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- عملية السموم (بالبولندية: Operacja Samum) هي عملية استخبارات بولندية سرية للغاية أجريت في العراق عام 1990. في عام 1990 طلبت وكالة المخابرات المركزية من وكالات الاستخبارات الأوروبية المساعدة في سحب ستة عملاء أمريكيين (خليط بين ضباط وكالة المخابرات المركزية ووكالة استخبارات الدفاع) كانوا يحققون في تحركات القوات العراقية في العراق قبل حرب الخليج. رفضت عدة دول، مثل الاتحاد السوفيتي وبريطانيا العظمى وفرنسا، المساعدة في مثل هذه العملية الخطيرة. فقط بولندا وافقت على المساعدة. كان العملاء الستة مختبئين في الكويت وبغداد لعدة أسابيع قبل أن يتم تهريبهم. وكمكافأة على مساعدة بولندا، وعدت حكومة الولايات المتحدة حث الحكومات الأخرى على إلغاء نصف أو 16.5 مليار دولار من ديون بولندا الخارجية. (ar)
- Operation Simoom (polnisch: Operacja Samum) war eine Operation des polnischen Geheimdienstes im Irak im Jahre 1990. Der Begriff Simoom für den Namen der Operation ist der englische Name eines Wüstensturms. Im Jahre 1990 fragte die CIA bei verbündeten Geheimdiensten in Europa nach, ob sie ihr bei der Herausschleusung von sechs im Irak sich versteckenden Agenten der CIA und DIA helfen würden, die vor dem Irak-Krieg die Bewegungen der irakischen Truppen ausspionieren sollten und nach dem Einmarsch der irakischen Truppen in Kuwait abgeschnitten waren. Großbritannien, Frankreich und Russland sagten ihre Unterstützung ab, nur Polen war zur Hilfe bereit. Im Irak gab es Niederlassungen zahlreicher polnischer Bauunternehmen. Der polnische Geheimdienst schickte seine Agenten getarnt als Angestellte eines der Unternehmen in den Irak. Nachdem der Kontakt zu den amerikanischen Agenten hergestellt war, wurden sie mit polnischen Reisepässen ausgestattet und begleitet von ihren polnischen Kollegen von Bagdad aus in die Türkei ausgeschleust. Die polnischen Agenten retteten nicht nur ihre amerikanischen Kollegen, sondern brachten auch wichtige Fotos und Karten, auf denen irakische Stellungen verzeichnet waren, in Sicherheit. Als Dank sagte die US-Regierung die Tilgung der Hälfte polnischer Auslandsschulden zu. (de)
- Opération Simoun (en polonais Operacja Samum) est une opération secrète réalisée par les services de renseignement polonais en Irak en 1990. Son but est d'évacuer six agents américains. (fr)
- Operation Simoom (Polish: Operacja Samum) was a top secret Polish intelligence operation conducted in Iraq in 1990. In 1990 the CIA asked European intelligence agencies to assist in the withdrawal of six American operatives (a mix of CIA and DIA officers) investigating Iraqi troops movements in Iraq before the Gulf War. Several countries, such as the Soviet Union, Great Britain, and France refused to help in such a dangerous operation; only Poland agreed to help. Poland had connections in Iraq due to Polish engineering firms' construction work throughout the country and sent a few operatives to start working on the operation. became the commander of this operation, assigned to it by Polish Minister of Internal Affairs and first chief of Urząd Ochrony Państwa, Krzysztof Kozłowski. Czempiński had previously been a spy in the United States and either took part or led many operations against the Western intelligence services. The main plan was to reestablish contact with the hiding American spies and give them Polish passports so they could escape from Iraq in a bus, alongside Polish and Russian workers. The six agents were hiding in Kuwait and Baghdad for several weeks before the escape was carried out. The operation was very difficult because the Iraqis started to suspect some kind of American-Polish intrigue. The agents were given refuge at a Polish construction camp, and then provided with passports and put on a refugee bus. An Iraqi officer at checkpoint on the border had studied in Poland and spoke Polish well enough to communicate. When the bus arrived at the border, he asked one of the American spies a question in Polish. Since the spy did not know Polish at all, he pretended to be heavily drunk (another version states that the operative in question fainted). Nevertheless, the bus managed to cross the border with all occupants. Poles moved the agents out of Iraq and into the safety of Turkey. Operatives from both sides returned to their countries. Polish forces rescued not only the agents but also secret maps—detailed maps of various military installations and of crucial points in the capital of Baghdad itself—apparently crucial for Operation Desert Storm. As a reward for Poland's help, the US government promised to urge other governments to cancel half, or $16.5 billion, of Poland's foreign debt. In at least two other operations, the Poles later aided another 15 foreigners to escape, mostly Britons, held hostage by the Iraqis as part of Saddam Hussein's "human shield" campaign to deter an allied invasion. Information about this operation was first revealed in 1995 by The Washington Post. In 1999, Polish director Władysław Pasikowski made a movie, Operacja Samum about this operation; it was the first Polish production co-financed by Warner Bros. and third by HBO. (en)
