About: By-elections to the House of Lords

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dbo:abstract	Following the enactment of the House of Lords Act 1999, the number of hereditary peers entitled to sit in the House of Lords was reduced to ninety-two. Ninety of the first ninety-two were elected by all the hereditary peers before the passing of the reform. Since November 2002, by-elections have been held to fill vacancies left by deaths, resignations or disqualifications of those peers. Since the passing of the House of Lords Reform Act 2014, by-elections have also been held to fill vacancies left by the retirements of those peers. Before the passing of the 1999 Act, the Lords approved a Standing Order stating that the remaining hereditary peers shall consist of: * 2 peers to be elected by the Labour hereditary peers * 42 peers to be elected by the Conservative hereditary peers * 3 peers to be elected by the Liberal Democrat hereditary peers * 28 peers to be elected by the Crossbench hereditary peers * 15 peers to be elected by the whole House * The holders of the offices of Earl Marshal and Lord Great Chamberlain to be ex officio members. Elections must be held within three months of a vacancy occurring, and they take place under the Alternative Vote system. All those on the Register of Hereditary Peers are eligible to stand, but only sitting (the "excepted") hereditary peers may vote for the 75 seats reserved for a single parliamentary group (which can result in very small electorates, such as three voters in the 2003 election of Lord Grantchester); for the 15 peers elected by the whole house, life peers may also vote. As of October 2022, there have been 18 by-elections among Conservative peers; 18 by-elections among Crossbench peers; 2 among Liberal Democrat peers; and 2 among Labour peers. In addition, there have been 13 by-elections by the whole House. (en)
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dbp:party	Conservative Party (en) Labour Party (en) Liberal Democrats (en) UK Independence Party (en) Independent politician (en) Crossbencher (en)
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dbp:title	Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, February 2022 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, June 2005 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, July 2009 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, July 2016 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, November 2015 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, July 2018 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, February 2013 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, March 2019 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, May 2008 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, May 2011 (en) Liberal Democrat hereditary peers' by-election, April 2016 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , January 2019 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , July 2011 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , July 2013 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , July 2021 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , June 2021 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , March 2003 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , March 2005 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , March 2011 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , March 2017 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , November 2021 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , October 2014 (en) Hereditary peers' by-election , October 2022 (en) Labour hereditary peers' by-election, July 2021 (en) Labour hereditary peers' by-election, October 2003 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, November 2018 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, September 2015 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, April 2014 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, February 2015 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, July 2022 (en) Liberal Democrat hereditary peers' by-election, January 2005 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, July 2011 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, July 2018 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, June 2010 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, May 2004 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, June 2021 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, March 2005 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, July 2017 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, December 2014 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, July 2015 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, October 2015 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, June 2010 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, March 2007 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, October 2022 (en) Crossbench hereditary peers' by-election, October 2022 (en) Conservative hereditary peers' by-election, March 2022 (en)
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rdfs:comment	Following the enactment of the House of Lords Act 1999, the number of hereditary peers entitled to sit in the House of Lords was reduced to ninety-two. Ninety of the first ninety-two were elected by all the hereditary peers before the passing of the reform. Since November 2002, by-elections have been held to fill vacancies left by deaths, resignations or disqualifications of those peers. Since the passing of the House of Lords Reform Act 2014, by-elections have also been held to fill vacancies left by the retirements of those peers. (en)
rdfs:label	By-elections to the House of Lords (en)
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