"Whitman Massacre"@en . . "O massacre Whitman (tamb\u00E9m conhecido por massacre de Walla Walla ou o Incidente Whitman) foi o assassinato no Oregon Country em 29 de novembro de 1847 do mission\u00E1rio estado-unidense Dr. Marcus Whitman e sua esposa Narcissa Whitman, juntamente com doze outros, pelos \u00EDndios Cayuse e Umatilla. O incidente deu in\u00EDcio \u00E0 . Ele ocorreu na regi\u00E3o do atual estado de Washington, pr\u00F3ximo a cidade de Walla Walla, \u00E9 foi um dos mais not\u00F3rios acontecimentos da coloniza\u00E7\u00E3o norte-americana no noroeste da Am\u00E9rica do Norte. O evento foi o cl\u00EDmax de v\u00E1rios anos de complexa intera\u00E7\u00E3o entre os Whitmans, que haviam conduzido a primeira caravana ao longo da Trilha do Oregon, e os nativos americanos locais."@pt . . . . . . . . . . "Masakr na Whitmanov\u011B misii (angl. Whitman massacre) byla vra\u017Eda americk\u00FDch mision\u00E1\u0159\u016F a , kter\u00E1 se odehr\u00E1la 29. listopadu 1847 na jejich misii v nyn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDm st\u00E1t\u011B Washington, nedaleko dne\u0161n\u00EDho m\u011Bsta . Na vra\u017Ed\u011B se pod\u00EDleli \u010Dlenov\u00E9 kmen\u016F a , kte\u0159\u00ED zabili krom\u011B dvou mision\u00E1\u0159\u016F dal\u0161\u00EDch dvan\u00E1ct lid\u00ED. Jedn\u00E1 se o jednu z nejneslavn\u011Bji zn\u00E1m\u00FDch \u010D\u00E1st\u00ED obdob\u00ED kolonizace Severoz\u00E1padu, kter\u00E1 vy\u00FAstila z nep\u0159\u00E1telsk\u00E9 interakce mezi obyvateli Whitmanovy misie, kte\u0159\u00ED vedli do zdej\u0161\u00EDch m\u00EDst prvn\u00ED v\u016Fz s osadn\u00EDky po Oregonsk\u00E9 stezce, a p\u016Fvodn\u00EDmi obyvateli.Masakr je obvykle p\u0159i\u010D\u00EDt\u00E1n z\u010D\u00E1sti kulturn\u00EDmu sporu mezi b\u00EDl\u00FDmi osadn\u00EDky a Indi\u00E1ny a z\u010D\u00E1sti Whitmanov\u011B neschopnosti zastavit spalni\u010Dkovou epidemii, kter\u00E1 zabila mnoho Indi\u00E1n\u016F. Proto\u017Ee Whitman byl l\u00E9ka\u0159, Indi\u00E1ni mu p\u0159isuzovali zodpov\u011Bdnost za \u00FAmrt\u00ED sv\u00FDch p\u0159\u00E1tel. "@cs . "Massacre de Whitman"@fr . . . "Whitman-Massaker"@de . . . . . . . . . "46.04222106933594"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Masakr na Whitmanov\u011B misii"@cs . . "Waiilatpu mission, near Walla Walla, Washington"@en . . . "Masakra Whitmana"@pl . . . . . "-118.4641647338867"^^ . . "46.04222222222222 -118.46416666666667" . . . . . . . . . "Tiloukaikt, Tomahas, Kiamsumpkin, Iaiachalakis, and Klokomas"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Das Whitman-Massaker, auch Walla-Walla-Massaker genannt, war ein Vorfall im Oregon-Gebiet in der N\u00E4he des heutigen Walla Walla, bei dem am 29. November 1847 der Arzt und Missionar Marcus Whitman, seine Frau und elf weitere wei\u00DFe Siedler von Indianern der St\u00E4mme Cayuse und Umatilla ermordet wurden. Der Vorfall l\u00F6ste den Cayuse-Krieg aus und ist eine der ber\u00FCchtigtsten Episoden in der Erschlie\u00DFung des Westens der heutigen USA durch Wei\u00DFe. Die Ermordung war das tragische Ende einer mehrj\u00E4hrigen Beziehung zwischen den Whitmans, die den ersten Treck entlang des Oregon Trails anf\u00FChrten, und den indigenen V\u00F6lkern dieser Region. Die Ermordung wird heute als Folge eines kulturellen Missverst\u00E4ndnisses zwischen den Siedlern und den Indianern angesehen. Mitursache war jedoch auch, dass Whitman nicht verhindern konnte, dass eine Masernepidemie eine hohe Anzahl von Toten unter den Indianern forderte. Der Vorfall wird bis heute kontrovers diskutiert. Einige Historiker sehen in dem Whitman-Ehepaar Helden der fr\u00FChen Pionierzeit. Andere sehen sie als wei\u00DFe Siedler, die ihre Kultur und ihre Religion den dort lebenden Indianern aufzwingen wollten. An das Massaker erinnert seit 1936 die Whitman Mission National Historic Site."