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- Ein Wasserkanal ist ein Kanal oder ein Becken zur Untersuchung von Strömungen. Ähnlich wie bei einem Windkanal werden dabei Versuchsobjekte einem kontrolliert strömenden Medium ausgesetzt. Durch die im Vergleich zu Luft hohe Dichte und kleine kinematische Viskosität von Wasser werden schon bei niedrigen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten und kleinen Abmessungen hohe Reynolds-Zahlen erreicht. Bei der gleichen Modellgröße und Strömungsgeschwindigkeit ergibt sich eine etwa 15-fach größere Reynolds-Zahl als im Windkanal. Durch einen erhöhten Wasserdruck lässt sich der Nachteil der Kavitation reduzieren. Bei einem Wellenkanal werden Oberflächenwellen simuliert. Wellentanks oder Wellenbecken dienen zum Studium der zweidimensionalen Ausbreitung von Wellen.
* Das erste Versuchsbecken der US Navy (1900)
* Ludwig Prandtl 1904 mit einem Wasserkanal ("Prandtl-Kanal") zur Visualisierung von Strömungsvorgängen, der den Windkanal Göttinger Bauart inspirierte
* Kavitationstunnel der Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau und Schiffbau in Berlin
* Kavitierender Propeller in einem Experiment im 'David Taylor Model Basin' (de)
- A water tunnel is an experimental facility used for testing the hydrodynamic behavior of submerged bodies in flowing water. It functions similar to a recirculating wind tunnel, but uses water as the working fluid, and related phenomena are investigated, such as measuring the forces on scale models of submarines or lift and drag on hydrofoils. Water tunnels are sometimes used in place of wind tunnels to perform measurements because techniques like particle image velocimetry (PIV) are easier to implement in water. For many cases as long as the Reynolds number is equivalent, the results are valid, whether a submerged water vehicle model is tested in air or an aerial vehicle is tested in water. For low Reynolds number flows, tunnels can be made to run oil instead of water. The advantage is that the increased viscosity will allow the flow to be a faster speed (and thus easier to maintain in a stable manner) for a lower Reynolds number. Whereas in wind tunnels the driving force is usually sophisticated multiblade propellers with adjustable blade pitch, in water and oil tunnels the fluid is circulated with pumps, effectively using a net pressure head difference to move the fluid rather than imparting momentum on it directly. Thus the return section of water and oil tunnels does not need any flow management; typically it is just a pipe sized for the pump and desired flow speeds. The upstream section of a water tunnels generally consists of a pipe (outlet from the pump) with several holes along its side and with the end open followed by a series of coarse and fine screens to even the flow before the contraction into the test section. Wind tunnels may also have screens before the contraction, but in water tunnels they may be as fine as the screen used in window openings and screen doors. Additionally, many water tunnels are sealed and can reduce or increase the internal static pressure, to perform cavitation studies. These are referred to as cavitation tunnels. (en)
- Um túnel de água é uma instalação experimental usada para testar o comportamento hidrodinâmico de corpos submersos em água corrente. É muito semelhante a um túnel de vento de recirculação, mas com água como fluido de trabalho, e fenômenos relacionados são estudados, tais como a medição das forças sobre modelos em escala de submarinos ou sustentação ou arrasto em hidrofólios. (pt)
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- Um túnel de água é uma instalação experimental usada para testar o comportamento hidrodinâmico de corpos submersos em água corrente. É muito semelhante a um túnel de vento de recirculação, mas com água como fluido de trabalho, e fenômenos relacionados são estudados, tais como a medição das forças sobre modelos em escala de submarinos ou sustentação ou arrasto em hidrofólios. (pt)
- Ein Wasserkanal ist ein Kanal oder ein Becken zur Untersuchung von Strömungen. Ähnlich wie bei einem Windkanal werden dabei Versuchsobjekte einem kontrolliert strömenden Medium ausgesetzt. Durch die im Vergleich zu Luft hohe Dichte und kleine kinematische Viskosität von Wasser werden schon bei niedrigen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten und kleinen Abmessungen hohe Reynolds-Zahlen erreicht. Bei der gleichen Modellgröße und Strömungsgeschwindigkeit ergibt sich eine etwa 15-fach größere Reynolds-Zahl als im Windkanal. Durch einen erhöhten Wasserdruck lässt sich der Nachteil der Kavitation reduzieren. (de)
- A water tunnel is an experimental facility used for testing the hydrodynamic behavior of submerged bodies in flowing water. It functions similar to a recirculating wind tunnel, but uses water as the working fluid, and related phenomena are investigated, such as measuring the forces on scale models of submarines or lift and drag on hydrofoils. Water tunnels are sometimes used in place of wind tunnels to perform measurements because techniques like particle image velocimetry (PIV) are easier to implement in water. For many cases as long as the Reynolds number is equivalent, the results are valid, whether a submerged water vehicle model is tested in air or an aerial vehicle is tested in water. For low Reynolds number flows, tunnels can be made to run oil instead of water. The advantage is tha (en)
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- Wasserkanal (de)
- Túnel de água (pt)
- Water tunnel (hydrodynamic) (en)
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