Peter Paul Alexander von Baranoff (Russian: Пётр Петро́вич Бара́нов, tr. Pyotr Petrovich Baranov; 9 May [O.S. 27 April] 1843 – 22 December 1924) was a Baltic German military officer and statesman. During the First World War, Baranoff was known for his investigations, most notably his investigation of fellow general Paul von Rennenkampf's actions during the Battle of Łódź.