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- The annulus of an oil well or water well is any void between any piping, tubing or casing and the piping, tubing, or casing immediately surrounding it. It is named after the corresponding geometric concept. The presence of an annulus gives the ability to circulate fluid in the well, provided that excess drill cuttings have not accumulated in the annulus, preventing fluid movement and possibly sticking the pipe in the borehole. For a new well in the process of being drilled, this would be the void between the drill string and the formation being drilled. An easy way to visualise this would be to stand a straw (purple in diagram) straight up in the center of a glass of water. All of the water in between the straw and the sides of the glass would be the annulus (yellow area in diagram), with the straw itself representing the drill string and the sides of the glass representing the formation. While drilling, drilling fluid is pumped down the inside of the drill string and pushes the drill cuttings up the annulus to the surface, where the cuttings are removed from the drilling fluid (drilling mud) by the shale shakers. In a completed well, there may be many annuli. The 'A' annulus is the void between the production tubing and the smallest casing string. The 'A' annulus can serve a number of crucial tasks, including gas lift and well kills. A normal well will also have a 'B' and frequently a 'C' annulus, between the different casing strings. These annuli do not normally have any connection to well bore fluids, but maintaining pressure in them is important in order to ensure integrity of the casing strings. Though all annuli in a completed well are expected to be isolated from the production tubing and each other, connections allowing the flow of fluids between them may sometimes occur, due to either intervention or wear and tear. There is said to be "communication" between these connected annuli. During coiled tubing interventions, the void between the coil and the production tubing can also be considered an annulus and be used for circulation. (en)
- 环空为油井中和（常为钻杆），或井眼和套管等间的环形空间。环空的存在保证井眼可以建立泥浆循环，即泥浆从钻柱中泵入，流经钻头后，从环空中返出，并带出，避免切屑聚集在井底。若切屑积聚太多，则可能堵塞循环通路，进而造成事故。 对于正在钻进的井眼，环空是和岩层间的空间。举例而言，把吸管插入水杯中，把吸管当成钻柱，把杯子当成井眼，则吸管（图中紫色）和杯子（图中黑边）间的水（图中黄色）即为环空。在钻进时，从钻柱中泵入泥浆，将被泥浆包裹的切屑从环空中泵出，并利用将切屑从泥浆中清出。 而在完井后的井中，可能出现多个环空：比如油管和套管间的环空，其可以用于进行、等作业。同时，也存在不同直径套管间的环空。 另外，在作业中，连续油管和油管间的空间也成为环空，亦可用于建立泥浆循环。 (zh)
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- 环空为油井中和（常为钻杆），或井眼和套管等间的环形空间。环空的存在保证井眼可以建立泥浆循环，即泥浆从钻柱中泵入，流经钻头后，从环空中返出，并带出，避免切屑聚集在井底。若切屑积聚太多，则可能堵塞循环通路，进而造成事故。 对于正在钻进的井眼，环空是和岩层间的空间。举例而言，把吸管插入水杯中，把吸管当成钻柱，把杯子当成井眼，则吸管（图中紫色）和杯子（图中黑边）间的水（图中黄色）即为环空。在钻进时，从钻柱中泵入泥浆，将被泥浆包裹的切屑从环空中泵出，并利用将切屑从泥浆中清出。 而在完井后的井中，可能出现多个环空：比如油管和套管间的环空，其可以用于进行、等作业。同时，也存在不同直径套管间的环空。 另外，在作业中，连续油管和油管间的空间也成为环空，亦可用于建立泥浆循环。 (zh)
- The annulus of an oil well or water well is any void between any piping, tubing or casing and the piping, tubing, or casing immediately surrounding it. It is named after the corresponding geometric concept. The presence of an annulus gives the ability to circulate fluid in the well, provided that excess drill cuttings have not accumulated in the annulus, preventing fluid movement and possibly sticking the pipe in the borehole. During coiled tubing interventions, the void between the coil and the production tubing can also be considered an annulus and be used for circulation. (en)
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- Annulus (well) (en)
- 环空 (zh)
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