- L'operazione Simoom è un'operazione condotta dai Servizi Segreti polacchi in Iraq nel 1990. Nei primi mesi del 1990 la CIA chiese ai servizi segreti degli alleati europei di contribuire al recupero di 6 spie americane (alcune della CIA, altre della DIA) che spiavano i movimenti delle truppe irachene prima della Guerra del Golfo. Dato l'alto rischio dell'operazione, paesi come l'Unione Sovietica, la Francia e il Regno Unito rifiutarono di aiutare gli Stati Uniti. Solo la Polonia accettò nonostante il pericolo: se gli agenti fossero stati scoperti, era altamente probabile che tutte le spie sarebbero state giustiziate. La Polonia aveva contatti in tutto l'Iraq perché molte compagnie polacche avevano lavorato o lavoravano nel paese. Sfruttando questo vantaggio il governo inviò alcuni agenti per occuparsi del recupero. Il comando dell'operazione venne dato a che aveva agito come spia per conto della Repubblica Popolare di Polonia negli Stati Uniti durante la guerra fredda. Il piano escogitato da Czempiński prevedeva di prendere contatto con le spie nascoste e consegnare loro dei passaporti polacchi per farli tornare in patria spacciandoli per lavoratori di ritorno a casa. L'operazione ebbe inizio dopo che le 6 spie americane riuscirono a sopravvivere per settimane a Baghdad e in Kuwait. Durante questo periodo però gli iracheni cominciarono a sospettare qualche sorta di legame tra gli Stati Uniti e la Polonia. Le spie statunitensi vennero raggruppate in un campo di lavoro e vennero consegnati loro i falsi passaporti. Furono portati via dal campo con un autobus. Si narra che al momento di valicare la frontiera il gruppo abbia incontrato un ufficiale iracheno che aveva studiato in Polonia e parlava il polacco molto bene. La guardia rivolse domande in polacco alle spie americane, rischiando di far fallire l'intera operazione. Una delle versioni afferma che l'americano fece finta di essere pesantemente ubriaco, mentre un'altra versione sostiene che la spia in questione svenne. Nonostante l'imprevisto l'autobus riuscì a passare il confine indenne e le spie poterono trovare salvezza in Turchia da dove raggiunsero i rispettivi paesi. Oltre alle spie vennero portate in Turchia diverse mappe delle infrastrutture irachene indispensabili per l'operazione Desert Storm. Come ricompensa per il salvataggio degli agenti, gli Stati Uniti cancellarono metà del debito estero polacco che ammonta a 16,5 miliardi di dollari. In almeno altre due operazioni, i polacchi aiutarono 15 agenti stranieri, in maggioranza britannici, a fuggire dall'Iraq dove erano tenuti ostaggi per scoraggiare un'invasione della Coalizione. (it)
- Operacja Samum (ang. Operation Simoom) – ściśle tajna ewakuacja funkcjonariuszy instytucji wywiadowczych USA, przeprowadzona w 1990 roku przez polski wywiad (Zarząd Wywiadu Urzędu Ochrony Państwa) w Iraku. (pl)
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- None, successfully escaped without raising any suspicion
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- Polish operatives successfully liberated American spies
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- *6 American spies (mixCIAandDIA)
- *Unknown Polish spies
- *Unknown Republican Guards
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- 5706 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
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- None (en)
- None, successfully escaped without raising any suspicion (en)
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- Polish operatives successfully liberated American spies (en)
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- *Unknown Polish spies
*6 American spies (en)
- *Unknown Republican Guards (en)
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- Opération Simoun (en polonais Operacja Samum) est une opération secrète réalisée par les services de renseignement polonais en Irak en 1990. Son but est d'évacuer six agents américains. (fr)
- Operacja Samum (ang. Operation Simoom) – ściśle tajna ewakuacja funkcjonariuszy instytucji wywiadowczych USA, przeprowadzona w 1990 roku przez polski wywiad (Zarząd Wywiadu Urzędu Ochrony Państwa) w Iraku. (pl)
- عملية السموم (بالبولندية: Operacja Samum) هي عملية استخبارات بولندية سرية للغاية أجريت في العراق عام 1990. في عام 1990 طلبت وكالة المخابرات المركزية من وكالات الاستخبارات الأوروبية المساعدة في سحب ستة عملاء أمريكيين (خليط بين ضباط وكالة المخابرات المركزية ووكالة استخبارات الدفاع) كانوا يحققون في تحركات القوات العراقية في العراق قبل حرب الخليج. رفضت عدة دول، مثل الاتحاد السوفيتي وبريطانيا العظمى وفرنسا، المساعدة في مثل هذه العملية الخطيرة. فقط بولندا وافقت على المساعدة. (ar)
- Operation Simoom (polnisch: Operacja Samum) war eine Operation des polnischen Geheimdienstes im Irak im Jahre 1990. Der Begriff Simoom für den Namen der Operation ist der englische Name eines Wüstensturms. Als Dank sagte die US-Regierung die Tilgung der Hälfte polnischer Auslandsschulden zu. (de)
- Operation Simoom (Polish: Operacja Samum) was a top secret Polish intelligence operation conducted in Iraq in 1990. In 1990 the CIA asked European intelligence agencies to assist in the withdrawal of six American operatives (a mix of CIA and DIA officers) investigating Iraqi troops movements in Iraq before the Gulf War. Several countries, such as the Soviet Union, Great Britain, and France refused to help in such a dangerous operation; only Poland agreed to help. (en)
- L'operazione Simoom è un'operazione condotta dai Servizi Segreti polacchi in Iraq nel 1990. Nei primi mesi del 1990 la CIA chiese ai servizi segreti degli alleati europei di contribuire al recupero di 6 spie americane (alcune della CIA, altre della DIA) che spiavano i movimenti delle truppe irachene prima della Guerra del Golfo. Dato l'alto rischio dell'operazione, paesi come l'Unione Sovietica, la Francia e il Regno Unito rifiutarono di aiutare gli Stati Uniti. Solo la Polonia accettò nonostante il pericolo: se gli agenti fossero stati scoperti, era altamente probabile che tutte le spie sarebbero state giustiziate. (it)
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- عملية السموم (ar)
- Operation Simoom (de)
- Opération Simoun (fr)
- Operazione Simoom (it)
- Operation Simoom (en)
- Operacja Samum (pl)
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