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- Rafael Paula Barbosa, auch bekannt unter seinem Kampfnamen Zain Lopes, (* 1924 in Safim, Portugiesisch-Guinea; † 2. Januar 2007 in Dakar, Senegal) war ein guinea-bissauischer Widerstandskämpfer und Politiker der PAIGC. Nach seinem Ausschluss aus der Partei und einer Gefängnisstrafe gründete Barbosa eine eigene Partei, mit der er jedoch keinen Erfolg erzielen konnte. (de)
- Rafael Paula Barbosa, né en 1926 à Safim en Guinée-Bissau et mort le 2 janvier 2007 à Dakar au Sénégal, était un militant politique en Guinée portugaise, maintenant connue sous le nom de Guinée-Bissau. (fr)
- Rafael Paula Barbosa (c.1926 – 2 January 2007) was a political activist in Portuguese Guinea, now known as Guinea-Bissau. He was born in Safim, near Bissau, to a Guinean mother and Cape Verdean father. He worked as a civil construction engineer in Portuguese Guinea and became heavily involved with the formation of the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (Portuguese:Partido Africano da Independencia da Guine e Cabo Verde, PAIGC) in the period leading up to the armed struggle for independence. He recruited other people as members of the party who were then sent to Senegal or the Republic of Guinea for training. During the war of independence during the 1960s he was briefly arrested by the Portuguese Secret Police. After acting as the PAIGC's first President whilst its leader Amílcar Cabral was Secretary-General, Barbosa ended his association with the party after Cabral's assassination in 1973, in which Barbosa was suspected of being complicit. He was arrested again after independence and sentenced to death, but the sentence was commuted to life imprisonment by the first President, Luís Cabral. He was later temporarily freed by "Nino" Vieira following Vieira's coup d'état on 14 November 1981. Not until the democratisation of Guinea-Bissau in the 1990s was he finally released. He then went on to found his own political party, the (Portuguese: Frente Democratica Social, FDS), of which former President Kumba Ialá was once a member. He died in a Dakar hospital in Senegal following intensive medical treatment. His daughter Helena Paula Barbosa became a Government Minister. (en)
- Рафаэл Паула Гомеш Барбоза (порт. Rafael Paula Gomes Barbosa; 1926, — 2007, Дакар) — политик Гвинеи-Бисау, первый председатель ПАИГК. Выступал за ненасильственные методы антиколониальной борьбы. В независимой Гвинее-Бисау приговорён к смертной казни с заменой на пожизненное заключение. Освобождён после политических реформ. Основал партию Демократический социальный фронт. (ru)
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- 2641 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger)
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- Rafael Paula Barbosa, auch bekannt unter seinem Kampfnamen Zain Lopes, (* 1924 in Safim, Portugiesisch-Guinea; † 2. Januar 2007 in Dakar, Senegal) war ein guinea-bissauischer Widerstandskämpfer und Politiker der PAIGC. Nach seinem Ausschluss aus der Partei und einer Gefängnisstrafe gründete Barbosa eine eigene Partei, mit der er jedoch keinen Erfolg erzielen konnte. (de)
- Rafael Paula Barbosa, né en 1926 à Safim en Guinée-Bissau et mort le 2 janvier 2007 à Dakar au Sénégal, était un militant politique en Guinée portugaise, maintenant connue sous le nom de Guinée-Bissau. (fr)
- Рафаэл Паула Гомеш Барбоза (порт. Rafael Paula Gomes Barbosa; 1926, — 2007, Дакар) — политик Гвинеи-Бисау, первый председатель ПАИГК. Выступал за ненасильственные методы антиколониальной борьбы. В независимой Гвинее-Бисау приговорён к смертной казни с заменой на пожизненное заключение. Освобождён после политических реформ. Основал партию Демократический социальный фронт. (ru)
- Rafael Paula Barbosa (c.1926 – 2 January 2007) was a political activist in Portuguese Guinea, now known as Guinea-Bissau. He was born in Safim, near Bissau, to a Guinean mother and Cape Verdean father. He worked as a civil construction engineer in Portuguese Guinea and became heavily involved with the formation of the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (Portuguese:Partido Africano da Independencia da Guine e Cabo Verde, PAIGC) in the period leading up to the armed struggle for independence. He recruited other people as members of the party who were then sent to Senegal or the Republic of Guinea for training. During the war of independence during the 1960s he was briefly arrested by the Portuguese Secret Police. After acting as the PAIGC's first President whilst its (en)
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- Rafael Barbosa (de)
- Rafael Paula Barbosa (fr)
- Rafael Paula Barbosa (en)
- Барбоза, Рафаэл (ru)
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