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- La geología de Puerto Rico se puede dividir en tres principales «provincias» geológicas: la Cordillera Central, el Carbonato y las Tierras Bajas Costeras. Puerto Rico es compuesta de rocas volcánicas y plutónicas del Jurásico al Eoceno. Por encima de estas hay una capa de rocas más jóvenes del Oligoceno hasta llegar a las más recientes, las rocas carbonáticas y demás rocas sedimentarias. La mayoría de las cuevas y topografía karst en la isla ocurre dentro del norte del Oligoceno y carbonatos más recientes. Las rocas más viejas tienen una edad de aproximadamente 190 millones de años viejos (del Jurásico) y están localizadas en la Sierra Bermeja en la parte suroeste de la isla. Estas rocas pueden representar parte de la corteza oceánica y se cree que provienen del reino marino del océano Pacífico. Durante el período Carbonífero, Puerto Rico estuvo sumergida. (es)
- The Geology of Puerto Rico "can be divided into three major geologic provinces: The Cordillera Central, the Carbonate, and the Coastal Lowlands." Puerto Rico is composed of Jurassic to Eocene volcanic and plutonic rocks, which are overlain by younger Oligocene to recent carbonates and other sedimentary rocks. Most of the caverns and karst topography on the island occurs in the northern Oligocene to recent carbonates. The oldest rocks are approximately 190 million years old (Jurassic) and are located at Sierra Bermeja in the southwest part of the island. These rocks may represent part of the oceanic crust and are believed to come from the Pacific Ocean realm. During the Carboniferous period, Puerto Rico was submerged. Puerto Rico lies at the boundary between the Caribbean and North American plates. This means that it is currently being deformed by the tectonic stresses caused by the interaction of these plates. These stresses may cause earthquakes and tsunamis. These seismic events, along with landslides, represent some of the most dangerous geologic hazards in the island and in the northeastern Caribbean. The largest, most recent major earthquake occurred on October 11, 1918 and had an estimated magnitude of 7.5 on the Richter scale. It originated off the coast of Aguadilla and was accompanied by a tsunami. On September 24, 2019 an earthquake over 6.0 was recorded 49 miles off the island's northwest coast at a shallow depth of 6 miles. It was recorded by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) organization. Lying about 75 miles (120 km) north of Puerto Rico in the Atlantic Ocean at the boundary between the Caribbean and North American plates is the Puerto Rico Trench, the largest and deepest trench in the Atlantic. The trench is 1,090 miles (1,754 km) long and about 60 miles (97 km) wide. At its deepest point (named Milwaukee Depth), it is 27,493 feet (8,380 m) deep. At this trench the North American plate is being subducted by the Caribbean plate. This subduction zone is responsible for the volcanism of the West Indies to the southeast of Puerto Rico. A major transform fault extends from the Puerto Rico trench along the northern coast of Puerto Rico and on through the Cayman Trough to the coast of Central America. Approximately 50 miles ESE of Fajardo, Puerto Rico, past the island of Vieques and approximately 20 miles south of Saint Thomas in the US Virgin Islands, can be found the , which in places exceeds 14,000 feet in depth. (en)
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- La geología de Puerto Rico se puede dividir en tres principales «provincias» geológicas: la Cordillera Central, el Carbonato y las Tierras Bajas Costeras. Puerto Rico es compuesta de rocas volcánicas y plutónicas del Jurásico al Eoceno. Por encima de estas hay una capa de rocas más jóvenes del Oligoceno hasta llegar a las más recientes, las rocas carbonáticas y demás rocas sedimentarias. Durante el período Carbonífero, Puerto Rico estuvo sumergida. (es)
- The Geology of Puerto Rico "can be divided into three major geologic provinces: The Cordillera Central, the Carbonate, and the Coastal Lowlands." Puerto Rico is composed of Jurassic to Eocene volcanic and plutonic rocks, which are overlain by younger Oligocene to recent carbonates and other sedimentary rocks. Most of the caverns and karst topography on the island occurs in the northern Oligocene to recent carbonates. The oldest rocks are approximately 190 million years old (Jurassic) and are located at Sierra Bermeja in the southwest part of the island. These rocks may represent part of the oceanic crust and are believed to come from the Pacific Ocean realm. (en)
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- Geology of Puerto Rico (en)
- Geología de Puerto Rico (es)
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