sultan Abdul Hamid II, it is sometimes referred to as an attempted countercoup or counterrevolution. It consisted of a general uprising against the CUP within Istanbul, largely led by reactionary groups, particularly Islamists opposed to the secularising influence of the CUP and supporters of absolutism, although liberal opponents of the CUP within the Ottoman Liberty Party also played a lesser role. The crisis ended

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  • واقعة 31 مارس (ar)
  • Vorfall vom 31. März (de)
  • 31 March Incident (en)
  • Incidente del 31 de marzo (es)
  • Insiden 31 Maret (in)
  • Incident du 31 mars (fr)
  • Incidente del 31 marzo (it)
  • Incidente de 31 de março (pt)
  • Инцидент 31 марта (ru)
  • 三三一事件 (zh)
rdfs:comment
  • Der Vorfall vom 31. März 1909 (osmanisch اوتوز بیر مارت وقعه سی Otuz-bir Mart Vaḳʿası) war eine Rebellion im Osmanischen Reich, bei der Anhänger des Sultans Abdülhamid II. gegen die Jungtürken revoltierten. Er ereignete sich am 13. April 1909, dem im Rumi-Kalender der 31. März entsprach. Das Ziel der Rebellion bestand darin, die zweite osmanische Verfassungsperiode, die 1908 mit der Machtübernahme der Jungtürken eingeleitet worden war, zu beenden. (de)
  • Incidente del 31 de marzo es la denominación del alzamiento militar que tuvo lugar el 31 de marzojul./ 13 de abril de 1909greg. en Constantinopla.​ El levantamiento fue aplastado por parte del ejército, que marchó desde Salónica a la capital otomana.​ El fracaso de la revuelta precipitó la abdicación forzosa del sultán Abdul Hamid II.​ (es)
  • Insiden 31 Maret (bahasa Turki: 31 Mart Vakası, 31 Mart Olayı, 31 Mart Hadisesi, atau 31 Mart İsyanı) adalah sebuah krisis politik dalam Kekaisaran Utsmaniyah pada 1909, pada . Terjadi tak lama usai Revolusi Turki Muda tahun 1908, dimana Komite Persatuan dan Kemajuan berhasil merrestorasi konstitusi 1876 dan mengakhiri pemerintahan absolut Sultan Abdul Hamid II, kejadian tersebut terkadang disebut sebagai kudeta balasan atau revolusi balasan. (in)
  • Инцидент 31 марта (тур. 31 Mart Vakası) — события в Османской империи, начавшиеся в результате отмены султаном Абдул-Хамидом II в 1909 году конституции страны. (ru)
  • 三三一事件(土耳其语:31 Mart Vakası, 31 Mart Olayı, 31 Mart Hadisesi, 或 31 Mart İsyanı),是奧斯曼帝國1909年4月24日平息反政變的事件。事件导致苏丹阿卜杜勒·哈米德二世被廢,由他的兄弟穆罕默德五世出任蘇丹,並重新行憲。 1909年4月12日晚至13日,奥斯曼帝国发生反青年土耳其黨人的反政變,由忠於蘇丹阿卜杜勒·哈米德二世的第一軍團下級軍人發起,他們與幾間伊斯蘭學校的神學家结盟,要求組成新內閣,開除聯合進步委員會出身的政治家,並實施伊斯蘭教法。叛亂於1909年4月24日被平定,由于24日在當時奧斯曼帝國曆法為3月31日,因而这一平定反政变的事件史称为三三一事件。 为纪念三三一事件期间牺牲的74位士兵,立宪政府于1911年在伊斯坦布尔西什利区建成。 (zh)
  • واقعة 31 مارس (بالتركية: 31 Mart Vakası أو 31 Mart Olayı أو 31 Mart Hadisesi أو 31 Mart İsyanı)‏ وتسمى أحيانًا بالثورة المضادة 1909، وهي أزمة سياسية حدثت داخل الدولة العثمانية خلال العصر الدستوري الثاني بعد فترة وجيزة من نجاح ثورة تركيا الفتاة 1908 وتمكن جمعية الاتحاد والترقي في استعادة دستور 1876 وإنهاء الحكم المطلق للسلطان عبد الحميد الثاني. والحادثة هي رد فعل سلبي من قبل مؤيدي الحكم المطلق والديني من الجماعات المعارضة للتأثير العلماني لجمعية الاتحاد والترقي. وهي محاولة لإلغاء العصر الدستوري الثاني للسلطنة واستبدالها بحكم السلطان والخليفة عبد الحميد الثاني. (ar)
