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- Cigu Niru (Manchu: ᠴᡳᡤᡠᠨᡳᡵᡠ, Chinese: 旗鼓佐領) was a type of military unit of Qing China. It was one of the of the Qing army. The Cigu Niru consisted of ethnic Han soldiers who joined the Qing army in the early stage of its rise to power. Cigu Niru was one of the three Nirus that is affiliated with the Imperial Household Department. Its members belonged to the rank of Booi Aha. This niru, just like all the other Nirus of the Imperial household, should not be confused with the banners of the Eight Banners system. Banners and Nirus may cooperate with each other in particular cases; however, they were administratively parallel. , the banners of Han soldiers in the Eight Banners system, was demographically identical with Cigu Niru although they were two different military units. Many ethnic Han Cigu Niru obtained their political status during the reign of Qing dynasty. For example, the Cao clan and Gao clan of Cigu Niru. Cao Xueqin, the author of "Dream of Red Chamber", was a member of Cigu Niru. Gao E, the main editor of Cao's work, also came from Cigu Niru. In terms of civil service, members of Cigu Niru were treated like their ethnic Manchu comrade-in-arms. However, in the imperial examination, members of this niru did not enjoy the privilege that Manchus and Mongols had. The Manchu and Mongol members of niru had a better chance of passing the exam since they were separated from the large pool of Han participants of the exam. Essentially, when a Cigu Niru took the imperial examination, he was classified as a Han due to his ancestry although he has close ties to the Manchus. This racial inequality also existed in terms of military service. Exceptionally, members of Cigu Niru were treated equally in, and only in, the imperial household department where their promotions would not be influenced by their racial background. In total, there were 18 Cigu Nirus of the imperial household department. After the in 1742, 10 Cigu Nirus remained in service. (en)
- 旗鼓佐领（满语：ᠴᡳᡤᡠᠨᡳᡵᡠ，穆麟德轉寫：cigu niru）是包衣佐领人的一种，由早期归附的汉姓人丁组成，所以又称“包衣汉军”或“旗鼓汉军”，有时直接简称为“汉军”，内务府三旗的旗鼓佐领亦称“内务府汉军”。但是，旗鼓佐领并不是汉军八旗的一部分。根据《八旗通志·旗份志》中的记载，旗鼓佐领隶属于满洲八旗包衣参领之下。不过，因內務府三旗包衣佐領在行政系統上獨立於滿洲八旗，所以内务府旗鼓佐领下人的旗籍不冠上滿洲旗，而為單純的「內務府旗籍」，僅在少數與八旗類同的事務才歸管理。 (zh)
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- 旗鼓佐领（满语：ᠴᡳᡤᡠᠨᡳᡵᡠ，穆麟德轉寫：cigu niru）是包衣佐领人的一种，由早期归附的汉姓人丁组成，所以又称“包衣汉军”或“旗鼓汉军”，有时直接简称为“汉军”，内务府三旗的旗鼓佐领亦称“内务府汉军”。但是，旗鼓佐领并不是汉军八旗的一部分。根据《八旗通志·旗份志》中的记载，旗鼓佐领隶属于满洲八旗包衣参领之下。不过，因內務府三旗包衣佐領在行政系統上獨立於滿洲八旗，所以内务府旗鼓佐领下人的旗籍不冠上滿洲旗，而為單純的「內務府旗籍」，僅在少數與八旗類同的事務才歸管理。 (zh)
- Cigu Niru (Manchu: ᠴᡳᡤᡠᠨᡳᡵᡠ, Chinese: 旗鼓佐領) was a type of military unit of Qing China. It was one of the of the Qing army. The Cigu Niru consisted of ethnic Han soldiers who joined the Qing army in the early stage of its rise to power. Many ethnic Han Cigu Niru obtained their political status during the reign of Qing dynasty. For example, the Cao clan and Gao clan of Cigu Niru. Cao Xueqin, the author of "Dream of Red Chamber", was a member of Cigu Niru. Gao E, the main editor of Cao's work, also came from Cigu Niru. (en)
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