@de . . . "The Whitman massacre (also known as the Walla Walla massacre and referred to as the Tragedy at Waiilatpu by the National Park Service) was the killing of the Washington missionaries Marcus Whitman and his wife Narcissa, along with eleven others, on November 29, 1847. They were killed by members of the Cayuse tribe who accused Whitman of having poisoned 200 Cayuse in his medical care. The incident began the Cayuse War. It took place in southeastern Washington near Walla Walla and was one of the most notorious episodes in the U.S. settlement of the Pacific Northwest. Whitman had helped lead the first wagon train to cross Oregon's Blue Mountains and reach the Columbia River via the Oregon Trail, and this incident was the climax of several years of complex interaction between him and the local"@en . . . . . . . . . . . "Whitman massacre"@en . . . . . "the Cayuse War"@en . . . . . "1356461"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "1847-11-29"^^ . . "13"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The belief that Marcus Whitman was deliberately poisoning Native Americans infected with measles"@en . . "Le massacre de Whitman fut l'assassinat le 29 novembre 1847 des missionnaires am\u00E9ricains, Marcus Whitman, son \u00E9pouse (en), ainsi que onze autres personnes dans l'Oregon Country. Ils ont \u00E9t\u00E9 tu\u00E9s par des Am\u00E9rindiens Cayuses et Umatillas, marquant le d\u00E9but de la guerre Cayuse. Il a eu lieu dans l'actuel sud-est de l'\u00C9tat de Washington, pr\u00E8s de la ville de Walla Walla, et fut l'un des \u00E9v\u00E9nements les plus c\u00E9l\u00E8bres dans cette colonie am\u00E9ricaine du Nord-Ouest Pacifique. Le massacre a \u00E9t\u00E9 le point culminant de plusieurs ann\u00E9es d'une interaction complexe entre les Whitman, qui avaient dirig\u00E9 la premi\u00E8re caravane de colons le long de la piste de l'Oregon, et les Am\u00E9rindiens locaux. Les meurtres sont g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement attribu\u00E9s en partie \u00E0 un choc des cultures et en partie \u00E0 l'incapacit\u00E9 de Marcus Whitman, un m\u00E9decin, d'arr\u00EAter la propagation de la rougeole parmi les Am\u00E9rindiens, qui consid\u00E9raient alors Whitman comme responsable des nouveaux morts. L'incident reste encore controvers\u00E9 car les Whitman sont consid\u00E9r\u00E9s par certains comme des pionniers h\u00E9ro\u00EFques, et par d'autres comme des colons occidentaux qui ont tent\u00E9 d'imposer leur religion aux Am\u00E9rindiens."@fr . . . "Masakr na Whitmanov\u011B misii (angl. Whitman massacre) byla vra\u017Eda americk\u00FDch mision\u00E1\u0159\u016F a , kter\u00E1 se odehr\u00E1la 29. listopadu 1847 na jejich misii v nyn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDm st\u00E1t\u011B Washington, nedaleko dne\u0161n\u00EDho m\u011Bsta . Na vra\u017Ed\u011B se pod\u00EDleli \u010Dlenov\u00E9 kmen\u016F a , kte\u0159\u00ED zabili krom\u011B dvou mision\u00E1\u0159\u016F dal\u0161\u00EDch dvan\u00E1ct lid\u00ED. Jedn\u00E1 se o jednu z nejneslavn\u011Bji zn\u00E1m\u00FDch \u010D\u00E1st\u00ED obdob\u00ED kolonizace Severoz\u00E1padu, kter\u00E1 vy\u00FAstila z nep\u0159\u00E1telsk\u00E9 interakce mezi obyvateli Whitmanovy misie, kte\u0159\u00ED vedli do zdej\u0161\u00EDch m\u00EDst prvn\u00ED v\u016Fz s osadn\u00EDky po Oregonsk\u00E9 stezce, a p\u016Fvodn\u00EDmi obyvateli.Masakr je obvykle p\u0159i\u010D\u00EDt\u00E1n z\u010D\u00E1sti kulturn\u00EDmu