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- Following is a list of all Article III United States federal judges appointed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during his presidency. In total Roosevelt appointed 194 Article III federal judges, more than twice as many as the previous record of 82 appointed by Calvin Coolidge. Among them were: nine justices to the Supreme Court of the United States, including the appointment of a sitting associate justice as chief justice, 51 judges to the United States Courts of Appeals, and 134 judges to the United States district courts. Additionally, 13 Article I federal judge appointments are listed, including 3 judges to the United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals, 4 judges to the United States Court of Claims and 6 judges to the United States Customs Court.
* Roosevelt appointee William O. Douglas was the longest-serving Supreme Court justice in U.S. history.
* Roosevelt elevated sitting Justice Harlan F. Stone to Chief Justice of the United States.
* Florence Ellinwood Allen, appointed by Roosevelt to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit, was the first woman appointed to a federal appellate court.
* Fred M. Vinson, appointed by Roosevelt to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, would later be appointed by President Truman to serve as Chief Justice of the United States. (en)
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