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- A termination signal is a sequence that signals the end of transcription or translation. Termination signals are found at the end of the part of the chromosome being transcribed during transcription of mRNA. Termination signals bring a stop to transcription, ensuring that only gene-encoding parts of the chromosome are transcribed. Transcription begins at the promoter when RNA polymerase, an enzyme that facilitates transcription of DNA into mRNA, binds to a promoter, unwinds the helical structure of the DNA, and uses the single-stranded DNA as a template to synthesize RNA. Once RNA polymerase reaches the termination signal, transcription is terminated. In bacteria, there are two main types of termination signals: intrinsic and factor-dependent terminators. In the context of translation, a termination signal is the stop codon on the mRNA that elicits the release of the growing peptide from the ribosome. Termination signals play an important role in regulating gene expression since they mark the end of a gene transcript and determine which DNA sequences are expressed in the cell. Expression levels of certain genes can be increased by inhibiting signal terminators, known as antitermination, which allows for transcription to continue beyond the termination signal site. This can be desirable under specific cell conditions. Additionally, sometimes, termination signals are overlooked in transcription and translation, resulting in unwanted transcription or translation past the termination signal. To address this issue, termination signals can be optimized to increase termination efficiency. (en)
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- A termination signal is a sequence that signals the end of transcription or translation. Termination signals are found at the end of the part of the chromosome being transcribed during transcription of mRNA. Termination signals bring a stop to transcription, ensuring that only gene-encoding parts of the chromosome are transcribed. Transcription begins at the promoter when RNA polymerase, an enzyme that facilitates transcription of DNA into mRNA, binds to a promoter, unwinds the helical structure of the DNA, and uses the single-stranded DNA as a template to synthesize RNA. Once RNA polymerase reaches the termination signal, transcription is terminated. In bacteria, there are two main types of termination signals: intrinsic and factor-dependent terminators. In the context of translation, a t (en)
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