Alfred Caldwell (June 4, 1817 – May 3, 1868) was a Virginia lawyer, politician and prominent abolitionist in what became Wheeling, West Virginia during the American Civil War. Before the war, he was twice elected Wheeling's mayor, and served in the Virginia Senate. A prominent early Republican and supporter of President Abraham Lincoln, he became consul to the Kingdom of Hawaii in August 1861. However, Caldwell was removed from office in 1867 after substantiation of corruption allegations, and he died shortly after returning to Wheeling.