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- The chameleon is a hypothetical scalar particle that couples to matter more weakly than gravity, postulated as a dark energy candidate. Due to a non-linear self-interaction, it has a variable effective mass which is an increasing function of the ambient energy density—as a result, the range of the force mediated by the particle is predicted to be very small in regions of high density (for example on Earth, where it is less than 1mm) but much larger in low-density intergalactic regions: out in the cosmos chameleon models permit a range of up to several thousand parsecs. As a result of this variable mass, the hypothetical fifth force mediated by the chameleon is able to evade current constraints on equivalence principle violation derived from terrestrial experiments even if it couples to matter with a strength equal or greater than that of gravity. Although this property would allow the chameleon to drive the currently observed acceleration of the universe's expansion, it also makes it very difficult to test for experimentally. In 2021, physicists suggested that an excess reported at the dark matter detector experiment XENON1T rather that being a dark matter candidate could be a dark energy candidate particularly chameleon particles yet in July 2022 a new analysis by XENONnT discarded the excess. (en)
- El camaleón es una hipotética con una auto-interacción no lineal que le dota de una masa efectiva dependiente del entorno, de la presencia de otros campos. Podría tener una masa pequeña en la mayor parte del espacio intergaláctico pero su masa aumentaría cuanto más cerca se encuentre de una fuente de campo gravitatorio, por lo que su detención es complicada.El camaleón es un posible candidato para resolver el problema de la energía oscura y la materia oscura. (es)
- 카멜레온 입자는 이론적인 스칼라 입자이며 일반적인 물질보다 중력에 더 약하게 반응하기 때문에 암흑 물질 후보이기도 하다. (ko)
- Хамелео́н — гипотетическая элементарная частица, скалярный бозон с нелинейным самодействием, которое делает эффективную массу частицы зависящей от окружения. Такая частица может иметь малую массу в межгалактическом пространстве и большую — в экспериментах на Земле. Хамелеон — возможный носитель тёмной энергии и составная часть тёмной материи, возможная причина ускорения расширения Вселенной. (ru)
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- Variable, depending on ambient energy density (en)
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- El camaleón es una hipotética con una auto-interacción no lineal que le dota de una masa efectiva dependiente del entorno, de la presencia de otros campos. Podría tener una masa pequeña en la mayor parte del espacio intergaláctico pero su masa aumentaría cuanto más cerca se encuentre de una fuente de campo gravitatorio, por lo que su detención es complicada.El camaleón es un posible candidato para resolver el problema de la energía oscura y la materia oscura. (es)
- 카멜레온 입자는 이론적인 스칼라 입자이며 일반적인 물질보다 중력에 더 약하게 반응하기 때문에 암흑 물질 후보이기도 하다. (ko)
- Хамелео́н — гипотетическая элементарная частица, скалярный бозон с нелинейным самодействием, которое делает эффективную массу частицы зависящей от окружения. Такая частица может иметь малую массу в межгалактическом пространстве и большую — в экспериментах на Земле. Хамелеон — возможный носитель тёмной энергии и составная часть тёмной материи, возможная причина ускорения расширения Вселенной. (ru)
- The chameleon is a hypothetical scalar particle that couples to matter more weakly than gravity, postulated as a dark energy candidate. Due to a non-linear self-interaction, it has a variable effective mass which is an increasing function of the ambient energy density—as a result, the range of the force mediated by the particle is predicted to be very small in regions of high density (for example on Earth, where it is less than 1mm) but much larger in low-density intergalactic regions: out in the cosmos chameleon models permit a range of up to several thousand parsecs. As a result of this variable mass, the hypothetical fifth force mediated by the chameleon is able to evade current constraints on equivalence principle violation derived from terrestrial experiments even if it couples to mat (en)
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- Camaleón (partícula) (es)
- Chameleon particle (en)
- 카멜레온 입자 (ko)
- Хамелеон (частица) (ru)
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