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- In January 2017, scientists announced the possible discovery of mud cracks in Gale Crater on Mars. The Curiosity Rover imaged what may be the first mud cracks (desiccation cracks) ever found on Mars. They may have been formed from drying mud. The site, called “Old Soaker,” was within an exposure of Murray formation mudstone on lower Mount Sharp. It is hypothesized that these cracks formed more than 3 billion years ago and then were buried by more sediment. All this material eventually turned into rock. Later wind erosion removed the layers that covered the cracked layer. The cracks were filled with material which was resistant to later erosion. This erosion resistant material formed raised ridges, as some of the surrounding layer was removed. This is the first sighting of mud cracks. Previously, Curiosity has examined cracks and ridges of different shapes that were made by groundwater carrying minerals, such as calcium sulfate. Cracks for this process were caused by the pressure of overlying sediments fracturing rock. Gale Crater held ancient lakes that varied in depth and area over time, and sometimes disappeared. Mud cracks show that there were dry times when lakes disappeared. Besides this evidence of mud, Curiosity has found evidence of ancient lakes in older layers and also in younger mudstone. Nathan Stein, a graduate student at the California Institute of Technology led the investigation.
* Probable mud cracks appearing as ridges, as seen by Curiosity Rover.
* Close view of probable mud cracks appearing as ridges, as seen by Curiosity Rover. (en)
- 2017年1月，科学家们宣布有可能在火星盖尔撞击坑中发现了泥裂缝（Mud cracks）。好奇号漫游车拍摄到了火星上可能是第一个发现的泥裂缝（干燥裂缝），它们可能形成于干涸的泥浆。这处被称为“老水坑”的地点位于夏普山下部默里组泥岩暴露的范围内。 据推测，这些裂缝形成于30多亿年前，之后被更多的沉积物掩埋，所有这些材料最终都变成了岩石，再后来，风蚀剥去了覆盖在裂缝层的地层。裂缝中填满了耐后期侵蚀的物质，由于周边覆盖层被移除，这些抗侵蚀材料形成了凸起的棱脊。 这是首次看到的泥裂缝，此前，好奇号曾勘测过由地下水携带矿物质（如硫酸钙等）形成的不同形状的裂缝和突脊。产生的裂缝主要是上覆沉积物的压力所造成的岩石破裂。盖尔撞击坑保存有古老的湖泊遗迹，这些湖泊的深度和面积随时间而变化，有时甚至消失。泥裂缝表明，湖泊消失时曾出现过干旱期。除了这些淤泥证据外，好奇号在更古老地层和较年轻泥岩中发现了古湖泊的证据。加州理工学院的研究生内森·斯坦（Nathan Stein）主持了该项调查。
* 好奇号漫游车所看到呈脊状的可能泥裂缝。
* 近距离观察的脊状泥裂缝。 (zh)
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- 2017年1月，科学家们宣布有可能在火星盖尔撞击坑中发现了泥裂缝（Mud cracks）。好奇号漫游车拍摄到了火星上可能是第一个发现的泥裂缝（干燥裂缝），它们可能形成于干涸的泥浆。这处被称为“老水坑”的地点位于夏普山下部默里组泥岩暴露的范围内。 据推测，这些裂缝形成于30多亿年前，之后被更多的沉积物掩埋，所有这些材料最终都变成了岩石，再后来，风蚀剥去了覆盖在裂缝层的地层。裂缝中填满了耐后期侵蚀的物质，由于周边覆盖层被移除，这些抗侵蚀材料形成了凸起的棱脊。 这是首次看到的泥裂缝，此前，好奇号曾勘测过由地下水携带矿物质（如硫酸钙等）形成的不同形状的裂缝和突脊。产生的裂缝主要是上覆沉积物的压力所造成的岩石破裂。盖尔撞击坑保存有古老的湖泊遗迹，这些湖泊的深度和面积随时间而变化，有时甚至消失。泥裂缝表明，湖泊消失时曾出现过干旱期。除了这些淤泥证据外，好奇号在更古老地层和较年轻泥岩中发现了古湖泊的证据。加州理工学院的研究生内森·斯坦（Nathan Stein）主持了该项调查。
* 好奇号漫游车所看到呈脊状的可能泥裂缝。
* 近距离观察的脊状泥裂缝。 (zh)
- In January 2017, scientists announced the possible discovery of mud cracks in Gale Crater on Mars. The Curiosity Rover imaged what may be the first mud cracks (desiccation cracks) ever found on Mars. They may have been formed from drying mud. The site, called “Old Soaker,” was within an exposure of Murray formation mudstone on lower Mount Sharp.
* Probable mud cracks appearing as ridges, as seen by Curiosity Rover.
* Close view of probable mud cracks appearing as ridges, as seen by Curiosity Rover. (en)
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- Mud cracks on Mars (en)
- 火星泥裂缝 (zh)
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