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천이 유동 Transition laminaire-turbulent Transição laminar-turbulenta 境界層遷移 过渡流 Laminar–turbulent transition
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La transition laminaire-turbulent est le mécanisme par lequel un écoulement passe de l'état laminaire à l'état turbulent. Sa description utilise généralement le nombre de Reynolds qui mesure localement le rapport entre les forces d'inertie et les forces liées à la viscosité. Il s'agit d'un phénomène d'instabilité complexe, dépendant de conditions telles que l'état de surface dans le cas d'une couche limite ou les perturbations sonores appliquées. In fluid dynamics, the process of a laminar flow becoming turbulent is known as laminar–turbulent transition. The main parameter characterizing transition is the Reynolds number. Transition is often described as a process proceeding through a series of stages. "Transitional flow" can refer to transition in either direction, that is laminar–turbulent transitional or turbulent–laminar transitional flow. The process applies to any fluid flow, and is most often used in the context of boundary layers. 境界層遷移（きょうかいそうせんい、英語：Laminar-turbulent transition）とは、流体力学の流れにおいて層流の境界層が乱流に変化する過程である。層流乱流遷移とも呼ぶ。この過程は非常に複雑であり、現在完全には解明されていない。 过渡流是流体的一种流动状态。当流速很小时，流体分层流动，互不混合，称为层流，或称为片流；逐渐增加流速，流体的流线开始出现波浪状的摆动，摆动的频率及振幅随流速的增加而增加，此种流况称为过渡流；当流速增加到很大时，流线不再清楚可辨，流场中有许多小漩涡，称为湍流，又称为乱流、扰流或紊流。 这种变化可以用雷诺数来量化。雷诺数较小时，黏滞力对流场的影响大于惯性力，流场中流速的扰动会因黏滞力而衰减，流体流动稳定，为层流；反之，若雷诺数较大时，惯性力对流场的影响大于黏滞力，流体流动较不稳定，流速的微小变化容易发展、增强，形成紊乱、不规则的湍流流场。 流态转变时的雷诺数值称为临界雷诺数。一般管道雷诺数Re＜2100为层流状态，Re＞4000为湍流状态，Re＝2100～4000为过渡状态。 천이유동(transition flow)은 층류(laminar flow)에서 난류(turbulence)로 바뀌어가는 중간 지점의 유동이다. 층류에서 난류로 바뀌어가는 중간형태의 유동인데 난류나 층류의 범주에 넣을 수 없는 특성이 있는 유동을 의미한다. O processo pelo qual um fluxo laminar tornar-se turbulento é conhecido como transição laminar-turbulenta. Este é um processo extremamente complexo que na atualidade ainda não é completamente compreendido. No entanto, com o resultado de décadas de intensa investigação, certas características tornaram-se gradualmente claras, e sabe-se que o processo prossegue através de uma série de etapas.
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O processo pelo qual um fluxo laminar tornar-se turbulento é conhecido como transição laminar-turbulenta. Este é um processo extremamente complexo que na atualidade ainda não é completamente compreendido. No entanto, com o resultado de décadas de intensa investigação, certas características tornaram-se gradualmente claras, e sabe-se que o processo prossegue através de uma série de etapas. Enquanto que o processo é aplicável a qualquer fluxo de fluido, é mais frequentemente usado no contexto de camadas limites, devido à sua ubiquidade em fluxos de fluidos reais e à sua importância em muitos processos fluido-dinâmicos. 过渡流是流体的一种流动状态。当流速很小时，流体分层流动，互不混合，称为层流，或称为片流；逐渐增加流速，流体的流线开始出现波浪状的摆动，摆动的频率及振幅随流速的增加而增加，此种流况称为过渡流；当流速增加到很大时，流线不再清楚可辨，流场中有许多小漩涡，称为湍流，又称为乱流、扰流或紊流。 这种变化可以用雷诺数来量化。雷诺数较小时，黏滞力对流场的影响大于惯性力，流场中流速的扰动会因黏滞力而衰减，流体流动稳定，为层流；反之，若雷诺数较大时，惯性力对流场的影响大于黏滞力，流体流动较不稳定，流速的微小变化容易发展、增强，形成紊乱、不规则的湍流流场。 流态转变时的雷诺数值称为临界雷诺数。一般管道雷诺数Re＜2100为层流状态，Re＞4000为湍流状态，Re＝2100～4000为过渡状态。 천이유동(transition flow)은 층류(laminar flow)에서 난류(turbulence)로 바뀌어가는 중간 지점의 유동이다. 층류에서 난류로 바뀌어가는 중간형태의 유동인데 난류나 층류의 범주에 넣을 수 없는 특성이 있는 유동을 의미한다. In fluid dynamics, the process of a laminar flow becoming turbulent is known as laminar–turbulent transition. The main parameter characterizing transition is the Reynolds number. Transition is often described as a process proceeding through a series of stages. "Transitional flow" can refer to transition in either direction, that is laminar–turbulent transitional or turbulent–laminar transitional flow. The process applies to any fluid flow, and is most often used in the context of boundary layers. La transition laminaire-turbulent est le mécanisme par lequel un écoulement passe de l'état laminaire à l'état turbulent. Sa description utilise généralement le nombre de Reynolds qui mesure localement le rapport entre les forces d'inertie et les forces liées à la viscosité. Il s'agit d'un phénomène d'instabilité complexe, dépendant de conditions telles que l'état de surface dans le cas d'une couche limite ou les perturbations sonores appliquées. Ce phénomène, réversible (on parle dans ce cas de relaminarisation), a été étudié essentiellement dans le contexte des couches limites mais s'applique à tout type d'écoulement. 境界層遷移（きょうかいそうせんい、英語：Laminar-turbulent transition）とは、流体力学の流れにおいて層流の境界層が乱流に変化する過程である。層流乱流遷移とも呼ぶ。この過程は非常に複雑であり、現在完全には解明されていない。
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