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- In field artillery, the accuracy of indirect fire depends on the use of aiming points. In air force terminology the aiming point (or A.P.) refers to holding the intersection of the cross hairs on a bombsight when fixed at a specific target. An indirect fire aiming point provides a point of angular reference to aim a gun in the required horizontal direction – azimuth. Until the 1980s aiming points were essential for indirect fire artillery. They are also used by mortars and machine guns firing indirectly. An essential requirement of an aiming point is that it be at a sufficient distance from the gun using it. The reason for this is that, while firing, guns, particularly towed guns, move back a short distance – perhaps a foot, as their spades embed and may move more in soft ground. When they traverse their barrels their sights also move because they are not at the point of pivot. All this means that if the aiming point is too close then the angle to the aiming point changes. This aims the guns off-target, possibly up to several hundred meters. For gun-laying purposes a distance of a few kilometers from gun to aiming point is sufficient. An aiming point would be a sharply defined and easily distinguished feature, such the edge of an obvious building. However, this presents problems in featureless areas, in bad visibility or at night and putting lights on distant aiming points is seldom practical. Therefore, methods of simulating a distant aiming point are required. (en)
- Titik bidik atau dalam bahasa Inggris disebut Aiming point (AP), dalam artileri adalah keakuratan tembakan tidak langsung yang tergantung pada penggunaan titik bidik. Dalam angkatan udara, istilah titik bidik (atau AP) mengacu pada titik di tengah tanda + yang ada pada layar atau kaca untuk membidik target tertentu yang telah ditentukan. Titik bidik tembakan tidak langsung menyajikan titik referensi sudut untuk mengarahkan senjata ke arah horizontal yang diperlukan - azimuth. Sampai tahun 1980-an titik bidik merupakan hal penting untuk artileri tembakan tidak langsung. Titik bidik juga digunakan untuk mortir dan senapan mesin yang menembak secara tidak langsung. Bentuk titik bidik yang paling awal adalah sepasang tiang bidik untuk setiap senapan, hampir sejajar satu sama lain ketika dilihat melalui pandangan senjata, dan ditempatkan sekitar 50 meter dari senapan. Setidaknya ada dua cara untuk menggunakan ini, tetapi yang paling sederhana adalah mengarahkan pandangan di tengah-tengah dari kedua tiang tersebut. (in)
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- In field artillery, the accuracy of indirect fire depends on the use of aiming points. In air force terminology the aiming point (or A.P.) refers to holding the intersection of the cross hairs on a bombsight when fixed at a specific target. An indirect fire aiming point provides a point of angular reference to aim a gun in the required horizontal direction – azimuth. Until the 1980s aiming points were essential for indirect fire artillery. They are also used by mortars and machine guns firing indirectly. (en)
- Titik bidik atau dalam bahasa Inggris disebut Aiming point (AP), dalam artileri adalah keakuratan tembakan tidak langsung yang tergantung pada penggunaan titik bidik. Dalam angkatan udara, istilah titik bidik (atau AP) mengacu pada titik di tengah tanda + yang ada pada layar atau kaca untuk membidik target tertentu yang telah ditentukan. (in)
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- Aiming point (en)
- Titik bidik (in)
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