About: Ommochrome

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Ommochrome (or visual pigment) refers to several biological pigments that occur in the eyes of crustaceans and insects. The eye color is determined by the ommochromes. Ommochromes are also found in the chromatophores of cephalopods, and in spiders. Ommochromes are metabolites of tryptophan, via kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine. They are responsible for a wide variety of colors, ranging from yellow over red and brown to black. Lighter colors tend to be generated by , while mixtures of ommatin and are responsible for darker colors.

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  • Ommochrome (or visual pigment) refers to several biological pigments that occur in the eyes of crustaceans and insects. The eye color is determined by the ommochromes. Ommochromes are also found in the chromatophores of cephalopods, and in spiders. Ommochromes are metabolites of tryptophan, via kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine. They are responsible for a wide variety of colors, ranging from yellow over red and brown to black. Lighter colors tend to be generated by , while mixtures of ommatin and are responsible for darker colors. In spiders, ommochromes are usually deposited as pigment granules within the cells of the hypodermis, immediately beneath the cuticle. A study on various insects showed that ommochromes in their eyes have high antioxidant activity. The ommochromes were found to have the ability to suppress the Maillard reaction. (en)
  • オモクローム(Ommochrome)は、甲殻類や昆虫の目で生じる数種類の生体色素である。目の色は、オモクロームによって決定される。また、頭足類の色素胞やクモでも見られる。 オモクロームは、トリプトファンからキヌレニン、3-ヒドロキシキヌレニンを経てできる代謝物質である。黄色、赤色から茶色、黒色まで、広い範囲の色の原因となる。明るい色は主にオマチンによって作られ、より暗い色はオマチンとオミンの混合物によって作られる。 クモでは、オモクロームは、クチクラのすぐ下の細胞中に色素顆粒として蓄えられる。 (ja)
  • Il termine ommocromo comprende vari pigmenti biologici che si trovano negli occhi dei crostacei e degli insetti. Infatti è proprio il colore dell'occhio ad essere determinato dagli ommocromi. Sono stati rinvenuti anche nei dei Cefalopodi, e nei ragni. Il nome deriva dalla parola greca όμμα, òmma, che significa occhio e χρὸμα, chròma, che significa colore. Dal punto di vista biochimico gli ommocromi sono prodotti dal metabolismo del triptofano, attraverso la chinurenina e la . Sono responsabili di una larga varietà di colori, che spaziano dal giallo al rosso e dal bruno al nero. I colori più soffusi e leggeri vengono prodotti dalle , mentre un miscuglio di ommatine e di è responsabile dei colori più marcati e più accesi. Nei ragni, in particolare, gli ommocromi sono depositati in granuli piccolissimi di pigmento dentro le cellule dell'ipodermide, immediatamente sotto la cuticola. (it)
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  • オモクローム(Ommochrome)は、甲殻類や昆虫の目で生じる数種類の生体色素である。目の色は、オモクロームによって決定される。また、頭足類の色素胞やクモでも見られる。 オモクロームは、トリプトファンからキヌレニン、3-ヒドロキシキヌレニンを経てできる代謝物質である。黄色、赤色から茶色、黒色まで、広い範囲の色の原因となる。明るい色は主にオマチンによって作られ、より暗い色はオマチンとオミンの混合物によって作られる。 クモでは、オモクロームは、クチクラのすぐ下の細胞中に色素顆粒として蓄えられる。 (ja)
  • Ommochrome (or visual pigment) refers to several biological pigments that occur in the eyes of crustaceans and insects. The eye color is determined by the ommochromes. Ommochromes are also found in the chromatophores of cephalopods, and in spiders. Ommochromes are metabolites of tryptophan, via kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine. They are responsible for a wide variety of colors, ranging from yellow over red and brown to black. Lighter colors tend to be generated by , while mixtures of ommatin and are responsible for darker colors. (en)
  • Il termine ommocromo comprende vari pigmenti biologici che si trovano negli occhi dei crostacei e degli insetti. Infatti è proprio il colore dell'occhio ad essere determinato dagli ommocromi. Sono stati rinvenuti anche nei dei Cefalopodi, e nei ragni. Il nome deriva dalla parola greca όμμα, òmma, che significa occhio e χρὸμα, chròma, che significa colore. Nei ragni, in particolare, gli ommocromi sono depositati in granuli piccolissimi di pigmento dentro le cellule dell'ipodermide, immediatamente sotto la cuticola. (it)
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  • Ommocromo (it)
  • オモクローム (ja)
  • Ommochrome (en)
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