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- Rutecarpine or rutaecarpine is a COX-2 inhibitor isolated from Tetradium ruticarpum. It is claimed as one of the non-basic alkaloids. In contrast to synthetic COX-2 inhibitors like Etoricoxib and Celecoxib Rutecarpine does not show their negative effects on the cardiovascular system; in fact it even does compensate for the adverse effects usually caused by COX-2 inhibition. Microsome studies suggest that rutaecarpine may be at least a weak inhibitor of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2E1, and CYP3A4 enzymes. At the same time, it is believed to be a rather strong inducer of the CYP1A2 and CYP1A1 enzymes. Rutecarpine has been shown to decrease the overall bioavailability of caffeine in rats by to 80%. Caffeine metabolism in rats given rutecarpine is modified greatly, likely through the induction of both the CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 enzymes. A natural product, rutecarpine can be purchased legally online, where it is sold as a "decafeineator". The long-term safety of rutecarpine supplementation has not been established. Rutecarpine metabolism is complex and proceeds along several routes, primarily involving the addition of a single hydroxyl group by CYP3A4. Six monohydroxylated and four dihydroxylated metabolites have been identified. To a much lesser extent rutecarpine may also be metabolized by CYP2C9 and CYP1A2, according to liver microsome studies. (en)
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- 8,13-Hydroindolo[2′,3′:3,4]pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-5(7H)-one (en)
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- Rutecarpine or rutaecarpine is a COX-2 inhibitor isolated from Tetradium ruticarpum. It is claimed as one of the non-basic alkaloids. In contrast to synthetic COX-2 inhibitors like Etoricoxib and Celecoxib Rutecarpine does not show their negative effects on the cardiovascular system; in fact it even does compensate for the adverse effects usually caused by COX-2 inhibition. (en)
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