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- The American Health Care Act of 2017 (often shortened to the AHCA or nicknamed Trumpcare) was a bill in the 115th United States Congress. The bill, which was passed by the United States House of Representatives but not by the United States Senate, would have partially repealed the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Republican Party leaders had campaigned on the repeal of the ACA since its passage in 2010, and the 2016 elections gave Republicans unified control of Congress and the presidency for the first time since the ACA came into effect. Upon the start of the 115th Congress, Congressional Republicans sought to pass a partial repeal of the ACA using the reconciliation process, which allows legislation to bypass the Senate filibuster and pass with a simple majority in the Senate. With the support of President Donald Trump, House Republicans introduced the AHCA in early 2017, and the bill passed the House in a close vote on May 4, 2017. All House Democrats, along with several members of the centrist Tuesday Group and some other House Republicans, voted against the AHCA. The bill would have repealed the individual mandate and the employer mandate, dramatically cut Medicaid spending and eligibility, eliminated tax credits for healthcare costs, abolished some taxes on high earners, and altered rules concerning pre-existing conditions and essential health benefits. Senate Republicans initially sought to pass the Better Care Reconciliation Act of 2017 (BCRA), a healthcare bill containing provisions largely similar to those of the AHCA. The BCRA was never voted on in its original form due to opposition from several Republican senators. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell instead sought to pass the , which was colloquially referred to as a "skinny repeal" by Republicans since it would only repeal the individual mandate and the employer mandate. On July 27, the Senate rejected the HCFA in a 51-to-49 vote, with Republican senators Susan Collins, Lisa Murkowski, and John McCain joining with all Senate Democrats in voting against it. In September 2017, some Republican senators pushed a renewed effort to repeal the ACA, but their bill never received a vote in the Senate. The 115th Congress ultimately did not pass an ACA repeal bill, though it did pass the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, which repealed the individual mandate. The AHCA was a significant issue in the midterm elections the following year, which saw the election of a Democratic House majority and defeat of several of the bill's supporters for re-election. Members of Congress who voted for the AHCA were more likely to lose their re-election bids. The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office projected that the AHCA would have increased the number of uninsured people by 23 million over 10 years, but would have decreased the federal budget deficit by $119 billion over the same period. Polling consistently showed that the AHCA was deeply unpopular with the American population during and after its evaluations in Congress. Business Insider stated that the AHCA was "the least popular major bill in decades", and major medical organizations, including the American Medical Association and the American Academy of Pediatrics, strongly condemned the bill and excoriated its supporters in Congress. (en)
- 《2017年美国卫生保健法》（H.R.1628（页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆））（英文：American Health Care Act of 2017)，首字母缩写词为 AHCA ，另有多个绰号如： 《川普保健法案》、《瑞安保健法案》、《共和党保健法案》，亦被贬称为《小奥巴马保健法案》，是一项美国国会法案，目的是废除《患者保护与平价医疗法案》(ACA)。它是基于2017年3月6日共和党在众议院首次公布的一项计划，其倡导者声称的第一部分是三阶段废除该法案的计划。 AHCA是一项预算调节法案，为2017年联邦预算的一部分；这一地位意味着不能在美国参议院阻碍该法案，因此可凭借参议院的简单多数票通过该法案。它将废除平价医疗法案在联邦预算范围内的部分，包括包含在美国国内税收法中的相关规定，如「个人强制保险」（in Sec. 205）、公司员工医疗保险（in Sec. 206）以及各种相关税款（Section 201et. seq.），还修订了联邦医疗补助计划（第111至116和121）。 2017年5月4日，美国众议院以217对213票通过《美国卫生保健法》（并由此废除大部分平价医疗法案）、该法案递交到参议院审议。参议院已经表示，他们将编写他们自己版本的法案，而不是对众议院的版本投票。 在参议院最终否决了所有的修正案后，该法案被推延。其中包括共和党领袖米奇·麥康諾给出的所谓“小号废除”计划S.Amdt. 667，被以49-51票否决。参议员约翰·麦凯恩、苏珊·柯琳丝和麗莎·穆爾科斯基是仅有的投票反对议案的共和党人。 (zh)
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