  • The 31 March Incident (Turkish: 31 Mart Vakası, 31 Mart Olayı, 31 Mart Hadisesi, or 31 Mart İsyanı) was a political crisis within the Ottoman Empire in April 1909, during the Second Constitutional Era. Occurring soon after the 1908 Young Turk Revolution, in which the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) had successfully restored the Constitution and ended the absolute rule of Sultan Abdul Hamid II, it is sometimes referred to as an attempted countercoup or counterrevolution. It consisted of a general uprising against the CUP within Istanbul, largely led by reactionary groups, particularly Islamists opposed to the secularising influence of the CUP and supporters of absolutism, although liberal opponents of the CUP within the Ottoman Liberty Party also played a lesser role. The crisis ended (en)
  • L'Incident du 31 mars (en turc : 31 Mart Vakası ou 31 Mart İsyanı) futune rébellion des conservateurs réactionnaires de Constantinople contre la restauration de laConstitution de l'Empire ottoman de 1876 mise en place par le biais de la Révolution des Jeunes-Turcs. Il se déroula le 13 avril 1909 (le 31 mars pour le Calendrier rumi en vigueur dans l'Empire), et futle point culminant du contrecoup ottoman de 1909.Ce dernier avait pour objectif de mettre fin à la et àla toute nouvelle influence du Comité Union et Progrès au pouvoir, afin de réaffirmer le statut duSultan Abdülhamid II comme monarque absolu. (fr)
  • L'incidente del 31 marzo (in turco 31 Mart Vakası, 31 Mart Olayı , 31 Mart Hadisesi, o 31 Mart İsyanı) fu una crisi politica all'interno dell'Impero ottomano nel 1909, durante la Seconda era costituzionale. Avvenuto subito dopo la Rivoluzione dei Giovani Turchi del 1908, in cui il Comitato dell'Unione e del Progresso (CUP) aveva restaurato con successo la costituzione del 1876 e posto fine al governo assoluto del sultano Abdul Hamid II, l'evento fu in parte una risposta reazionaria degli islamisti sostenitori dell'assolutismo e contrari all'influenza della secolarizzazione del CUP. (it)
  • O Incidente de 31 de Março (em turco: 31 Mart Vakası ou 31 Mart Olayı ou 31 Mart Hadisesi ou 31 Mart İsyanı) foi uma rebelião dos conservadores reacionários ocorrida em 1909 em Constantinopla contra a restauração do sistema constitucional que havia ocorrido em 1908, através da Revolução dos Jovens Turcos. Decorreu em 13 de abril de 1909 (31 de março no em uso no momento no Império Otomano para cronometragem oficial), e foi o ponto culminante do contragolpe otomano de 1909. O contragolpe tentou pôr fim à nascente no Império Otomano e à recém-criada influência do Comitê para a União e o Progresso, a fim de reafirmar a posição do sultão otomano (na época Abdulamide II) como monarca absoluto. (pt)
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  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1909_05_01_Resimli_Kitab_31_Mart_Idamlai.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Action_Army_marching_on_Makri_Keuy.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Delegation_to_Abdul_Hamid_II.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Esad_hayreddin.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hasan_fehmi_bey.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Jungtürkische_Parlamentsmitglieder_in_Saloniki,_1909.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Tashkishla_1909.jpg
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Greek_lithograph_celebrating_the_Ottoman_Constitution.png
  • http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Young_Turks_1909_1.jpg
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