. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "The continuation, succession and revival of the Roman Empire is a running theme of the history of Europe and the Mediterranean Basin. It reflects the lasting memories of power and prestige associated with the Roman Empire itself. Several polities have claimed immediate continuity with the Roman Empire, using its name or a variation thereof as their own exclusive or non-exclusive self-description. As centuries went by and more political ruptures occurred, the idea of institutional continuity became increasingly debatable. The most enduring and significant claimants of continuation of the Roman Empire have been, in the East, the Ottoman Empire and Russian Empire which both claimed succession of the Byzantine Empire after 1453; and in the West, the Holy Roman Empire from 800 to 1806. Separately from claims of continuation, the view that the Empire had ended has led to various attempts to revive it or appropriate its legacy, notably in the case of Orthodox Russia. The vocabulary of a \"Third Rome\", the \"First Rome\" being Rome in Italy and the \"Second Rome\" being Constantinople in the Byzantine Empire, is often used to convey such assertions of legitimate succession."@en . "Kelanjutan, suksesi, dan kebangkitan Kekaisaran Romawi adalah tema sejarah Eropa dan Pesisir Laut Tengah yang terus terjadi. Hal tersebut mencerminkan kenangan abadi bangsa-bangas Eropa terhadap kekuasaan dan prestise yang terkait dengan Kekaisaran Romawi itu sendiri. Beberapa pemerintahan telah mengklaim kesinambungan langsung dengan Kekaisaran Romawi, menggunakan nama atau variasinya sebagai deskripsi dari pemerintahannya baik secara eksklusif maupun non-eksklusif. Tidak mengherankan, ketika berabad-abad telah berlalu dan semakin banyak perpecahan politik yang terjadi, gagasan tentang kontinuitas institusional menjadi semakin diperdebatkan. Pengakuan yang paling lama bertahan dan paling signifikan dari kelanjutan Kekaisaran Romawi adalah Kekaisaran Bizantium, Kesultanan Utsmaniyah, dan Kekaisaran Romawi Suci. Terpisah dari klaim kelanjutan tersebut, pandangan bahwa Kekaisaran Romawi telah berakhir menyebabkan berbagai upaya untuk menghidupkannya kembali atau melanjutkan warisannya. Dalam konteks Rusia Ortodoks sejak abad ke-16 dan Italia modern antara tahun 1870 hingga 1945, upaya tersebut menggunakan kosakata \"Roma Ketiga\" (\"Roma Pertama\" dan \"Roma Kedua\", masing-masing adalah Roma di Italia dan Konstantinopel di Kekaisaran Bizantium) untuk menyampaikan pernyataan mereka tentang suksesi yang sah. \n* l \n* \n* s"@in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "88692"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "300"^^ . . . . . . "1123896847"^^ . . . . . . . "Merovingian bees in gold and garnet cloisonn\u00E9 from the Tomb of Childeric I, the inspiration for Napoleonic bees"@en . . "Kelanjutan, suksesi, dan kebangkitan Kekaisaran Romawi adalah tema sejarah Eropa dan Pesisir Laut Tengah yang terus terjadi. Hal tersebut mencerminkan kenangan abadi bangsa-bangas Eropa terhadap kekuasaan dan prestise yang terkait dengan Kekaisaran Romawi itu sendiri. \n* l \n* \n* s"@in . . . . 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\u0648\u0625\u064A\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064A\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062D\u062F\u064A\u062B\u0629 \u0628\u064A\u0646 1870 \u06481945 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062D\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062A \u0641\u064A \u0633\u064A\u0627\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062B\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062F\u0627\u062A \u0645\u0639\u064A\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062B\u0644 \u00AB\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0644\u062B\u0629\u00BB (\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062B\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629\u060C \u0647\u064A \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064A\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064A\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062A) \u0644\u062A\u0623\u0643\u064A\u062F \u062A\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639."@ar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Respective Italian territories of the Roman Empire and Lombards ."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Basil I from the Chronikon of Ioannis Skylitzes.jpg"@en . . . "Both buildings are thought to be modelled on large audience halls of the Imperial Palace in Constantinople, such as the Chrysotriklinos or Golden Reception Hall. San Vitale may also have served as direct inspiration for the Aachen Chapel."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La continuazione, successione e ricostituzione dell'Impero romano \u00E8 un tema ricorrente della storia dell'Europa e del bacino del Mediterraneo, riflesso del duraturo ricordo di potere e prestigio associato allo stesso Impero."@it . . . "The continuation, succession and revival of the Roman Empire is a running theme of the history of Europe and the Mediterranean Basin. It reflects the lasting memories of power and prestige associated with the Roman Empire itself."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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"Succession of the Roman Empire"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "La continuazione, successione e ricostituzione dell'Impero romano \u00E8 un tema ricorrente della storia dell'Europa e del bacino del Mediterraneo, riflesso del duraturo ricordo di potere e prestigio associato allo stesso Impero. Diverse entit\u00E0 politiche hanno rivendicato un'immediata continuit\u00E0 con l'Impero di Roma, usandone il nome (o variazioni di esso) come descrittore, esclusivo o meno, di s\u00E9. Naturalmente, con il passare dei secoli e il verificarsi di varie e consecutive frammentazioni politiche, l'idea di qualsiasi continuit\u00E0 istituzionale \u00E8 divenuta progressivamente meno difendibile. I pi\u00F9 durevoli e importanti pretendenti alla continuazione dell'Impero romano sono stati, in Oriente, l'Impero bizantino, seguito dopo il 1453 dall'Impero ottomano, e, in Occidente, l'Impero carolingio e il Sacro Romano Impero. Oltre alle rivendicazioni di continuit\u00E0, l'opinione che l'Impero avesse invece effettivamente avuto termine ha portato a vari tentativi di ricostituirlo o di appropriarsi della sua eredit\u00E0, come nel caso significativo della Russia ortodossa. L'espressione Terza Roma (considerando come Prima Roma l'Urbe originale e come Seconda Roma la Costantinopoli bizantina) \u00E8 spesso utilizzata per esprimere tali rivendicazioni di legittima successione."@it . . . . . "Rotari's Italy.svg"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna, designed under the Ostrogothic Kingdom in 526"@en . "Unclear who and how they connected these concepts"@en . . "Louis II of Italy.png"@en . . . "Liutprand's Italy.svg"@en . . . . . "Successione dell'Impero romano"@it . . . . . . "744"^^ . . . . "751"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Aistulf's Italy-en.png"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Suksesi Kekaisaran Romawi"@in . "\u062A\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064A\u0629"@ar . . . . "Napoleon's \"Crown of Charlemagne\""@en . . . "Crown of Napoleon I.png"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "right"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "600"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . "652"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Palatine Chapel, Aachen, designed under Charlemagne around 792"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Alboin's Italy-it.svg"@en . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "150"^^ . "572"^^ . . . "434048"^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . "Abeilles de Child\u00E9ric Ier.jpg"@en . . . . . . . . "May 2022"@en . . . . . . . "Emperors Basil I and Louis II"@en . . "Ravenna Basilica of San Vitale wideangle.jpg"@en . . . . . . . . . "Aix dom int vue cote.jpg"@en .