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- أسماء سورية، أطلق اسم " Syria" «سوريا» على المنطقة الواقعة شرق شاطئ البحر الأبيض المتوسط. وقديما أطلق اليونانيون اسم فينيقيا على كل سوريا وكنعان. أما اليوم توافق جمعية شركاء الوطن الفينيقي السليم على أنها شمال غرب المنطقة الساحلية من بلاد الشام، التي تركزت في المدن الفينيقية وهي في وقتنا الحاضر أوغاريت وأرواد وصور وطرطوس وعمريت وصيدا وجبيل. وهي تابعة الآن لساحل سوريا ولبنان. أيضاً هناك مدينة في تركيا حالياً تنسب على أنها فينيقية حيث يعتقد أنها مستمده من اسم Lycians وهو اسم لتاجر كان يتاجر مع الفينيقيين في العصور القديمة. (ar)
- The name Syria is latinized from the Greek Συρία (Suría). In toponymic typology, the term Syria is classified among choronyms (proper names of regions and countries). The origin and usage of the term has been the subject of interest, both among ancient writers and modern scholars. In early Greek usage, the terms Συρία (Suría) and Ασσυρία (Assuría) were used almost interchangeably to describe Assyria in northern Mesopotamia, modern-day Iraq, but in the Roman Empire, the terms Syria and Assyria came to be used as names for distinct geographical regions. "Syria" in the Roman period referred to the region of Syria (the western Levant), while Assyria (Asōristān, Athura) in Mesopotamia was part of the Sasanian Empire and only very briefly came under Roman control (AD 116–118, marking the historical peak of Roman expansion). Henceforth the Greeks applied the term without distinction between the Assyrians of Mesopotamia and Arameans of the Levant. Etymologically, the name Syria is thought to be connected to Assyria, which was a major ancient Mesopotamian civilization in modern-day Iraq which existed as a city-state from the 21st century BC to the 14th century BC and then as a territorial state and eventually an empire from the 14th century BC to the 7th century BC. Assyria reached as far as northeastern Syria, southeastern Turkey and fringes of northwestern Iran, ultimately from the Akkadian Aššur. Theodor Nöldeke in 1871 was the first to give philological support to the assumption that Syria and Assyria have the same etymology, a suggestion going back to John Selden (1617). Current academic opinion favors the connection. Modern Syria (Arabic: الجمهورية العربية السورية "Syrian Arab Republic", since 1961) inherits its name from the Ottoman Syria vilayet (Vilâyet-i Sûriye), established in 1865. The choice of the ancient regional name, instead of a more common Ottoman practice of naming provinces according to provincial capitals, was seen as a reflection of growing historical consciousness among the local intellectuals at the time. The Classical Arabic name for the region is بلاد اَلشَّأم bilād aš-ša'm ("The land of Shem") eldest son of Noah, Modern Standard Arabic اَلشَّام aš-šām) from شأم š'm "left hand; northern". In contrast, Baalshamin (Imperial Aramaic: ܒܥܠ ܫܡܝܢ, romanized: Lord of Heaven(s)), was a Semitic sky-god in Canaan/Phoenicia and ancient Palmyra. Hence, Sham refers to (heaven or sky). (en)
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- أسماء سورية، أطلق اسم " Syria" «سوريا» على المنطقة الواقعة شرق شاطئ البحر الأبيض المتوسط. وقديما أطلق اليونانيون اسم فينيقيا على كل سوريا وكنعان. أما اليوم توافق جمعية شركاء الوطن الفينيقي السليم على أنها شمال غرب المنطقة الساحلية من بلاد الشام، التي تركزت في المدن الفينيقية وهي في وقتنا الحاضر أوغاريت وأرواد وصور وطرطوس وعمريت وصيدا وجبيل. وهي تابعة الآن لساحل سوريا ولبنان. أيضاً هناك مدينة في تركيا حالياً تنسب على أنها فينيقية حيث يعتقد أنها مستمده من اسم Lycians وهو اسم لتاجر كان يتاجر مع الفينيقيين في العصور القديمة. (ar)
- The name Syria is latinized from the Greek Συρία (Suría). In toponymic typology, the term Syria is classified among choronyms (proper names of regions and countries). The origin and usage of the term has been the subject of interest, both among ancient writers and modern scholars. In early Greek usage, the terms Συρία (Suría) and Ασσυρία (Assuría) were used almost interchangeably to describe Assyria in northern Mesopotamia, modern-day Iraq, but in the Roman Empire, the terms Syria and Assyria came to be used as names for distinct geographical regions. "Syria" in the Roman period referred to the region of Syria (the western Levant), while Assyria (Asōristān, Athura) in Mesopotamia was part of the Sasanian Empire and only very briefly came under Roman control (AD 116–118, marking the histori (en)
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