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- A gap surface plasmon (or gap plasmon) is a guided electromagnetic wave which propagates in a transparent medium located between two extremely close metallic regions. Propagating in a gap between metals forces light to propagate partially inside the metallic regions, causing the gap plasmon to slow down. The velocity of the gap-plasmon can be modulated by changing the thickness of the gap even by a few nanometers. A gap-plasmon is a guided mode, a solution of Maxwell's equations without source. It is the form under which light propagates inside an extremely thin gap between two metals (having the same nature or not). As a gap plasmon, the electromagnetic wave can propagate up to four to five times slower than in vacuum. Such a guided mode only exists for parallel to the interface magnetic fields (p polarization). The distance between the metallic area has to be typically smaller than 50 nm in order to noticeably slow the guided mode. Actually, the GAP plasmon propagates partially inside the metal : the field of the GAP plasmon penetrates the metal to a depth of typically 25 nm, called the skin depth. A slow guided mode presents a short effective wavelength and so a very large wave vector (noted kx when the wave propagates along an Ox axis). As the thickness of the dielectric region decreases, the gap-plasmon is slowed by the metal and its effective index (as well as its wavevector) increases, while its effective wavelength shrinks. Devices based on gap-plasmon, such as resonators, present a typical size which is of the order of the effective wavelength. Gap-plasmon resonators have in general a reduced size compared to the wavelength of light in vacuum. Such a miniaturization is particularly sought after in plasmonics. (en)
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- A gap surface plasmon (or gap plasmon) is a guided electromagnetic wave which propagates in a transparent medium located between two extremely close metallic regions. Propagating in a gap between metals forces light to propagate partially inside the metallic regions, causing the gap plasmon to slow down. The velocity of the gap-plasmon can be modulated by changing the thickness of the gap even by a few nanometers. (en)
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