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- Internal-loops (also termed interior loops) in RNA are found where the double stranded RNA separates due to no Watson-Crick-Franklin base pairing between the nucleotides. Internal-loops differ from Stem-loops as they occur in middle of a stretch of double stranded RNA. The non-canonicoal residues result in the double helix becoming distorted due to unwinding, unstacking and kinking. Internal-loops can be classified as either symmetrical or asymmetrical, with some asymmetrical internal-loops, also known as bulges. Many important structural motifs are composed of internal loops such as the C-loop,the docking-elbow,kink-turns (k-turn),the right-angle,the sarcin/ricin loops (also called bulged-G motifs),the twist-up motifand the UAA/GAN internal loop motif. (en)
- 內環結構（Internal loop）是一種RNA的高級結構，是RNA雙鏈中兩條鏈上對位的核苷酸殘基的鹼基無法配對產生的膨起環。內環分爲對稱和不對稱兩種。其中，對稱的內環是兩條鏈上對位的核苷酸殘基同時膨起產生的，而不對稱的內環結構中，只有一條鏈上有幾個核苷酸殘基膨起。對稱內環結構不是很穩定，一般只出現在RNA分子的移動過程中。而不對稱內環相對穩定。在核糖體RNA（rRNA）中就有較豐富的內環結構。 內環結構和莖環結構（髮卡結構）的區別在於，內環結構出現在RNA雙鏈的內部，「環」兩端都是閉合雙鏈。而莖環結構的「環」出現在雙鏈的一端。 (zh)
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- Gallery of RNA motifs that host internal loops (en)
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- 內環結構（Internal loop）是一種RNA的高級結構，是RNA雙鏈中兩條鏈上對位的核苷酸殘基的鹼基無法配對產生的膨起環。內環分爲對稱和不對稱兩種。其中，對稱的內環是兩條鏈上對位的核苷酸殘基同時膨起產生的，而不對稱的內環結構中，只有一條鏈上有幾個核苷酸殘基膨起。對稱內環結構不是很穩定，一般只出現在RNA分子的移動過程中。而不對稱內環相對穩定。在核糖體RNA（rRNA）中就有較豐富的內環結構。 內環結構和莖環結構（髮卡結構）的區別在於，內環結構出現在RNA雙鏈的內部，「環」兩端都是閉合雙鏈。而莖環結構的「環」出現在雙鏈的一端。 (zh)
- Internal-loops (also termed interior loops) in RNA are found where the double stranded RNA separates due to no Watson-Crick-Franklin base pairing between the nucleotides. Internal-loops differ from Stem-loops as they occur in middle of a stretch of double stranded RNA. The non-canonicoal residues result in the double helix becoming distorted due to unwinding, unstacking and kinking. (en)
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- Internal loop (en)
- 內環結構 (zh)
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