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- Die Baohuanghui , Gesellschaft zum Schutz des Kaisers, war eine politische Partei mit dem Ziel, China durch grundlegende Reformen zu stärken und den inhaftierten „Reformkaiser“ Guangxu wieder an die Macht zu bringen. (de)
- The Chinese Empire Reform Association (Chinese: 保救大清皇帝會; lit. 'Society to Protect the Emperor of the Great Qing'), or Baohuang Hui (Chinese: 保皇會) in short, was an organization active mostly outside of Qing China that intended to support the Guangxu Emperor in his return to power in the Chinese Empire, which had been taken in a coup by Empress Dowager Cixi. It was formed in Victoria, British Columbia - where its named building still stands - on 20 July 1899 by Kang Youwei who had fled China to escape the death penalty. At its peak the association had chapters in 150 cities worldwide. In 1900, the Chinese Empire Reform Association plotted with domestic correspondents to engineer an armed uprising in China, taking advantage of the chaos of the Eight-Nation Alliance marching on Beijing. The Association's promised funds were delayed, however, with some (such as Liang Qichao) accusing Kang of deliberately withholding funds due to his disagreement with the more radical co-conspirators such as Sun Yat-sen. This resulted in some cells starting action as originally planned while others stayed put, and the conspiracy was discovered by Qing authorities. Tang Caichang, the designated leader of the uprising in Hankou, was executed by the Qing government. After suing for peace with the foreign powers, the Qing court softened its resistance to constitutional reform, so the Reform Association's platform shifted to co-operating with the push for top-down reform in China. Its main perceived threat changed to the republican revolutionaries led by Sun Yat-sen. In 1906, the Qing government adopted the policy of establishing a constitutional monarchy by 1911. Kang Youwei declared that the Association's goals were accomplished, and in 1907 it changed its Chinese name to the "Empire Constitutionalist Association" (帝國憲政會), which was much closer to the association's English name. In its new incarnation, the Association aligned itself with the Qing court and opposed the republicans. In 1910, the Association reorganised itself into the political party "Empire Unity Party" (帝國統一黨), which was the first officially registered political party in China, later renamed the "Friends of the Constitution Association" (憲友會). After the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912, some members of Association went on to form new political parties that participated in elections to the republican parliament, while Kang himself agitated for restoration of monarchy, including organising the brief Manchu Restoration of 1917. The bulk of the "Friends of the Constitution Association" became the Democratic Party, which merged into the Progressive Party in 1913. (en)
- 保皇会（英語：Chinese Empire Reform Association），是康有为、梁启超等人在中国清朝末年创建政治团体，以鼓吹君主立宪制为主要纲领，全稱“保救大清皇帝會”，但其英文名并不對應，意為“中華帝國改良協會”。康有为在戊戌变法失败后流亡国外。光绪25年六月十三（1899年7月20日），康有为在加拿大維多利亞创设保皇会，又名中国维新会。保皇会计划在北美、东南亚、香港、日本等地设立分会，机关报为澳门《知新报》和横滨《清议报》。 保皇会初期目的是营救光绪帝，取代慈禧、荣禄、刚毅等。1900年，义和团兴起引致八国联军进军北京，保皇会遂计划以此为契机，争取各国支持以营救光绪帝，并与国内的唐才常联系，拟在武汉发动自立军起义。由于保皇会的经费未能及时到位，自立军起义被迫推迟，并于8月21日被破获，唐才常死难。 此后，由于清政府对于立宪的态度逐渐软化，保皇会开始在国内与岑春煊等人互相呼应，推进合法的立宪运动。逐渐转向敵視孙中山领导的革命派。1906年清政府宣布实行预备立宪，康有为遂宣告保皇会任务完成。1907年，保皇会改组为帝国宪政会，英文名未改。 (zh)
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- Society to Protect the Emperor of the Great Qing (en)
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- Chinese Empire Reform Association (en)
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- Center to centre-right (en)
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- Friends of the Constitution Association (en)
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- Die Baohuanghui , Gesellschaft zum Schutz des Kaisers, war eine politische Partei mit dem Ziel, China durch grundlegende Reformen zu stärken und den inhaftierten „Reformkaiser“ Guangxu wieder an die Macht zu bringen. (de)
- 保皇会（英語：Chinese Empire Reform Association），是康有为、梁启超等人在中国清朝末年创建政治团体，以鼓吹君主立宪制为主要纲领，全稱“保救大清皇帝會”，但其英文名并不對應，意為“中華帝國改良協會”。康有为在戊戌变法失败后流亡国外。光绪25年六月十三（1899年7月20日），康有为在加拿大維多利亞创设保皇会，又名中国维新会。保皇会计划在北美、东南亚、香港、日本等地设立分会，机关报为澳门《知新报》和横滨《清议报》。 保皇会初期目的是营救光绪帝，取代慈禧、荣禄、刚毅等。1900年，义和团兴起引致八国联军进军北京，保皇会遂计划以此为契机，争取各国支持以营救光绪帝，并与国内的唐才常联系，拟在武汉发动自立军起义。由于保皇会的经费未能及时到位，自立军起义被迫推迟，并于8月21日被破获，唐才常死难。 此后，由于清政府对于立宪的态度逐渐软化，保皇会开始在国内与岑春煊等人互相呼应，推进合法的立宪运动。逐渐转向敵視孙中山领导的革命派。1906年清政府宣布实行预备立宪，康有为遂宣告保皇会任务完成。1907年，保皇会改组为帝国宪政会，英文名未改。 (zh)
- The Chinese Empire Reform Association (Chinese: 保救大清皇帝會; lit. 'Society to Protect the Emperor of the Great Qing'), or Baohuang Hui (Chinese: 保皇會) in short, was an organization active mostly outside of Qing China that intended to support the Guangxu Emperor in his return to power in the Chinese Empire, which had been taken in a coup by Empress Dowager Cixi. It was formed in Victoria, British Columbia - where its named building still stands - on 20 July 1899 by Kang Youwei who had fled China to escape the death penalty. At its peak the association had chapters in 150 cities worldwide. (en)
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- Chinese Empire Reform Association (en)
- Baohuanghui (de)
- 保皇会 (zh)
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