| dbo:abstract
|
- Empress Dowager Gou (苟太后, personal name unknown) was an empress dowager of the Chinese/Di state Former Qin. Her husband was Fu Xiong (苻雄), the Prince of Donghai and brother of the founding emperor Fu Jiàn. She became empress dowager in 357 after her son Fu Jiān (note different tone) seized power in a coup from his tyrannical cousin Fu Sheng (Fu Jiàn's son) and claimed the title "Heavenly Prince" (Tian Wang). In addition to Fu Jiān, she had at least one other son with Fu Xiong, Fu Shuang (苻雙) the Duke of Zhao. Empress Dowager Gou had been widowed in 354 when Fu Xiong died. It is commonly believed that after her husband's death, she carried on an affair with her cousin Li Wei (李威), whom Fu Jiān treated effectively like a second father. Around the new year 358, Empress Dowager Gou saw that Fu Jiān's older brother Fu Fa (苻法) the Duke of Donghai (not her son) had many visitors, and she became concerned that if he became increasingly powerful, he would pose a threat to Fu Jiān, and therefore she, after consulting with Li, ordered Fu Fa to commit suicide. This incident showed that she had substantial power during Fu Jiān's early reign. However, after this incident, her power appeared to begin to gradually dissipate, and few references were made of her from this point on. In late 367, Fu Shuang, in conjunction with Fu Sheng's brothers Fu Liu (苻柳) the Duke of Jin, Fu Sou (苻廋) the Duke of Wei, and Fu Wu (苻武) the Duke of Yan, rebelled and sought Former Yan aid, threatening to tear Former Qin apart, but after Former Qin's regent Murong Ping refused them aid, the rebels collapsed in 368—and after the incident, Fu Liu's family was killed, while Fu Wu and Fu Shuang's sons were spared but not allowed to inherit their titles—while Fu Sou, who was ordered to commit suicide, had all of his sons spared and created dukes, and this led to one of the few references to her, as she questioned Fu Jiān why he did not permit Fu Shuang's title to be retained while permitted Fu Sou's sons to have duke titles. Fu Jiān's response was that the empire was built by Fu Jiàn, and that his sons must all have heirs, and that Fu Shuang, in rebelling, abandoned both his empire and his mother and therefore did not deserve an heir. No other act of Empress Dowager Gou was mentioned in history. The final reference to her was in 371, when Fu Jiān was out hunting and stayed at the hunt for more than 10 days, and an actor named Wang Luo (王洛) tried to persuade him to end his hunt by telling him that he should be mindful of the empress dowager's welfare, implying that she was still alive then. It is not known when she died. (en)
- 苟太后，中國十六国之前秦太后，她的丈夫是开国皇帝苻健的弟弟东海王苻雄。357年，她的儿子苻坚杀死皇帝苻生（苻健的儿子），自称天王。尊母亲为太后。她的儿子还有赵公苻雙。 苟太后从354年，苻雄死后就开始孀居，她和自己姑姑的儿子李威有染，苻坚待李威就像父亲一样。358年，苟太后说苻坚的哥哥东海公苻法有许多门客，他可能威胁苻坚的王位。她命令苻法自杀。此事显示太后在苻坚前期有很大的权力。但此事之后，她的影响有所减弱。367年，苻雙和苻生的兄弟晋公苻柳、魏公苻廋、燕公苻武起兵反对苻坚。他们想联络前燕，结果前燕的执政者慕容评拒绝了。368年，叛乱被平定，苻柳全家被杀，苻雙、苻武的儿子被赦免只是贬为庶民。苻廋自杀，他的儿子还是公爵。苟太后问苻坚为什么贬抑苻雙的后代，保留苻廋后代的爵位。苻坚说国家是苻健创立的，不能使他无后，但是，苻雙背叛国家和母亲，应该依法治罪。371年，苻坚在邺城打猎超过了10天，伶人劝谏苻坚回宫的时候，说“其如宗庙何！其如太后何！”暗示这时太后还活着。 (zh)
|
