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Statements

Subject Item
dbr:Comparative_biology
rdfs:label
Comparative biology Biologie comparée
rdfs:comment
La biologie comparative (ou biologie comparée) est une approche multidisciplinaire visant à comprendre la diversité des organismes (biodiversité). Elle étudie la variation naturelle et la disparité des morphologies (diversité morpho-anatomique des plans d'organisation anatomique, des organes, réseaux et squelettes et des formes corporelles, et en particulier les systèmes neuro-sensoriel, respiratoire, circulatoire, excréteur et reproducteur) ainsi que de certains mécanismes biologiques sous-jacents. Elle le fait à tous les stades (œufs, embryon, larves, etc.). Comparative biology uses natural variation and disparity to understand the patterns of life at all levels—from genes to communities—and the critical role of organisms in ecosystems. Comparative biology is a cross-lineage approach to understanding the phylogenetic history of individuals or higher taxa and the mechanisms and patterns that drives it. Comparative biology encompasses Evolutionary Biology, Systematics, Neontology, Paleontology, Ethology, Anthropology, and Biogeography as well as historical approaches to Developmental biology, Genomics, Physiology, Ecology and many other areas of the biological sciences. The comparative approach also has numerous applications in human health, genetics, biomedicine, and conservation biology. The biological relationships (phylogenies, pedigree) are
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dbo:abstract
La biologie comparative (ou biologie comparée) est une approche multidisciplinaire visant à comprendre la diversité des organismes (biodiversité). Elle étudie la variation naturelle et la disparité des morphologies (diversité morpho-anatomique des plans d'organisation anatomique, des organes, réseaux et squelettes et des formes corporelles, et en particulier les systèmes neuro-sensoriel, respiratoire, circulatoire, excréteur et reproducteur) ainsi que de certains mécanismes biologiques sous-jacents. Elle le fait à tous les stades (œufs, embryon, larves, etc.). Elle a par exemple mis en évidence l'importance basique des plans d’organisation de base pour l'évolution radiative d'une dizaine de grands embranchements de métazoaires. Comparative biology uses natural variation and disparity to understand the patterns of life at all levels—from genes to communities—and the critical role of organisms in ecosystems. Comparative biology is a cross-lineage approach to understanding the phylogenetic history of individuals or higher taxa and the mechanisms and patterns that drives it. Comparative biology encompasses Evolutionary Biology, Systematics, Neontology, Paleontology, Ethology, Anthropology, and Biogeography as well as historical approaches to Developmental biology, Genomics, Physiology, Ecology and many other areas of the biological sciences. The comparative approach also has numerous applications in human health, genetics, biomedicine, and conservation biology. The biological relationships (phylogenies, pedigree) are important for comparative analyses and usually represented by a phylogenetic tree or cladogram to differentiate those features with single origins (Homology) from those with multiple origins (Homoplasy).
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