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- Club Baths was a chain of gay bathhouses in the United States and Canada with particular prominence from the 1960s through the 1990s. At its peak it included 42 bathhouses: Akron, Atlanta, Atlantic City, Baltimore, Boston, Buffalo, Camden NJ, Chicago, Cleveland (two locations), Columbus Ohio, Dallas, Dayton, Detroit, Hartford, Houston, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Kansas City, Missouri, Key West, Los Angeles, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis ("opening soon"), New Haven ("opening soon"), New York, Newark, New Jersey, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Providence, St. Louis, San Francisco, Tampa, Toledo, Ohio, Washington DC, London Ontario, and Toronto. The chain claimed to have at least 500,000 members. Most of the bathhouses were closed in the 1990s either by government agencies or a changing market after charges were made that it contributed to the spread of AIDS. The Club was founded in 1965 by John W. Campbell (generally known as "Jack") (born 1932) and two other investors who paid $15,000 to buy a closed Finnish bath house in Cleveland, Ohio. Campbell wanted to provide cleaner, brighter amenities which were a contrast to the dark, dirty environment that existed previously. Campbell, a former president of the University of Michigan Young Democrats and a member of the Cleveland Mattachine Society, was active in and was on the Board of the National Gay Task Force. At one point while encountering Troy Perry, founder of the Metropolitan Community Church, Perry was said to have told him "we have a hundred churches and a total of 30,000 members." Campbell replied, "Well, although we only have thirty churches, we have 300,000 members." Campbell would be active in the Save Our Children campaign against Anita Bryant in the 1970s. The facility in Toronto, Ontario, was one of four bathhouses raided on February 5, 1981, in a police action known as Operation Soap. Bathhouses that today claim a Club Baths heritage include the CBC Resorts Club Body Center which has bathhouses in Miami, Florida, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Providence, Rhode Island. and The Clubs which has facilities in Cleveland, Columbus, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Dallas, Texas, Houston, Texas, Indianapolis, Indiana, Orlando, Florida and St. Louis, Missouri. (en)
- Club Baths fue una cadena de saunas gay de Estados Unidos y Canadá, con especial presencia, a partir de la década de 1960 hasta la de 1990. En su apogeo, incluyó 42 saunas en: Akron, Atlanta, Atlantic City, Baltimore, Boston, Buffalo, Camden (Nueva Jersey), Chicago, Cleveland (dos ubicaciones), Columbus Ohio, Dallas, Dayton, Detroit, Hartford, Houston, Indianápolis, Jacksonville, Kansas City (Misuri), Cayo Hueso, Los Ángeles, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis («próxima apertura»), New Haven («próxima apertura»), Nueva York, Newark (Nueva Jersey), Filadelfia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Providence, St. Louis, San Francisco, Tampa, Toledo, Ohio, Washington DC, London (Ontario) y Toronto. La cadena afirmó tener al menos 500 000 miembros. La mayoría de los saunas fueron cerrados en la década de 1990 por agencias gubernamentales, o a causa de un mercado cambiante, tras acusaciones de que las casas de baños habrían contribuido a la propagación del SIDA . El Club fue fundado en 1965 por John W. Campbell, generalmente conocido como «Jack» y nacido en 1932, junto a otros dos inversionistas quienes pusieron 15 000 dólares estadounidenses para comprar un sauna finlandés cerrado en Cleveland, Ohio. Campbell quería proporcionar instalaciones más limpias y brillantes, que contrastaran con el entorno oscuro y sucio que existía a su alrededor. Campbell, expresidente de la Universidad de Míchigan para Jóvenes Demócratas y miembro de la Sociedad Mattachine de Cleveland, participó activamente en la política gay y formó parte de la Junta del National Gay Task Force (en español: Grupo de Trabajo Nacional Gay). En un momento dado, mientras se encontraba con Troy Perry, fundador de la , se dijo que Perry le había dicho «tenemos cien iglesias y un total de 30 000 miembros». Campbell respondió: «Bueno, aunque sólo tenemos treinta iglesias, tenemos 300 000 miembros». Campbell participaría activamente contra la campaña Save Our Children de la activista homofóbica Anita Bryant en la década de 1970. La instalación en Toronto, Ontario, fue uno de los cuatro saunas allanados el 5 de febrero de 1981, en una acción policial conocida como Operación Jabón. Entre los saunas que hoy reclaman ser herederos de Club Baths, están CBC Resorts Club Body Center, con casas de baño en Miami, Florida, Filadelfia, Pensilvania y Providence, Rhode Island. y The Clubs, con sucursales en Cleveland, Columbus, Fort Lauderdale (Florida), Dallas (Texas), Houston (Texas), Indianápolis (Indiana), Orlando (Florida) y St. Louis (Misuri). (es)
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- Club Baths was a chain of gay bathhouses in the United States and Canada with particular prominence from the 1960s through the 1990s. At its peak it included 42 bathhouses: Akron, Atlanta, Atlantic City, Baltimore, Boston, Buffalo, Camden NJ, Chicago, Cleveland (two locations), Columbus Ohio, Dallas, Dayton, Detroit, Hartford, Houston, Indianapolis, Jacksonville, Kansas City, Missouri, Key West, Los Angeles, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis ("opening soon"), New Haven ("opening soon"), New York, Newark, New Jersey, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Providence, St. Louis, San Francisco, Tampa, Toledo, Ohio, Washington DC, London Ontario, and Toronto. (en)
- Club Baths fue una cadena de saunas gay de Estados Unidos y Canadá, con especial presencia, a partir de la década de 1960 hasta la de 1990. En su apogeo, incluyó 42 saunas en: Akron, Atlanta, Atlantic City, Baltimore, Boston, Buffalo, Camden (Nueva Jersey), Chicago, Cleveland (dos ubicaciones), Columbus Ohio, Dallas, Dayton, Detroit, Hartford, Houston, Indianápolis, Jacksonville, Kansas City (Misuri), Cayo Hueso, Los Ángeles, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis («próxima apertura»), New Haven («próxima apertura»), Nueva York, Newark (Nueva Jersey), Filadelfia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Providence, St. Louis, San Francisco, Tampa, Toledo, Ohio, Washington DC, London (Ontario) y Toronto. (es)
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