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A strange particle is an elementary particle with a strangeness quantum number different from zero. Strange particles are members of a large family of elementary particles carrying the quantum number of strangeness, including several cases where the quantum number is hidden in a strange/anti-strange pair, for example in the ϕ meson. The classification of particles, as mesons and baryons, follows the quark/anti-quark and three quark content respectively. Murray Gell-Mann recognized the group structure of elementary particle classification introducing the flavour SU(3) and strangeness as a new quantum number.

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  • A strange particle is an elementary particle with a strangeness quantum number different from zero. Strange particles are members of a large family of elementary particles carrying the quantum number of strangeness, including several cases where the quantum number is hidden in a strange/anti-strange pair, for example in the ϕ meson. The classification of particles, as mesons and baryons, follows the quark/anti-quark and three quark content respectively. Murray Gell-Mann recognized the group structure of elementary particle classification introducing the flavour SU(3) and strangeness as a new quantum number. (en)
  • 奇异粒子是一类亚原子粒子的统称。与奇异粒子相对的是普通粒子,包括质子、中子、π介子等普通的强子和轻子。1947年罗彻斯特(G. D. Rochester)和巴特勒(C.C.Butler,1922-)在宇宙射线中发现了Λ0、Κ0、Κ+等一些性质奇特的粒子。1953年在加速器中又陆续发现了更多的奇异粒子。与普通粒子不同,奇异粒子总是在强相互作用中很快地、至少两个一起同时产生,而后分别通过弱相互作用慢慢地衰变成为非奇异的粒子。 1953年,美国物理学家盖耳曼、日本物理学家中野董夫、西岛和彦(K.Nishijima)各自独立地提出用新的量子数——奇异数解释奇异粒子的性质。奇异数只能去取整数,并且规定普通粒子的奇异数是0,奇异粒子的奇异数由以下反应规定: 规定粒子的奇异数是+1,的奇异数是-1,然后由其它反应确定其余粒子的奇异数。 * 奇异数S=+1的奇异粒子有Κ0、Κ+等。 * 奇异数S=-1的奇异粒子有Κ-、Λ0、Σ+、Σ-、Σ0等。 * 奇异数S=-2的奇异粒子有Ξ0、Ξ-等。 * 奇异数S=-3的奇异粒子有Ω-等。 在强相互作用中,奇异粒子协同产生,奇异数S是严格守恒的。奇异粒子可以分别独立地衰变成几个普通粒子,所需的时间比较长,是通过弱相互作用实现的。弱相互作用中,奇异数S可以不守恒,ΔS=0,±1。 (zh)
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  • A strange particle is an elementary particle with a strangeness quantum number different from zero. Strange particles are members of a large family of elementary particles carrying the quantum number of strangeness, including several cases where the quantum number is hidden in a strange/anti-strange pair, for example in the ϕ meson. The classification of particles, as mesons and baryons, follows the quark/anti-quark and three quark content respectively. Murray Gell-Mann recognized the group structure of elementary particle classification introducing the flavour SU(3) and strangeness as a new quantum number. (en)
  • 奇异粒子是一类亚原子粒子的统称。与奇异粒子相对的是普通粒子,包括质子、中子、π介子等普通的强子和轻子。1947年罗彻斯特(G. D. Rochester)和巴特勒(C.C.Butler,1922-)在宇宙射线中发现了Λ0、Κ0、Κ+等一些性质奇特的粒子。1953年在加速器中又陆续发现了更多的奇异粒子。与普通粒子不同,奇异粒子总是在强相互作用中很快地、至少两个一起同时产生,而后分别通过弱相互作用慢慢地衰变成为非奇异的粒子。 1953年,美国物理学家盖耳曼、日本物理学家中野董夫、西岛和彦(K.Nishijima)各自独立地提出用新的量子数——奇异数解释奇异粒子的性质。奇异数只能去取整数,并且规定普通粒子的奇异数是0,奇异粒子的奇异数由以下反应规定: 规定粒子的奇异数是+1,的奇异数是-1,然后由其它反应确定其余粒子的奇异数。 * 奇异数S=+1的奇异粒子有Κ0、Κ+等。 * 奇异数S=-1的奇异粒子有Κ-、Λ0、Σ+、Σ-、Σ0等。 * 奇异数S=-2的奇异粒子有Ξ0、Ξ-等。 * 奇异数S=-3的奇异粒子有Ω-等。 在强相互作用中,奇异粒子协同产生,奇异数S是严格守恒的。奇异粒子可以分别独立地衰变成几个普通粒子,所需的时间比较长,是通过弱相互作用实现的。弱相互作用中,奇异数S可以不守恒,ΔS=0,±1。 (zh)
rdfs:label
  • Strange particle (en)
  • 奇异粒子 (zh)
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