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The 1906 Costa Rican general election was held during the presidency of Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra. Ibarra openly supported candidate Cleto González Víquez. Other candidates were former president Bernardo Soto Alfaro, former State and Police Secretary Tobías Zúñiga Castro, the also former State Secretary (during Bernardo Soto's administration) Máximo Fernández Alvarado and former justice and Foreign Secretary Ezequiel Gutiérrez Iglesias. Difference were more personal than ideological as all candidates except Gutiérrez were liberals, and the election had a strong "anti-cletista" component. This "anti-cletismo" was what united the opposition and talks about a common joint front occurred but it was not applied. Gutiérrez was candidate of the conservative "Democratic Union", the party that emer

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  • The 1906 Costa Rican general election was held during the presidency of Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra. Ibarra openly supported candidate Cleto González Víquez. Other candidates were former president Bernardo Soto Alfaro, former State and Police Secretary Tobías Zúñiga Castro, the also former State Secretary (during Bernardo Soto's administration) Máximo Fernández Alvarado and former justice and Foreign Secretary Ezequiel Gutiérrez Iglesias. Difference were more personal than ideological as all candidates except Gutiérrez were liberals, and the election had a strong "anti-cletista" component. This "anti-cletismo" was what united the opposition and talks about a common joint front occurred but it was not applied. Gutiérrez was candidate of the conservative "Democratic Union", the party that emerged from the now outlawed Catholic Union. Elections on this period were indirect. The first round of voters were all male citizens who had an income "according to their social status" and knew how to read and write, which considering that Costa Rica had very high literacy standards for the time and the economic requirement was very ambiguous meant around 60% of the male population could vote. These first level voters choose the Electors who normally had other requirements (particularly, owning properties or having college degrees which meant most of them were middle to high class) and the Electors elected the President, members of Congress and municipal authorities. Thus, after the first-level election Electors could be pressured into changing the candidate they were supposed to support. After the first round Fernández and Soto endorsed Zuñiga who seem to be the most likely option to defeat González, however, arguing "public order" reasons Ibarra essentially made a crack-down on the opposition declaring martial law and exiling Fernández, Soto and Zuñiga who ended up in New York. After González was proclaimed president they were allowed to come back although Zuñiga retired from politics. (en)
  • En las elecciones presidenciales de Costa Rica de 1906, el presidente en funciones Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra apoyó abiertamente al candidato Cleto González Víquez. Participaron también el exsecretario de Gobernación, Policía y Fomento de Esquivel; Tobías Zúñiga Castro, el también exsecretario de Gobernación pero de la administración Soto y exdiputado; Máximo Fernández Alvarado, el expresidente Bernardo Soto Alfaro y el exmagistrado y excanciller Ezequiel Gutiérrez Iglesias. Oconitrillo destaca que en estas elecciones no primaba realmente una diferencia ideológica ya que con excepción de Gutiérrez Iglesias que era conservador al igual que su partido, Unión Demócrata, todos los demás candidatos eran liberales y el liberalismo les funcionaba bien a todos. la competencia electoral era más por razones personales y poder de un grupo que por un ideario. Además tenía un fuerte componente el "anti-cletismo" que promulgaban los candidatos Fernández, Zúñiga y Soto al punto de que se planteó la posibilidad de unir sus partidos en una coalición aunque esto, al menos en primera ronda, no se concretó.​ En aquella época las elecciones se realizaban en dos tractos. Primero votaban todos los ciudadanos hombres que cumplieran con una serie de requisitos con los que cumplía la mayoría de la población como saber leer y escribir y tener un patrimonio "acorde a su estrato social" y que según el historiador Iván Molina representaban a cerca del 60% de la población. Estos elegían en voto público a los electores de segundo grado cuyos requisitos eran más restrictivos, como poseer propiedades o estudios superiores. Los electores de segundo grado votaban en votaciones secretas eligiendo al presidente, diputados y demás cargos públicos incluyendo los municipales. Durante este proceso era donde genuinamente se daban las negociaciones políticas.​ En esta segunda ronda los candidatos Fernández y Soto apoyaron la candidatura de Zúñiga ya que parecía ser la más factible para derrotar a González. Sin embargo, argumentando peligro del orden público, Esquivel suspendió las libertades civiles y expulsó del país a Zúñiga, Fernández y Soto quienes partieron a Nueva York. El Partido del Pueblo que postulaba a Zúñiga solo logró tres votos y Cleto González fue elegido presidente, tras lo cual se permitió a los exiliados volver al país. Zúñiga se retiró de la política. (es)
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  • 1905–1906 Costa Rican general election (en)
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  • The 1906 Costa Rican general election was held during the presidency of Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra. Ibarra openly supported candidate Cleto González Víquez. Other candidates were former president Bernardo Soto Alfaro, former State and Police Secretary Tobías Zúñiga Castro, the also former State Secretary (during Bernardo Soto's administration) Máximo Fernández Alvarado and former justice and Foreign Secretary Ezequiel Gutiérrez Iglesias. Difference were more personal than ideological as all candidates except Gutiérrez were liberals, and the election had a strong "anti-cletista" component. This "anti-cletismo" was what united the opposition and talks about a common joint front occurred but it was not applied. Gutiérrez was candidate of the conservative "Democratic Union", the party that emer (en)
  • En las elecciones presidenciales de Costa Rica de 1906, el presidente en funciones Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra apoyó abiertamente al candidato Cleto González Víquez. Participaron también el exsecretario de Gobernación, Policía y Fomento de Esquivel; Tobías Zúñiga Castro, el también exsecretario de Gobernación pero de la administración Soto y exdiputado; Máximo Fernández Alvarado, el expresidente Bernardo Soto Alfaro y el exmagistrado y excanciller Ezequiel Gutiérrez Iglesias. (es)
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  • 1905–1906 Costa Rican general election (en)
  • Elecciones presidenciales de Costa Rica de 1906 (es)
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