sporu mezi b\u00EDl\u00FDmi osadn\u00EDky a Indi\u00E1ny a z\u010D\u00E1sti Whitmanov\u011B neschopnosti zastavit spalni\u010Dkovou epidemii, kter\u00E1 zabila mnoho Indi\u00E1n\u016F. Proto\u017Ee Whitman byl l\u00E9ka\u0159, Indi\u00E1ni mu p\u0159isuzovali zodpov\u011Bdnost za \u00FAmrt\u00ED sv\u00FDch p\u0159\u00E1tel. Incident z\u016Fst\u00E1v\u00E1 nad\u00E1le kontroverzn\u00ED dodnes \u2013 n\u011Bkte\u0159\u00ED maj\u00ED Whitmany za pion\u00FDrsk\u00E9 hrdiny oblasti, jin\u00ED je pova\u017Euj\u00ED za osadn\u00EDky, kte\u0159\u00ED cht\u011Bli roz\u0161\u00ED\u0159it sv\u00E9 n\u00E1bo\u017Eenstv\u00ED mezi Indi\u00E1ny, a mo\u017En\u00E1 vypustili spalni\u010Dkovou epidemii za t\u00EDmto \u00FA\u010Delem \u00FAmysln\u011B. Po masakru vypukla Kajusk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka."@cs . . . . . . . . . . "1122806209"^^ . . . . . . "POINT(-118.46416473389 46.042221069336)"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Masakra Whitman\u00F3w (zwana tak\u017Ce masakr\u0105 pod Walla-Walla) mia\u0142a miejsce w dniu 29 listopada 1847 r. w pobli\u017Cu dzisiejszego miasta Walla Walla w stanie Waszyngton (\u00F3wcze\u015Bnie ). W dokonanej przez Indian z plemienia Cayuse i Umatilla masakrze \u015Bmier\u0107 poni\u00F3s\u0142 lekarz i misjonarz Marcus Whitman, jego \u017Cona oraz 15 bia\u0142ych osadnik\u00F3w. Zdarzenie wywo\u0142a\u0142o wojn\u0119 z Indianami Cayuse i uznawane jest za jeden z najbardziej znanych epizod\u00F3w w historii osadnictwa bia\u0142ych w Ameryce. Masakra by\u0142a tragicznym zako\u0144czeniem trwaj\u0105cej wiele lat przyja\u017Ani pomi\u0119dzy Whitmanem, za\u0142o\u017Cycielem pierwszej Misji w Oregonie a zamieszkuj\u0105cymi ten region Indianami. Zdarzenie ukazywane jest jako skutek r\u00F3\u017Cnic kulturalnych dziel\u0105cych bia\u0142ych osadnik\u00F3w i Indian. W znacznym stopniu do niezadowolenia tubylc\u00F3w przyczyni\u0142a si\u0119 epidemia odry, kt\u00F3ra poch\u0142on\u0119\u0142a wiele ofiar po stronie Indian. Win\u0105 za \u015Bmier\u0107 tubylc\u00F3w miano obarcza\u0107 Whitmana, kt\u00F3remu zarzucano brak ch\u0119ci do niesienia pomocy. Wielu historyk\u00F3w przedstawia ma\u0142\u017Ce\u0144stwo Whitman\u00F3w w glorii bohater\u00F3w wczesnego okresu pionierstwa. Inni widz\u0105 w nich bia\u0142ych osadnik\u00F3w, staraj\u0105cych si\u0119 narzuci\u0107 Indianom w\u0142asn\u0105 kultur\u0119 i religi\u0119."@pl . . "O massacre Whitman (tamb\u00E9m conhecido por massacre de Walla Walla ou o Incidente Whitman) foi o assassinato no Oregon Country em 29 de novembro de 1847 do mission\u00E1rio estado-unidense Dr. Marcus Whitman e sua esposa Narcissa Whitman, juntamente com doze outros, pelos \u00EDndios Cayuse e Umatilla. O incidente deu in\u00EDcio \u00E0 . Ele ocorreu na regi\u00E3o do atual estado de Washington, pr\u00F3ximo a cidade de Walla Walla, \u00E9 foi um dos mais not\u00F3rios acontecimentos da coloniza\u00E7\u00E3o norte-americana no noroeste da Am\u00E9rica do Norte. O evento foi o cl\u00EDmax de v\u00E1rios anos de complexa intera\u00E7\u00E3o entre os Whitmans, que haviam conduzido a primeira caravana ao longo da Trilha do Oregon, e os nativos americanos locais. Os assassinatos s\u00E3o geralmente atribu\u00EDdo em parte a um choque de culturas e em parte, \u00E0 incapacidade do Dr. Whitman, um m\u00E9dico, para deter a propaga\u00E7\u00E3o do sarampo entre os nativos americanos, que responsabilizaram Whitman pelas mortes ocasionada pela doen\u00E7a. O incidente permanece at\u00E9 hoje causando pol\u00EAmicas: os Whitmans s\u00E3o considerados por alguns como her\u00F3is pioneiros; outros os v\u00EAem como colonos brancos, que tentaram impor sua religi\u00E3o sobre os \u00EDndios americanos e outras injustificadas intromiss\u00F5es."