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Hemileia vastatrix Hemileia vastatrix Kaffeerost Ferrugem-do-café 咖啡駝孢銹菌 Kaffebladsrost Кофейная ржавчина Hemileia vastatrix Hemileia vastatrix Hemileia vastatrix
rdfs:comment
Hemileia vastatrix est une espèce de champignons basidiomycètes de l'ordre des Pucciniales, originaire d'Afrique orientale. C'est un champignon phytopathogène, responsable de la rouille orangée du caféier, maladie fongique qui a colonisé toutes les régions caféières du monde, à l'exception des îles Hawaï. 咖啡駝孢銹菌(Hemileia vastatrix)能夠造成咖啡銹病,目前在全世界的咖啡種植地區都能被發現,嚴重時會造成咖啡樹大量的落葉,甚至死亡,對咖啡產業具有巨大的殺傷力。該病原菌是一種絕對寄生菌,咖啡屬是唯一的寄主植物。種植對具有較強遺傳抗性的雜交種咖啡及噴灑農藥可以減少咖啡駝孢銹菌的危害,但目前尚無根治咖啡銹病的方法。 Hemileia vastatrix is a multicellular basidiomycete fungus of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) that causes coffee leaf rust (CLR), a disease affecting the coffee plant. Coffee serves as the obligate host of coffee rust, that is, the rust must have access to and come into physical contact with coffee (Coffea sp.) in order to survive. Kaffebladsrost (Hemileia vastatrix) är en svampart som beskrevs av Berk. & Broome 1869. Hemileia vastatrix ingår i släktet Hemileia, ordningen Pucciniales, klassen Pucciniomycetes, divisionen basidiesvampar och riket svampar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life. Kaffebladsrost angriper kaffeplantans blad och orsakar en växtsjukdom som kan ge svåra skador på kaffeskördarna. Svampen ledde till att kaffeodlarna på Ceylon tvingades överge kaffeodlingen och kaffebladsrosten har numera spridit sig till Centralamerika. Der Kaffeerost (Hemileia vastatrix) ist ein Rostpilz, der Kaffee-Pflanzen befällt und die gleichnamige Erkrankung auslöst. Dabei handelt es sich um die wirtschaftlich bedeutendste Krankheit dieser Kultur. Іржастий гриб кавового дерева, кавова іржа, ройя (Hemileia vastatrix) — вид грибів роду (Hemileia). Сучасну біномінальну назву надано у 1869 році. A ferrugem do café, ou ferrugem das folhas do café, é uma doença devastadora que ataca os cafeeiros, levando frequentemente à perda de colheitas e de plantações inteiras. É causada pela Hemileia vastatrix, um fungo da divisão dos Basidiomycotas. Historicamente foi encontrado em áreas da África, Índia, Ásia e Austrália. A enfermidade foi descoberta em 1970 quando se difundiu no Brasil, marcando a primeira propagação conhecida no hemisfério ocidental. Кофейная ржавчина, которая также известна в некоторых странах как «ройя» — это грибковое заболевание кофейного дерева, вызываемое паразитирующим ржавчинным грибом Hemileia vastatrix. Болезнь покрывает лист кофейного дерева оранжевыми пятнами, которые препятствуют фотосинтезу растения. Постепенно листья опадают и в конечном итоге кофейное дерево полностью погибает. Кофейной ржавчине подвержены все виды кофейного дерева. В англоязычной литературе заболевание известно под названием CLR — это аббревиатура от англ. coffee leaf rust, что буквально переводится как «кофейная листовая ржавчина», или «ржавчина кофейного листа». Hemileia vastatrix es un hongo del orden Pucciniales (también conocidos como Uredinales) que causa la roya en las hojas de café (CLR, por sus siglas en inglés), una enfermedad que en épocas de altas epidemias, devasta las plantaciones de café . El cafeto sirve como el huésped obligado de la roya donde el hongo debe tener un contacto físico con la planta de café (Coffea sp.) para poder sobrevivir. Hemileia vastatrix adalah cendawan anggota ordo (dulu juga dikenal sebagai Uredinales) yang menyebabkan penyakit karat daun kopi. Penyakit ini sejak pertengahan abad ke-19 sampai sekarang masih menjadi salah satu penyakit tumbuhan yang paling merugikan pertanaman kopi arabika. Kopi arabika merupakan inang wajib (obligat) bagi H. vastatrix, artinya agar dapat menyintas (survive), cendawan ini harus memiliki kontak dengan tanaman kopi arabika. Cendawan ini berasal dari tempat asal kopi arabika, yaitu Afrika Timur.
