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The term macromolecular assembly (MA) refers to massive chemical structures such as viruses and non-biologic nanoparticles, cellular organelles and membranes and ribosomes, etc. that are complex mixtures of polypeptide, polynucleotide, polysaccharide or other polymeric macromolecules. They are generally of more than one of these types, and the mixtures are defined spatially (i.e., with regard to their chemical shape), and with regard to their underlying chemical composition and structure. Macromolecules are found in living and nonliving things, and are composed of many hundreds or thousands of atoms held together by covalent bonds; they are often characterized by repeating units (i.e., they are polymers). Assemblies of these can likewise be biologic or non-biologic, though the MA term is m

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  • The term macromolecular assembly (MA) refers to massive chemical structures such as viruses and non-biologic nanoparticles, cellular organelles and membranes and ribosomes, etc. that are complex mixtures of polypeptide, polynucleotide, polysaccharide or other polymeric macromolecules. They are generally of more than one of these types, and the mixtures are defined spatially (i.e., with regard to their chemical shape), and with regard to their underlying chemical composition and structure. Macromolecules are found in living and nonliving things, and are composed of many hundreds or thousands of atoms held together by covalent bonds; they are often characterized by repeating units (i.e., they are polymers). Assemblies of these can likewise be biologic or non-biologic, though the MA term is more commonly applied in biology, and the term supramolecular assembly is more often applied in non-biologic contexts (e.g., in supramolecular chemistry and nanotechnology). MAs of macromolecules are held in their defined forms by non-covalent intermolecular interactions (rather than covalent bonds), and can be in either non-repeating structures (e.g., as in the ribosome (image) and cell membrane architectures), or in repeating linear, circular, spiral, or other patterns (e.g., as in actin filaments and the flagellar motor, image). The process by which MAs are formed has been termed molecular self-assembly, a term especially applied in non-biologic contexts. A wide variety of physical/biophysical, chemical/biochemical, and computational methods exist for the study of MA; given the scale (molecular dimensions) of MAs, efforts to elaborate their composition and structure and discern mechanisms underlying their functions are at the forefront of modern structure science. (en)
  • 거대분자 집합체(巨大分子集合體, 영어: macromolecular assembly)는 폴리펩타이드, 폴리뉴클레오타이드, 폴리사카라이드 또는 기타 중합체 거대분자의 복잡한 혼합체인 바이러스, 비생물학적 나노입자, 세포소기관, 세포막, 리보솜 등과 같은 거대 화학 구조를 지칭한다. 거대분자 복합체(巨大分子複合體), 생체분자 복합체(生體分子複合體)라고도 한다. 거대분자 집합체는 공간적으로(즉, 화학적 형태와 관련) 그리고 기본적인 화학 조성 및 화학 구조와 관련하여 정의된다. (ko)
  • Біомолекулярний комплекс, котрий також називають макромолекулярним комплексом або біомакромолекулярним комплексом, - це будь-який біологічний комплекс, що складається з більш ніж однієї молекули білка, РНК, ДНК, ліпідів або вуглеводів . Взаємодії між цими біомолекулами не є ковалентними. Приклади: * Білкові комплекси, деякі з яких є мультиферментними комплексами : протеасома, ДНК-полімераза III-холоензим, РНК-полімераза II-холоензим, симетричні вірусні капсиди, шапероніновий комплекс GroEL - GroES, фотосистема I, АТФ-синтаза, ферритин . * РНК-білкові комплекси: рибосома, сплайсосома, склепіння, SnRNP . Такі комплекси в клітинному ядрі називаються рибонуклеопротеїнами (РНП). * ДНК-білкові комплекси: нуклеосома . * Білково-ліпідні комплекси: ліпопротеїн . Біомакромолекулярні комплекси вивчають структурно за допомогою рентгенологічної кристалографії, ЯМР-спектроскопії білків, кріоелектронної мікроскопії та послідовного аналізу одиночних частинок та електронної томографії . Моделі атомної структури, отримані за допомогою рентгенівської кристалографії та біомолекулярної ЯМР-спектроскопії, можуть бути приєднані до значно більших структур біомолекулярних комплексів, отриманих методами нижчої роздільної здатності, таких як електронна мікроскопія, електронна томографія та малокутове рентгенівське розсіювання . * (uk)
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  • 거대분자 집합체(巨大分子集合體, 영어: macromolecular assembly)는 폴리펩타이드, 폴리뉴클레오타이드, 폴리사카라이드 또는 기타 중합체 거대분자의 복잡한 혼합체인 바이러스, 비생물학적 나노입자, 세포소기관, 세포막, 리보솜 등과 같은 거대 화학 구조를 지칭한다. 거대분자 복합체(巨大分子複合體), 생체분자 복합체(生體分子複合體)라고도 한다. 거대분자 집합체는 공간적으로(즉, 화학적 형태와 관련) 그리고 기본적인 화학 조성 및 화학 구조와 관련하여 정의된다. (ko)
  • The term macromolecular assembly (MA) refers to massive chemical structures such as viruses and non-biologic nanoparticles, cellular organelles and membranes and ribosomes, etc. that are complex mixtures of polypeptide, polynucleotide, polysaccharide or other polymeric macromolecules. They are generally of more than one of these types, and the mixtures are defined spatially (i.e., with regard to their chemical shape), and with regard to their underlying chemical composition and structure. Macromolecules are found in living and nonliving things, and are composed of many hundreds or thousands of atoms held together by covalent bonds; they are often characterized by repeating units (i.e., they are polymers). Assemblies of these can likewise be biologic or non-biologic, though the MA term is m (en)
  • Біомолекулярний комплекс, котрий також називають макромолекулярним комплексом або біомакромолекулярним комплексом, - це будь-який біологічний комплекс, що складається з більш ніж однієї молекули білка, РНК, ДНК, ліпідів або вуглеводів . Взаємодії між цими біомолекулами не є ковалентними. Приклади: * (uk)
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  • Macromolecular assembly (en)
  • 거대분자 집합체 (ko)
  • Біомолекулярний комплекс (uk)
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