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- Yingluo (simplified Chinese: 璎珞; traditional Chinese: 瓔珞; also written as 缨络; 纓絡; from the word keyūra in Sanskrit which was transliterated into jiyouluo (积由罗) in China) is a ring-shaped neck ornament or fashion jewellery of Buddhist origins in ancient China with its earliest prototypes having roots in ancient India. In China, the yingluo was first used as a Buddhist ornament in Buddhist decorative arts, including sculptures and paintings such as the Dunhuang frescoes. The yingluo depicted as decorative Buddhist art elements and was later imitated and turned into an actual elegant necklace by the Tang dynasty. It was then widely adopted as a classical necklace in Chinese society for centuries and as a head-wear. It was also used the hanfu of Chinese women where it was used as a neck ornament or jewellery, and was especially favoured by the Chinese court ladies in ancient times. The yingluo could also be used as a textile pattern which would applied on Chinese clothing. The yingluo gradually lost popularity as it lost its appeal due to the changes in people's sense of aesthetic and aesthetic needs in modern times. However, it currently continues to be worn as a common modern-day hanfu accessory by Hanfu enthusiasts since the Hanfu movement and can appear in various styles and materials. (en)
- 瓔珞（ようらく）とは、菩薩や密教の仏の装身具、または仏堂・仏壇の荘厳具のひとつ。サンスクリットのムクターハーラ(muktāhāra)、ハーラ(hāra)、ケーユーラ(keyūra)などの訳語。 古くはインドの貴族の装身具として用いられていたものが、仏教に取り入れられたもので、菩薩以下の仏像に首飾り、胸飾りとしてもちいられている。菩薩像に用いられる瓔珞は通常の装身具としての瓔珞が多いが、一部の像には髑髏や蛇などが用いられることがある。また、瓔珞は寺院や仏壇など天蓋などの荘厳具として用いられることがある。 (ja)
- 璎珞出自梵语Keyūra（枳由罗）、muktā-hāra、ratnāvali、rūcaka、hārā，编玉而悬于身者。印度习俗，贵族男女皆饰之。 (zh)
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- Donor portrait, Mo-Kao-Khu Cave 17.jpg (en)
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- Portrait of a donor wearing yingluo, Mogao grotto no. 17, 983 AD (en)
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- 瓔珞（ようらく）とは、菩薩や密教の仏の装身具、または仏堂・仏壇の荘厳具のひとつ。サンスクリットのムクターハーラ(muktāhāra)、ハーラ(hāra)、ケーユーラ(keyūra)などの訳語。 古くはインドの貴族の装身具として用いられていたものが、仏教に取り入れられたもので、菩薩以下の仏像に首飾り、胸飾りとしてもちいられている。菩薩像に用いられる瓔珞は通常の装身具としての瓔珞が多いが、一部の像には髑髏や蛇などが用いられることがある。また、瓔珞は寺院や仏壇など天蓋などの荘厳具として用いられることがある。 (ja)
- 璎珞出自梵语Keyūra（枳由罗）、muktā-hāra、ratnāvali、rūcaka、hārā，编玉而悬于身者。印度习俗，贵族男女皆饰之。 (zh)
- Yingluo (simplified Chinese: 璎珞; traditional Chinese: 瓔珞; also written as 缨络; 纓絡; from the word keyūra in Sanskrit which was transliterated into jiyouluo (积由罗) in China) is a ring-shaped neck ornament or fashion jewellery of Buddhist origins in ancient China with its earliest prototypes having roots in ancient India. In China, the yingluo was first used as a Buddhist ornament in Buddhist decorative arts, including sculptures and paintings such as the Dunhuang frescoes. The yingluo depicted as decorative Buddhist art elements and was later imitated and turned into an actual elegant necklace by the Tang dynasty. It was then widely adopted as a classical necklace in Chinese society for centuries and as a head-wear. It was also used the hanfu of Chinese women where it was used as a neck ornam (en)
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- 瓔珞 (ja)
- Yingluo (ornament) (en)
- 璎珞 (zh)
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