About: Spirotrich

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The spirotrichs are a large and diverse group of ciliate protozoa. They typically have prominent oral cilia in the form of a series of polykinetids, called the adoral zone of membranelles, beginning anterior to the oral cavity and running down to the left side of the mouth. There may also be one or two paroral membranes on its right side. The body cilia are fused to form polykinetids called cirri in some, and are sparse to absent in others.

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  • Los espirotricos (Spirotrichea) son una clase extensa y distintiva de protistas del filo Ciliophora.​​ Se caracterizan por presentar cilios o membranelas junto a la boca y en algunos casos cilios fusionados (cirros). (es)
  • Les Spirotrichea sont une classe de chromistes de l'embranchement des Ciliophora. Cette classe regroupe des protozoaires ciliés du sous-embranchement des Intramacronucleata. (fr)
  • The spirotrichs are a large and diverse group of ciliate protozoa. They typically have prominent oral cilia in the form of a series of polykinetids, called the adoral zone of membranelles, beginning anterior to the oral cavity and running down to the left side of the mouth. There may also be one or two paroral membranes on its right side. The body cilia are fused to form polykinetids called cirri in some, and are sparse to absent in others. Forms with cirri are common throughout soil, freshwater, and marine environments. Individuals tend to be flattened, with cirri confined to the ventral surface. These are variously used for crawling over objects, acting as feet, swimming, or assisting in food capture. They are generally divided into hypotrichs and stichotrichs, but were originally all considered hypotrichs. Forms with sparse or absent body cilia tend to be smaller and are mostly marine, but a few are common in freshwater. Again, they are generally divided into oligotrichs and choreotrichs, but were originally all considered oligotrichs. The latter group includes the tintinnids, which produce loricae or shells and are the predominant fossil ciliates. As first defined by Bütschli in 1889 the spirotrichs were one of two orders, together with the now-abandoned holotrichs, and included all ciliates with prominent oral cilia: heterotrichs, hypotrichs, oligotrichs, and peritrichs, although the last were soon separated. The heterotrichs have an adoral zone of membranelles, but molecular and ultrastructure studies have shown they are a separate group that diverged from most other ciliates early on. A few of the smaller groups included with them may be genuine spirotrichs, however, such as the . The remaining spirotrichs form a monophyletic group, but their relationships are uncertain. For the most part the oligotrichs and choreotrichs appear to form closely related, natural groups. However Halteria and its close relatives, originally considered oligotrichs, form a separate group and may even be modified stichotrichs. Studies also suggest the hypotrichs are paraphyletic to the stichotrichs, and possibly to the oligotrichs and choreotrichs as well. This stands in contrast to the earlier belief that they were the most advanced of all protozoa. (en)
  • 선모류(旋毛類)는 선모강(Spirotrichea)에 속하는 섬모충류의 총칭이다. 크고 독특한 분류군의 하나이다. (ko)
  • 旋毛纲(學名:Spirotrich),或作旋毛類,是纤毛虫门之下的一個大型及高度多樣化的原生生物綱。這些動物,無論是棲息於泥土、淡水或海水,其纖毛的構造都一樣。 (zh)
  • Spirotrichea — клас найпростіших типу Війчасті (Ciliophora). Розрізняють близько 2 тис. видів. Поширенні у прісних водоймах. Живуть вільно або прикріплені до субстрату. Довжиною до 3 мм. Тіло покрите щільною пелікулою з густими війками (органи пересування), деякі мають раковину. Війки (2-4 ряди) злиті між собою (т.зв. ), і спірально закручені за годинниковою стрілкою (звідси назва). Живляться дрібними органічними залишками, бактеріями, водоростями, найпростішими. Самі служать кормом для інших безхребетних, мальків риб. Беруть участь у біологічному очищенні води. Є паразитами і збудниками хвороб тварин і людини. (uk)
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  • Bütschli 1889 (en)
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  • 2 (xsd:integer)
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  • Euplotes, a spirotrich (en)
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  • Spirotrichs (en)
dbp:subdivision
  • (en)
  • Choreotrichia (en)
  • Hypotrichia (en)
  • Oligotrichia (en)
  • Euplotia (en)
  • Licnophoria (en)
  • Phacodiniidea (en)
  • Protohypotrichia (en)
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  • Typical subclasses (en)
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  • Spirotrichea (en)
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  • Los espirotricos (Spirotrichea) son una clase extensa y distintiva de protistas del filo Ciliophora.​​ Se caracterizan por presentar cilios o membranelas junto a la boca y en algunos casos cilios fusionados (cirros). (es)
  • Les Spirotrichea sont une classe de chromistes de l'embranchement des Ciliophora. Cette classe regroupe des protozoaires ciliés du sous-embranchement des Intramacronucleata. (fr)
  • 선모류(旋毛類)는 선모강(Spirotrichea)에 속하는 섬모충류의 총칭이다. 크고 독특한 분류군의 하나이다. (ko)
  • 旋毛纲(學名:Spirotrich),或作旋毛類,是纤毛虫门之下的一個大型及高度多樣化的原生生物綱。這些動物,無論是棲息於泥土、淡水或海水,其纖毛的構造都一樣。 (zh)
  • The spirotrichs are a large and diverse group of ciliate protozoa. They typically have prominent oral cilia in the form of a series of polykinetids, called the adoral zone of membranelles, beginning anterior to the oral cavity and running down to the left side of the mouth. There may also be one or two paroral membranes on its right side. The body cilia are fused to form polykinetids called cirri in some, and are sparse to absent in others. (en)
  • Spirotrichea — клас найпростіших типу Війчасті (Ciliophora). Розрізняють близько 2 тис. видів. Поширенні у прісних водоймах. Живуть вільно або прикріплені до субстрату. Довжиною до 3 мм. Тіло покрите щільною пелікулою з густими війками (органи пересування), деякі мають раковину. Війки (2-4 ряди) злиті між собою (т.зв. ), і спірально закручені за годинниковою стрілкою (звідси назва). Живляться дрібними органічними залишками, бактеріями, водоростями, найпростішими. Самі служать кормом для інших безхребетних, мальків риб. (uk)
rdfs:label
  • Spirotrichea (es)
  • Spirotrichea (fr)
  • 선모류 (ko)
  • Spirotrich (en)
  • 旋毛纲 (zh)
  • Spirotrichea (uk)
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