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The healthcare delivery system of Pakistan (تحفّظ صحتِ عامّہ ، پاکستان) is complex because it includes healthcare subsystems by federal governments and provincial governments competing with formal and informal private sector healthcare systems. Healthcare is delivered mainly through vertically managed disease-specific mechanisms. The different institutions that are responsible for this include: provincial and district health departments, parastatal organizations, social security institutions, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and private sector. The country's health sector is also marked by urban-rural disparities in healthcare delivery and an imbalance in the health workforce, with insufficient health managers, nurses, paramedics and skilled birth attendants in the peripheral areas. P

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  • يعَد نظام تقديم الرعاية الصحية في باكستان معقدًا لأنه يضم أنظمة الرعاية الصحية الفرعية التي تقدّمها الحكومة الفيدرالية والإقليمية التي تتنافس مع أنظمة الرعاية الصحية الرسمية وغير الرسمية في القطاع الخاص. تُقدم الرعاية الصحية بشكل أساسي من خلال آليات خاصة بكل مرض مدارة عموديًا. تضم المؤسسات المختلفة المسؤولة عن الرعاية الصحية: أقسام الرعاية الصحية الإقليمية والمنظمات شبه الحكومية ومؤسسات الأمن الاجتماعي والمنظمات غير الحكومية بالإضافة إلى القطاع الخاص. يتميّز قطاع الصحة في البلاد بتفاوت تقديم الرعاية الصحية بين المناطق الحضرية والريفية وعدم توازن القوى العاملة الصحية بينها بالإضافة إلى عدم كفاية مديري الصحة والممرضين والمساعدين الطبيين وقابلات التوليد الماهرات في المناطق النائية. بلغ الدخل القومي الإجمالي في الباكستان 5,041 دولار لكل فرد في عام 2013، وبلغ إجمالي النفقة على الرعاية الصحية 129 دولار لكل فرد، ليشكل 2.6% من الدخل القومي الإجمالي في الباكستان. (ar)
  • The healthcare delivery system of Pakistan (تحفّظ صحتِ عامّہ ، پاکستان) is complex because it includes healthcare subsystems by federal governments and provincial governments competing with formal and informal private sector healthcare systems. Healthcare is delivered mainly through vertically managed disease-specific mechanisms. The different institutions that are responsible for this include: provincial and district health departments, parastatal organizations, social security institutions, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and private sector. The country's health sector is also marked by urban-rural disparities in healthcare delivery and an imbalance in the health workforce, with insufficient health managers, nurses, paramedics and skilled birth attendants in the peripheral areas. Pakistan's gross national income per capita in 2021 was $4,990 and the total expenditure on health per capita in 2021 was Rs 657.2 Billions , constituting 1.4% of the country's GDP. The health care delivery system in Pakistan consists of public and private sectors. Under the constitution, health is primarily responsibility of the provincial government, except in the federally administrated areas. Health care delivery has traditionally been jointly administered by the federal and provincial governments with districts mainly responsible for implementation. Service delivery is being organized through preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative services. The curative and rehabilitative services are being provided mainly at the secondary and tertiary care facilities. Preventive and promotive services, on the other hand, are mainly provided through various national programs; and community health workers’ interfacing with the communities through primary healthcare facilities and outreach activities. The state provides healthcare through a three-tiered healthcare delivery system and a range of public health interventions. Some government/ semi government organizations like the armed forces, Sui Gas, WAPDA, Railways, Fauji Foundation, Employees Social Security Institution and NUST provide health service to their employees and their dependents through their own system, however, these collectively cover about 10% of the population. The private health sector constitutes a diverse group of doctors, nurses, pharmacists, traditional healers, drug vendors, as well as laboratory technicians, shopkeepers and unqualified practitioners. Despite the increase in public health facilities, Pakistan's population growth has generated an unmet need for healthcare. Public healthcare institutions that address critical health issues are often only located in major towns and cities. Due to the absence of these institutions and the cost associated with transportation, impoverished people living in rural and remote areas tend to consult private doctors. Studies have shown that Pakistan's private sector healthcare system is outperforming the public sector healthcare system in terms of service quality and patient satisfaction, with 70% of the population being served by the private health sector. The private health sector operates through a fee-for-service system of unregulated hospitals, medical practitioners, homeopathic doctors, hakeems, and other spiritual healers. In urban areas, some public-private partnerships exist for franchising private sector outlets and contributing to overall service delivery. Very few mechanisms exist to regulate the quality, standards, protocols, ethics, or prices within the private health sector, that results in disparities in health services. Even though nurses play a key role in any country's health care field, Pakistan has only 121,245 nurses to service a population of 229 million people, leaving a shortfall of nurses as per world health organisation estimates. As per the Economic Survey of Pakistan (2020-21), the country is spending 1.2% of the GDP on healthcare which is less than the healthcare expenditure recommended by WHO i.e. 5% of GDP. (en)
