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隨機存取儲存程式機 Macchina RASP Random-access stored-program machine
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In informatica la Macchina RASP (Random Access Stored Program) è un calcolatore primitivo ideale che, sulla base dell'architettura di von Neumann, elabora le informazioni ricevute in entrata da un nastro di input in una unità centrale (CPU), grazie al supporto di una memoria interna ad accesso casuale (RAM), e stampa i risultati su un nastro di output.I nastri di entrata ed uscita delle informazioni e la RandRAM sono potenzialmente infiniti e costituiti da celle di memoria che possono contenere un solo valore, di tipo numerico intero (Z), che per essere elaborato dalla CPU deve prima essere salvato sulla RAM, che costituisce così il ponte di collegamento tra i nastri input/output e l'unità elaborativa. 在理論計算機科學中，隨機存取儲存程式機（英語：Random-access stored-program machine，縮寫為RASP）是一種抽象機器，屬於寄存器機，可使用於演算法開發與計算複雜性理論中。隨機存取儲存程式機類似於隨機存取機，這兩者都是一種圖靈機，等價於通用圖靈機。這兩者主要的區別是，隨機存取機是哈佛架構下的一個實例，而隨機存取儲存程式機則屬於冯·诺伊曼结构。 In theoretical computer science the random-access stored-program (RASP) machine model is an abstract machine used for the purposes of algorithm development and algorithm complexity theory. The RASP is a random-access machine (RAM) model that, unlike the RAM, has its program in its "registers" together with its input. The registers are unbounded (infinite in capacity); whether the number of registers is finite is model-specific. Thus the RASP is to the RAM as the Universal Turing machine is to the Turing machine. The RASP is an example of the von Neumann architecture whereas the RAM is an example of the Harvard architecture.
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In informatica la Macchina RASP (Random Access Stored Program) è un calcolatore primitivo ideale che, sulla base dell'architettura di von Neumann, elabora le informazioni ricevute in entrata da un nastro di input in una unità centrale (CPU), grazie al supporto di una memoria interna ad accesso casuale (RAM), e stampa i risultati su un nastro di output.I nastri di entrata ed uscita delle informazioni e la RandRAM sono potenzialmente infiniti e costituiti da celle di memoria che possono contenere un solo valore, di tipo numerico intero (Z), che per essere elaborato dalla CPU deve prima essere salvato sulla RAM, che costituisce così il ponte di collegamento tra i nastri input/output e l'unità elaborativa. In theoretical computer science the random-access stored-program (RASP) machine model is an abstract machine used for the purposes of algorithm development and algorithm complexity theory. The RASP is a random-access machine (RAM) model that, unlike the RAM, has its program in its "registers" together with its input. The registers are unbounded (infinite in capacity); whether the number of registers is finite is model-specific. Thus the RASP is to the RAM as the Universal Turing machine is to the Turing machine. The RASP is an example of the von Neumann architecture whereas the RAM is an example of the Harvard architecture. The RASP is closest of all the abstract models to the common notion of computer. But unlike actual computers the RASP model usually has a very simple instruction set, greatly reduced from those of CISC and even RISC processors to the simplest arithmetic, register-to-register "moves", and "test/jump" instructions. Some models have a few extra registers such as an accumulator. Together with the register machine, the RAM, and the pointer machine the RASP makes up the four common models, called this to distinguish them from the "parallel" models (e.g. parallel random-access machine) [cf. van Emde Boas (1990)]. 在理論計算機科學中，隨機存取儲存程式機（英語：Random-access stored-program machine，縮寫為RASP）是一種抽象機器，屬於寄存器機，可使用於演算法開發與計算複雜性理論中。隨機存取儲存程式機類似於隨機存取機，這兩者都是一種圖靈機，等價於通用圖靈機。這兩者主要的區別是，隨機存取機是哈佛架構下的一個實例，而隨機存取儲存程式機則屬於冯·诺伊曼结构。
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