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Symptoms of coffee rust caused by Hemileia vastatrix on foliage
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咖啡駝孢銹菌(Hemileia vastatrix)能夠造成咖啡銹病,目前在全世界的咖啡種植地區都能被發現,嚴重時會造成咖啡樹大量的落葉,甚至死亡,對咖啡產業具有巨大的殺傷力。該病原菌是一種絕對寄生菌,咖啡屬是唯一的寄主植物。種植對具有較強遺傳抗性的雜交種咖啡及噴灑農藥可以減少咖啡駝孢銹菌的危害,但目前尚無根治咖啡銹病的方法。 A ferrugem do café, ou ferrugem das folhas do café, é uma doença devastadora que ataca os cafeeiros, levando frequentemente à perda de colheitas e de plantações inteiras. É causada pela Hemileia vastatrix, um fungo da divisão dos Basidiomycotas. Historicamente foi encontrado em áreas da África, Índia, Ásia e Austrália. A enfermidade foi descoberta em 1970 quando se difundiu no Brasil, marcando a primeira propagação conhecida no hemisfério ocidental. A doença foi relatada pela primeira vez no Quénia em 1861. Em torno de 1869 já tinha se espalhado pelo Sri Lanka, e nos anos 20 alastrou-se através de uma grande parte da África e Ásia. Nas últimas décadas do século XIX a ferrugem do café já havia produzidos danos sérios às plantações de café do Sri Lanka, Java e Malásia. Esta devastação levou ao aumento de cultivos alternativos, como o chá preto de Ceilão no Sri Lanka e borracha nos três lugares citados. Hemileia vastatrix is a multicellular basidiomycete fungus of the order Pucciniales (previously also known as Uredinales) that causes coffee leaf rust (CLR), a disease affecting the coffee plant. Coffee serves as the obligate host of coffee rust, that is, the rust must have access to and come into physical contact with coffee (Coffea sp.) in order to survive. CLR is one of the most economically important diseases of coffee, worldwide. Previous epidemics have destroyed coffee production of entire countries. In more recent history, an epidemic in Central America in 2012 reduced the region's coffee output by 16%. The primary pathological mechanism of the fungus is a reduction in the plant's ability to derive energy through photosynthesis by covering the leafs with fungus spores and/or causing leaves to drop from the plant. The reduction in photosynthetic ability (plant's metabolism) results in a reduction in quantity and quality of flower and fruit production, which ultimately reduces the beverage quality. Кофейная ржавчина, которая также известна в некоторых странах как «ройя» — это грибковое заболевание кофейного дерева, вызываемое паразитирующим ржавчинным грибом Hemileia vastatrix. Болезнь покрывает лист кофейного дерева оранжевыми пятнами, которые препятствуют фотосинтезу растения. Постепенно листья опадают и в конечном итоге кофейное дерево полностью погибает. Кофейной ржавчине подвержены все виды кофейного дерева. В англоязычной литературе заболевание известно под названием CLR — это аббревиатура от англ. coffee leaf rust, что буквально переводится как «кофейная листовая ржавчина», или «ржавчина кофейного листа». Іржастий гриб кавового дерева, кавова іржа, ройя (Hemileia vastatrix) — вид грибів роду (Hemileia). Сучасну біномінальну назву надано у 1869 році. Hemileia vastatrix est une espèce de champignons basidiomycètes de l'ordre des Pucciniales, originaire d'Afrique orientale. C'est un champignon phytopathogène, responsable de la rouille orangée du caféier, maladie fongique qui a colonisé toutes les régions caféières du monde, à l'exception des îles Hawaï. Hemileia vastatrix adalah cendawan anggota ordo (dulu juga dikenal sebagai Uredinales) yang menyebabkan penyakit karat daun kopi. Penyakit ini sejak pertengahan abad ke-19 sampai sekarang masih menjadi salah satu penyakit tumbuhan yang paling merugikan pertanaman kopi arabika. Kopi arabika merupakan inang wajib (obligat) bagi H. vastatrix, artinya agar dapat menyintas (survive), cendawan ini harus memiliki kontak dengan tanaman kopi arabika. Cendawan ini berasal dari tempat asal kopi arabika, yaitu Afrika Timur. Telah diketahui bahwa H. vastatrix juga diparasit oleh cendawan lain, Verticillium haemiliae dan Verticillium psalliotae. Der Kaffeerost (Hemileia vastatrix) ist ein Rostpilz, der Kaffee-Pflanzen befällt und die gleichnamige Erkrankung auslöst. Dabei handelt es sich um die wirtschaftlich bedeutendste Krankheit dieser Kultur. Hemileia vastatrix es un hongo del orden Pucciniales (también conocidos como Uredinales) que causa la roya en las hojas de café (CLR, por sus siglas en inglés), una enfermedad que en épocas de altas epidemias, devasta las plantaciones de café . El cafeto sirve como el huésped obligado de la roya donde el hongo debe tener un contacto físico con la planta de café (Coffea sp.) para poder sobrevivir. Kaffebladsrost (Hemileia vastatrix) är en svampart som beskrevs av Berk. & Broome 1869. Hemileia vastatrix ingår i släktet Hemileia, ordningen Pucciniales, klassen Pucciniomycetes, divisionen basidiesvampar och riket svampar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life. Kaffebladsrost angriper kaffeplantans blad och orsakar en växtsjukdom som kan ge svåra skador på kaffeskördarna. Svampen ledde till att kaffeodlarna på Ceylon tvingades överge kaffeodlingen och kaffebladsrosten har numera spridit sig till Centralamerika.
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