About: Bonfilh

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Bonfilh or Bonfils (meaning "godson") was a Jewish troubadour from Narbonne. He is the only known Jew who wrote in the troubadour style and language, Old Occitan. His only known work is a partimen (debate) with Guiraut Riquier, Auzit ay dir, Bofil, que saps trobar ("I hear tell, Bonfilh, that you know how to compose"). It has been suggested that Bonhilh may have been a poetic invention of Guiraut and not a historical person, or that he was the same person as the Jewish poet Abraham Bedersi. There is a lacuna in the only surviving manuscript version of this song that lasts from the middle of the third stanza through to the middle of the fifth. The seventh stanza is also missing the ending of its final line. Each stanza has eight lines, but the last two are tornadas of four each.

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  • Bonfilh or Bonfils (meaning "godson") was a Jewish troubadour from Narbonne. He is the only known Jew who wrote in the troubadour style and language, Old Occitan. His only known work is a partimen (debate) with Guiraut Riquier, Auzit ay dir, Bofil, que saps trobar ("I hear tell, Bonfilh, that you know how to compose"). It has been suggested that Bonhilh may have been a poetic invention of Guiraut and not a historical person, or that he was the same person as the Jewish poet Abraham Bedersi. There is a lacuna in the only surviving manuscript version of this song that lasts from the middle of the third stanza through to the middle of the fifth. The seventh stanza is also missing the ending of its final line. Each stanza has eight lines, but the last two are tornadas of four each. The poem starts off amicably, but ends on bad terms, with Guiraut resorting to antisemitism (he names Bonfilh as having hurt Jesus). Riquier poses a polylemma for his debate partner: does Bonfilh sing out of fear, because a lady makes him do it, "to ply the joglar's trade" (that is, for money), or to advance his fame? Bonfilh's responds that it is out of joy and for his lady that he sings. He also reproaches Guiraut for using the formal second-person pronoun vos with his lady, while he, Bonfilh, uses the familiar and intimate tu. This is unusual, however, as the troubadours universally use vos with ladies (even those of low rank, as in pastorelas). It is not a Jewish custom, as the fourteenth-century by Crescas Caslari puts vos in the mouth of the king, Assuérus, when addressing Esther. Both Guiratu and Bonfilh submit their partimen to Bertran d'Opian (fl. 1229–42), a knight of Narbonne, for judgement. He was known to Guiraut. (en)
  • Bonfilh, o Bofilh o Bofil o Bofill o Bonfil o Bonfils, vale a dire "figlioccio" (... – ...; fl. XIII secolo), originario di Narbona, è stato il solo trovatore ebreo conosciuto che abbia scritto nella lingua (antico occitano) e nello stile dei trovatori. Il suo unico componimento noto è un partimen (disputa) con Guiraut Riquier, Auzit ay dir, Bofil, que saps trobar ("Ho sentito dire, Bonfilh, che tu sai comporre"). Si è suggerito che Bonfilh possa essere stato un'invenzione poetica di Guiraut e non un personaggio storico, o che fosse lo stesso poeta ebraico . Nell'unica versione del manoscritto sopravvissuto c'è una parte mancante che inizia dalla metà della terza stanza fino alla metà della quinta. La settima stanza manca della parte finale dell'ultimo verso. Ogni stanza è composta di otto versi, con due tornadas di quattro versi ciascuna. La poesia inizia in modo amichevole, ma termina a male parole, con Guiraut che ricorre all'antisemitismo (accusando Bonfilh di avere ). Riquier pone un polilemma all'interlocutore: Bonfilh canta a squarciagola per paura, perché una signora glielo permette, per "trattare gli affari dello joglar" (vale a dire, [fa il mestiere] per denaro), o per ottenere fama? Bonfilh responde che è fuori di sé dalla gioia ed è per la sua signora che canta, e rimprovera inoltre Guiraut per l'uso del pronome formale di seconda persona vos con la sua signora, mentre egli, Bonfilh, usa il familiare e intimo tu. Comunque, ciò è insolito dato che i trovatori universalmente usano vos con le signore (anche per quelle di basso rango, come nelle pastorelas). Non è nell'uso ebraico, come succede nel del XIV secolo di che mette vos nella bocca del re, Assuérus (Assuero), quando si rivolge a Ester. Sia Guiratu che Bonfilh sottopongono a giudizio il loro partimen a Bertran d'Opian (fl. 1229-1242), un cavaliere di Narbona, noto a Guiraut. (it)
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  • Bonfilh or Bonfils (meaning "godson") was a Jewish troubadour from Narbonne. He is the only known Jew who wrote in the troubadour style and language, Old Occitan. His only known work is a partimen (debate) with Guiraut Riquier, Auzit ay dir, Bofil, que saps trobar ("I hear tell, Bonfilh, that you know how to compose"). It has been suggested that Bonhilh may have been a poetic invention of Guiraut and not a historical person, or that he was the same person as the Jewish poet Abraham Bedersi. There is a lacuna in the only surviving manuscript version of this song that lasts from the middle of the third stanza through to the middle of the fifth. The seventh stanza is also missing the ending of its final line. Each stanza has eight lines, but the last two are tornadas of four each. (en)
  • Bonfilh, o Bofilh o Bofil o Bofill o Bonfil o Bonfils, vale a dire "figlioccio" (... – ...; fl. XIII secolo), originario di Narbona, è stato il solo trovatore ebreo conosciuto che abbia scritto nella lingua (antico occitano) e nello stile dei trovatori. (it)
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  • Bonfilh (en)
  • Bonfilh (it)
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