About: 1789 Virginia's 5th congressional district election

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The first election for Virginia's 5th congressional district took place on February 2, 1789, for a two-year term to commence on March 4 of that year. In a race that turned on the candidates' positions on the need for amendments (the Bill of Rights) to the recently ratified U.S. Constitution, James Madison defeated James Monroe for a place in the House of Representatives of the First Congress. It is the only congressional election in U.S. history in which two future presidents opposed each other.

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  • The first election for Virginia's 5th congressional district took place on February 2, 1789, for a two-year term to commence on March 4 of that year. In a race that turned on the candidates' positions on the need for amendments (the Bill of Rights) to the recently ratified U.S. Constitution, James Madison defeated James Monroe for a place in the House of Representatives of the First Congress. It is the only congressional election in U.S. history in which two future presidents opposed each other. The race came about when former governor Patrick Henry and other Anti-Federalists in the Virginia General Assembly, who had opposed the state's ratification of the Constitution, sought to defeat Madison, who had been a strong advocate for ratification, and who wanted to become a member of the new House of Representatives; they had already defeated him in the legislative election to choose Virginia's first U.S. senators. They put forward Monroe, a young but experienced politician who was a war hero wounded at the 1776 Battle of Trenton, as a candidate for the seat. Monroe did not seek the contest, but once drafted campaigned vigorously. Despite bitterly cold weather, the two candidates debated outdoors; traveling after one such meeting, Madison suffered frostbite on his face. Although Madison had earlier stated that amendments to the Constitution were not necessary, during the campaign he took the position that they were, but should be proposed by Congress, rather than by an Article V Convention that Anti-Federalists such as Monroe and Henry supported. Madison won the election comfortably, to the satisfaction of his supporters such as President-elect George Washington. The race did not affect Madison's friendship with Monroe, who was elected to the Senate in 1790, and who would serve as Madison's Secretary of State and succeed him as president in 1817. (en)
  • 1789年2月2日，举办首次联邦众议员选举，当选议员任期两年，同年3月4日开始。此次选举的候选人后来都当上美国总统，这种情况还从未重现。竞选主要议题是候选人认为是否需要对刚刚批准的《美国宪法》提出修正案（即权利法案），最终詹姆斯·麦迪逊战胜詹姆斯·门罗入选首届国会的联邦众议院。 弗吉尼亚州议会包括前州长帕特里克·亨利在内的反对弗吉尼亚州批准《美国宪法》，想让极力支持宪法的麦迪逊当不上国会议员。他们已经在州议会推举他人当选弗吉尼亚州首批联邦参议员，只需在众议员选举再下一城。反联邦党人推举年轻但经验丰富的政治家门罗，他还是独立战争英雄，在1776年特倫頓戰役身负重伤。门罗本来无意竞争，但一参选便积极竞选。弗吉尼亚州此时天寒地冻，两名候选人坚持在户外辩论，麦迪逊一度在辩论会冻伤面部。 麦迪逊此前曾表示没有必要制订宪法修正案，但竞选期间他改变立场，只坚持由国会提出修正案，而不是像门罗和亨利等反联邦党人主张的那样。麦迪逊最终在总统当选人乔治·华盛顿等支持者的掌声中轻松获胜。竞选没有影响两位候选人的友谊，门罗1790年当选联邦参议员，还曾在麦迪逊当总统期间任国务卿，后在1817年继任麦迪逊的总统职位。 (zh)
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  • 1789 Virginia's 5th congressional district election (en)
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  • Original 1792 version by Peale.jpg (en)
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  • 1789年2月2日，举办首次联邦众议员选举，当选议员任期两年，同年3月4日开始。此次选举的候选人后来都当上美国总统，这种情况还从未重现。竞选主要议题是候选人认为是否需要对刚刚批准的《美国宪法》提出修正案（即权利法案），最终詹姆斯·麦迪逊战胜詹姆斯·门罗入选首届国会的联邦众议院。 弗吉尼亚州议会包括前州长帕特里克·亨利在内的反对弗吉尼亚州批准《美国宪法》，想让极力支持宪法的麦迪逊当不上国会议员。他们已经在州议会推举他人当选弗吉尼亚州首批联邦参议员，只需在众议员选举再下一城。反联邦党人推举年轻但经验丰富的政治家门罗，他还是独立战争英雄，在1776年特倫頓戰役身负重伤。门罗本来无意竞争，但一参选便积极竞选。弗吉尼亚州此时天寒地冻，两名候选人坚持在户外辩论，麦迪逊一度在辩论会冻伤面部。 麦迪逊此前曾表示没有必要制订宪法修正案，但竞选期间他改变立场，只坚持由国会提出修正案，而不是像门罗和亨利等反联邦党人主张的那样。麦迪逊最终在总统当选人乔治·华盛顿等支持者的掌声中轻松获胜。竞选没有影响两位候选人的友谊，门罗1790年当选联邦参议员，还曾在麦迪逊当总统期间任国务卿，后在1817年继任麦迪逊的总统职位。 (zh)
  • The first election for Virginia's 5th congressional district took place on February 2, 1789, for a two-year term to commence on March 4 of that year. In a race that turned on the candidates' positions on the need for amendments (the Bill of Rights) to the recently ratified U.S. Constitution, James Madison defeated James Monroe for a place in the House of Representatives of the First Congress. It is the only congressional election in U.S. history in which two future presidents opposed each other. (en)
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  • 1789 Virginia's 5th congressional district election (en)
  • 1789年弗吉尼亚州第五国会选区选举 (zh)
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