@pt . . . . . "Le massacre de Whitman fut l'assassinat le 29 novembre 1847 des missionnaires am\u00E9ricains, Marcus Whitman, son \u00E9pouse (en), ainsi que onze autres personnes dans l'Oregon Country. Ils ont \u00E9t\u00E9 tu\u00E9s par des Am\u00E9rindiens Cayuses et Umatillas, marquant le d\u00E9but de la guerre Cayuse. Les meurtres sont g\u00E9n\u00E9ralement attribu\u00E9s en partie \u00E0 un choc des cultures et en partie \u00E0 l'incapacit\u00E9 de Marcus Whitman, un m\u00E9decin, d'arr\u00EAter la propagation de la rougeole parmi les Am\u00E9rindiens, qui consid\u00E9raient alors Whitman comme responsable des nouveaux morts."@fr . . . . . "Massacre Whitman"@pt . "43574"^^ . . . . "The Whitman massacre (also known as the Walla Walla massacre and referred to as the Tragedy at Waiilatpu by the National Park Service) was the killing of the Washington missionaries Marcus Whitman and his wife Narcissa, along with eleven others, on November 29, 1847. They were killed by members of the Cayuse tribe who accused Whitman of having poisoned 200 Cayuse in his medical care. The incident began the Cayuse War. It took place in southeastern Washington near Walla Walla and was one of the most notorious episodes in the U.S. settlement of the Pacific Northwest. Whitman had helped lead the first wagon train to cross Oregon's Blue Mountains and reach the Columbia River via the Oregon Trail, and this incident was the climax of several years of complex interaction between him and the local Native Americans. The story of the massacre shocked the United States Congress into action concerning the future territorial status of the Oregon Country. The Oregon Territory was established on August 14, 1848. The killings are usually ascribed in part to a clash of cultures and in part to the inability of Whitman, a physician, to halt the spread of measles among the Natives. The Cayuse held Whitman responsible for subsequent deaths. The incident remains controversial to this day; the Whitmans are regarded by some as pioneer heroes, while others see them as settlers who had attempted to impose their religion on the Natives and otherwise intrude, even allegedly poisoning them. In 2021, Blaine Harden published \"Murder at the Mission\" to explore how myths around the massacre and Marcus Whitman were spread by Henry Harmon Spalding who survived the incident. Spalding was able to persuade the US Senate to print an official pamphlet about Whitman which was full of falsehoods. The mythology surrounding the massacre was used as a justification for taking land from the Cayuse people."@en . . . . . . . . . "Masakra Whitman\u00F3w (zwana tak\u017Ce masakr\u0105 pod Walla-Walla) mia\u0142a miejsce w dniu 29 listopada 1847 r. w pobli\u017Cu dzisiejszego miasta Walla Walla w stanie Waszyngton (\u00F3wcze\u015Bnie ). W dokonanej przez Indian z plemienia Cayuse i Umatilla masakrze \u015Bmier\u0107 poni\u00F3s\u0142 lekarz i misjonarz Marcus Whitman, jego \u017Cona oraz 15 bia\u0142ych osadnik\u00F3w."@pl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Das Whitman-Massaker, auch Walla-Walla-Massaker genannt, war ein Vorfall im Oregon-Gebiet in der N\u00E4he des heutigen Walla Walla, bei dem am 29. November 1847 der Arzt und Missionar Marcus Whitman, seine Frau und elf weitere wei\u00DFe Siedler von Indianern der St\u00E4mme Cayuse und Umatilla ermordet wurden."@de . "Dramatic depiction of the incident, from Eleven years in the Rocky Mountains and a life on the frontier by Frances Fuller Victor."@en . .