  • O sistema de saúde do Paquistão ( تحفّظ صحتِ عامّہ ، پاکستان‎ ) é complexo, pois inclui subsistemas de saúde dos governos federais e provinciais, que competem com o setor privado, tanto formal quanto informal. Os serviços de saúde são prestados principalmente através de mecanismos verticais para controlar doenças específicas. As diferentes instituições responsáveis por isso incluem: departamentos de saúde provinciais e distritais, organizações estatais, instituições de segurança social, organizações não governamentais (ONGs) e o setor privado. O setor de saúde do país também é marcado por disparidades urbano-rurais na prestação dos serviços de saúde, além de um desequilíbrio nos profissionais de saúde, com gestores de saúde, enfermeiras, paramédicos e parteiras qualificadas insuficientes nas áreas periféricas. O rendimento nacional bruto per capita do Paquistão em 2013 foi de $5.041, e a despesa total com saúde per capita em 2014 foi de $129, constituindo 2,6% do PIB do país. O Paquistão assinou os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio das Nações Unidas (ODM) em 2000, adotando 16 metas e 37 indicadores, fixados pela da ONU, para atingir os oito objetivos até 2015. Depois de se tornar um órgão participativo nos ODMs, o governo do Paquistão reestruturou a política nacional de saúde em 2001 e começou programas com abordagens preventivas e serviços de saúde. O setor público foi liderado pelo até junho de 2011, quando foi abolido e todas as responsabilidades de saúde (principalmente planejamento e alocação de fundos) foram transferidas para os departamentos de saúde provinciais. O foi restabelecido em abril de 2012, relocando o fornecimento e a implementação de serviços de saúde para um órgão federal. O setor público de saúde consiste em 10.000 unidades de saúde, com unidades básicas de saúde (UBS), que atendem cerca de 10.000 pessoas; e centros de saúde rurais (RHCs), que atendem cerca de 30.000 a 45.000 pessoas. As iniciativas implementadas pelo estado, incluindo o Programa de Ação Social e o Programa Nacional de Planejamento Familiar e Atenção Primária à Saúde, têm como objetivo fornecer às comunidades vários serviços de extensão relacionados à saúde reprodutiva, saúde materno-infantil, e encaminhamento de pacientes de alto risco para instalações especializadas. Apesar do aumento nas instalações de saúde pública, o crescimento da população paquistanesa gerou uma demanda que não foi atendida pelo sistema de saúde. As instituições públicas de saúde que tratam de problemas sérios geralmente estão localizadas apenas nas grandes cidades. Devido à escassez dessas instituições e ao custo do transporte, pessoas pobres que vivem em áreas rurais e remotas tendem a consultar médicos particulares. Estudos têm mostrado que o sistema de saúde privado do Paquistão está superando o sistema de saúde público em termos de qualidade de serviço e satisfação do paciente, com 70% da população sendo atendida pelo setor privado. O setor privado opera por meio de um sistema de taxa por serviço de hospitais não regulamentados, médicos, homeopatas, e outros . Nas áreas urbanas, existem algumas parcerias público-privadas para franquear pontos de venda do setor privado e contribuir para a prestação de serviços em geral. Existem muito poucos mecanismos para regular a qualidade, os padrões, os protocolos, a ética ou os preços no setor privado de saúde, o que resulta em disparidades nos serviços de saúde. Mesmo que as enfermeiras desempenhem um papel fundamental no campo da saúde de qualquer país, o Paquistão tem apenas 75.000 enfermeiras para atender uma população de 200 milhões de pessoas, criando um déficit de cerca de um milhão de enfermeiras, de acordo com as estimativas da Organização Mundial de Saúde. De acordo com a Pesquisa Econômica do Paquistão (2020-21), o país está gastando apenas 1,2% do PIB em saúde, 3,8% a menos do que as despesas de saúde recomendadas pela OMS, 5% do PIB. (pt)
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  • يعَد نظام تقديم الرعاية الصحية في باكستان معقدًا لأنه يضم أنظمة الرعاية الصحية الفرعية التي تقدّمها الحكومة الفيدرالية والإقليمية التي تتنافس مع أنظمة الرعاية الصحية الرسمية وغير الرسمية في القطاع الخاص. تُقدم الرعاية الصحية بشكل أساسي من خلال آليات خاصة بكل مرض مدارة عموديًا. بلغ الدخل القومي الإجمالي في الباكستان 5,041 دولار لكل فرد في عام 2013، وبلغ إجمالي النفقة على الرعاية الصحية 129 دولار لكل فرد، ليشكل 2.6% من الدخل القومي الإجمالي في الباكستان. (ar)
  • The healthcare delivery system of Pakistan (تحفّظ صحتِ عامّہ ، پاکستان) is complex because it includes healthcare subsystems by federal governments and provincial governments competing with formal and informal private sector healthcare systems. Healthcare is delivered mainly through vertically managed disease-specific mechanisms. The different institutions that are responsible for this include: provincial and district health departments, parastatal organizations, social security institutions, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and private sector. The country's health sector is also marked by urban-rural disparities in healthcare delivery and an imbalance in the health workforce, with insufficient health managers, nurses, paramedics and skilled birth attendants in the peripheral areas. P (en)
  • O sistema de saúde do Paquistão ( تحفّظ صحتِ عامّہ ، پاکستان‎ ) é complexo, pois inclui subsistemas de saúde dos governos federais e provinciais, que competem com o setor privado, tanto formal quanto informal. Os serviços de saúde são prestados principalmente através de mecanismos verticais para controlar doenças específicas. As diferentes instituições responsáveis por isso incluem: departamentos de saúde provinciais e distritais, organizações estatais, instituições de segurança social, organizações não governamentais (ONGs) e o setor privado. O setor de saúde do país também é marcado por disparidades urbano-rurais na prestação dos serviços de saúde, além de um desequilíbrio nos profissionais de saúde, com gestores de saúde, enfermeiras, paramédicos e parteiras qualificadas insuficientes n (pt)
rdfs:label
  • Healthcare in Pakistan (en)
  • الرعاية الصحية في باكستان (ar)
  • Sistema de saúde no Paquistão (pt)
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