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- Ein Elektro-thermisch-chemisches-Geschütz (ETC-Geschütz) ist eine Weiterentwicklung der derzeit in Benutzung befindlichen Geschütze, die die Energie zum Beschleunigen eines Projektils aus dem Abbrennen eines Treibladungspulvers beziehen. ETC-Geschütze waren in den 1990er und 2000er Jahren Gegenstand von Forschungen. In den 2010er Jahren hat sich der Fokus zu Energiewaffen wie LaWS-Lasersystemen für Schiffe verschoben. (de)
- Electrothermal-chemical (ETC) technology is an attempt to increase accuracy and muzzle energy of future tank, artillery, and close-in weapon system guns by improving the predictability and rate of expansion of propellants inside the barrel. An electrothermal-chemical gun uses a plasma cartridge to ignite and control the ammunition's propellant, using electrical energy to trigger the process. ETC increases the performance of conventional solid propellants, reduces the effect of temperature on propellant expansion and allows for more advanced, higher density propellants to be used. The technology has been under development since the mid-1980s and at present is actively being researched in the United States by the Army Research Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories and defense industry contractors, including FMC Corporation, General Dynamics Land Systems, Olin Ordnance, and Soreq Nuclear Research Center. It is possible that electrothermal-chemical gun propulsion will be an integral part of US Army's future combat system and those of other countries such as Germany and the United Kingdom. Electrothermal-chemical technology is part of a broad research and development program that encompasses all electric gun technology, such as railguns and coil guns. (en)
- 電熱化學炮（Electrothermal-chemical, ETC）為一種新型火炮概念，可以在不使用複雜笨重的電磁炮下另一種增強火炮威力的創新。将电能转变为热能使推进剂燃烧，产生高温高压气体推动弹丸高速发射的武器，电热化学炮的炮弹由等离子体喷管、推进剂和弹丸等组成。 (zh)
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- Ein Elektro-thermisch-chemisches-Geschütz (ETC-Geschütz) ist eine Weiterentwicklung der derzeit in Benutzung befindlichen Geschütze, die die Energie zum Beschleunigen eines Projektils aus dem Abbrennen eines Treibladungspulvers beziehen. ETC-Geschütze waren in den 1990er und 2000er Jahren Gegenstand von Forschungen. In den 2010er Jahren hat sich der Fokus zu Energiewaffen wie LaWS-Lasersystemen für Schiffe verschoben. (de)
- 電熱化學炮（Electrothermal-chemical, ETC）為一種新型火炮概念，可以在不使用複雜笨重的電磁炮下另一種增強火炮威力的創新。将电能转变为热能使推进剂燃烧，产生高温高压气体推动弹丸高速发射的武器，电热化学炮的炮弹由等离子体喷管、推进剂和弹丸等组成。 (zh)
- Electrothermal-chemical (ETC) technology is an attempt to increase accuracy and muzzle energy of future tank, artillery, and close-in weapon system guns by improving the predictability and rate of expansion of propellants inside the barrel. An electrothermal-chemical gun uses a plasma cartridge to ignite and control the ammunition's propellant, using electrical energy to trigger the process. ETC increases the performance of conventional solid propellants, reduces the effect of temperature on propellant expansion and allows for more advanced, higher density propellants to be used. (en)
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- Elektro-thermisch-chemisches-Geschütz (de)
- Electrothermal-chemical technology (en)
- 電熱化學炮 (zh)
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