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High-pressure chemistry is concerned with those chemical processes that are carried out under high pressure – pressures in the thousands of bars (100 kPa) or higher. High-pressure processes are generally faster and have a higher conversion efficiency than processes at ambient pressure. However, they are usually only beneficial on an industrial scale because of the investment in plant required.

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  • Die Hochdruckchemie ist ein Teilgebiet der Chemie mit erheblicher industrieller Bedeutung. Sie beschreibt den Ablauf chemischer Reaktionen und das Verhalten der Stoffe bei Drücken von meist über 100 bar. Zu den bekannten Wissenschaftlern, die sich mit der Hochdruckchemie beschäftigten, zählen Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch, Antonius M. J. F. Michels, Mikhail Eremets und Wladimir Nikolajewitsch Ipatjew. Bei extrem hohem Druck und Temperaturen bis zu 4000 °C können Diamanten aus Graphit hergestellt werden. (de)
  • High-pressure chemistry is concerned with those chemical processes that are carried out under high pressure – pressures in the thousands of bars (100 kPa) or higher. High-pressure processes are generally faster and have a higher conversion efficiency than processes at ambient pressure. However, they are usually only beneficial on an industrial scale because of the investment in plant required. The Haber–Bosch process produces ammonia from hydrogen and atmospheric nitrogen. It was first demonstrated in 1909 and became an important industrial process for Germany during World War One when it played a part in the manufacture of explosives. Today, it is mostly used to produce fertilizer. The Bergius process produces hydrocarbon fuel from bituminous coal and hydrogen. The process was first published in 1913 and was an important source of fuel for Germany during World War Two. The process was used in the US for a while after the war, but there are currently no commercial plants in the world. The Bergius process and the Haber-Bosch process were two pioneering methods of high-pressure chemistry. The invention and development of these two processes led to the award of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for 1931 jointly to Friedrich Bergius and Carl Bosch. (en)
  • Le terme « chimie à haute pression » désigne l'ensemble des réactions chimiques qui se déroulent à une pression supérieure à la pression normale (101,3 kPa). Le procédé Haber-Bosch en est un exemple typique, la réaction : N2(g) + 3 H2(g) ⇌ 2 NH3(g) + ΔH peut se dérouler à TPN, mais le taux de rendement de l'ammoniac peut être augmenté de façon notable en élevant la pression du système. En milieu industriel, cette pression peut atteindre jusqu'à 1 000 MPa. Cette technologie est aussi à l'œuvre dans le procédé Fischer-Tropsch, la liquéfaction du charbon et la chimie de Reppe. (fr)
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  • Die Hochdruckchemie ist ein Teilgebiet der Chemie mit erheblicher industrieller Bedeutung. Sie beschreibt den Ablauf chemischer Reaktionen und das Verhalten der Stoffe bei Drücken von meist über 100 bar. Zu den bekannten Wissenschaftlern, die sich mit der Hochdruckchemie beschäftigten, zählen Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch, Antonius M. J. F. Michels, Mikhail Eremets und Wladimir Nikolajewitsch Ipatjew. Bei extrem hohem Druck und Temperaturen bis zu 4000 °C können Diamanten aus Graphit hergestellt werden. (de)
  • Le terme « chimie à haute pression » désigne l'ensemble des réactions chimiques qui se déroulent à une pression supérieure à la pression normale (101,3 kPa). Le procédé Haber-Bosch en est un exemple typique, la réaction : N2(g) + 3 H2(g) ⇌ 2 NH3(g) + ΔH peut se dérouler à TPN, mais le taux de rendement de l'ammoniac peut être augmenté de façon notable en élevant la pression du système. En milieu industriel, cette pression peut atteindre jusqu'à 1 000 MPa. Cette technologie est aussi à l'œuvre dans le procédé Fischer-Tropsch, la liquéfaction du charbon et la chimie de Reppe. (fr)
  • High-pressure chemistry is concerned with those chemical processes that are carried out under high pressure – pressures in the thousands of bars (100 kPa) or higher. High-pressure processes are generally faster and have a higher conversion efficiency than processes at ambient pressure. However, they are usually only beneficial on an industrial scale because of the investment in plant required. (en)
rdfs:label
  • Hochdruckchemie (de)
  • Chimie à haute pression (fr)
  • High-pressure chemistry (en)
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