Colonel James Hughes CB (died 26 November 1845) was a British Army officer and politician. In 1803, then a captain in the 48th Foot, Hughes exchanged into the 18th Light Dragoons, the regiment in which he was to remain for the rest of his career. He purchased a majority in 1812, was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in 1815, and promoted brevet lieutenant-colonel in 1817 and colonel in 1837, the latter while on half-pay. On 16 March 1841, he married Frances Anna Jane Stanhope, daughter of Sir Francis Charles Stanhope and granddaughter of Charles Stanhope, 3rd Earl Stanhope.