@prefix rdf: . @prefix yago: . rdf:type yago:TaxonomicGroup107992450 , yago:Variety108101085 , yago:Group100031264 , yago:Breed108101410 , yago:Abstraction100002137 , yago:AnimalGroup107993929 , yago:BiologicalGroup107941170 , yago:WikicatBreeds . @prefix dbo: . rdf:type dbo:Plant . @prefix owl: . rdf:type owl:Thing , yago:WikicatTaxonomicCategories . @prefix rdfs: . rdfs:label "Ras"@sv , "\u54C1\u7A2E"@ja , "Proles"@fr , "Rasse"@de , "Raso (biologio)"@eo , "Raza"@es , "Ras hewan dan tumbuhan"@in , "Rasa"@pl , "\uD488\uC885"@ko , "Ra\u00E7a (biologia)"@pt , "\u54C1\u7A2E"@zh , "\u0639\u0631\u0642 (\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641)"@ar , "Race (biology)"@en , "Razza"@it , "Arraza (biologia)"@eu , "Cine"@ga , "\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0430 (\u0431\u0438\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u044F)"@ru ; rdfs:comment "\u54C1\u7A2E\uFF08\u3072\u3093\u3057\u3085\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u751F\u7269\u306E\u7A2E\u4EE5\u4E0B\u306E\u751F\u7269\u96C6\u56E3\u306E\u5358\u4F4D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u65E5\u672C\u8A9E\u3067\u306F\u3001\u7570\u306A\u308B\u610F\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3082\u306E\u304C\u6DF7\u5728\u3057\u3066\u300C\u54C1\u7A2E\u300D\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u3046\u308B\u3002\u4EE5\u4E0B\u306E\u3082\u306E\u304C\u6319\u3052\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002 \n* \u690D\u7269\u306E\u54C1\u7A2E \n* \u690D\u7269\u5B66\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u54C1\u7A2E \n* \u683D\u57F9\u54C1\u7A2E(\u5712\u82B8\u54C1\u7A2E) \n* \u6CD5\u5F8B\u7528\u8A9E\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306E\u690D\u7269\u54C1\u7A2E \n* \u52D5\u7269\u306E\u54C1\u7A2E\uFF08\u8840\u7D71\uFF09\uFF08breed\uFF09"@ja , "\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u0445 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430, \u0438\u043C\u0435\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043C\u043E\u0440\u0444\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044F \u043E\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0431\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0435\u0439. \u041F\u043E\u044F\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043C\u043E\u0440\u0444\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043B\u044C\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043E\u043C \u043C\u0438\u043A\u0440\u043E\u044D\u0432\u043E\u043B\u044E\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u043A \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044E. \u0421\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043C\u0438\u043D \u00AB\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430\u00BB \u043D\u0435 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043E\u0433\u0438\u043C \u0438\u043D\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043E\u0432\u044B\u043C \u0442\u0430\u043A\u0441\u043E\u043D\u043E\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u043C \u0440\u0430\u043D\u0433\u043E\u043C. \u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E \u043F\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0438\u044F \u0431\u0438\u043E\u0433\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430 (\u0433\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F) \u0438 (\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0435) \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430 \u043E\u0442\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0441 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043E\u043C. \u0422\u0430\u043A\u0436\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043E \u043E\u0442\u043E\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043B\u044F\u044E\u0442\u0441\u044F \u043F\u043E\u043D\u044F\u0442\u0438\u044F \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u0442\u0438\u043F. \u041F\u0440\u0438 \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u044D\u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044E\u0442 \u0441\u043E\u043E\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043D\u043D\u043E \u043C\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043D\u0438\u0437\u043C\u044B \u0430\u043B\u043B\u043E\u043F\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E (\u0433\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E) \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043C\u043F\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E (\u044D\u043A\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E) \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043E\u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u0438\u044F."@ru , "Le proles d\u00E9signait dans le domaine de la taxinomie, de la botanique, ou pour les amp\u00E9lographes, un rang taxinomique synonyme de celui de race (d\u00E9nomination plus r\u00E9cente)."@fr , "\u0641\u064A \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0631\u0652\u0642 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Race)\u200F\u060C \u0647\u064A \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641\u064A. \u0648\u062A\u064F\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u062A\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062F\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064F\u0648\u064A\u0651\u0639. \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062C\u064A\u060C \u064A\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641\u064B\u0627 \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062A\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064A\u0629\u060C \u062F\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u064A\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064A\u0629). \u0648\u064A\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064A \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062D\u064A\u062B \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062F\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u062A\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064B\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062D\u062F\u064B\u0627. \u064A\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060C \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062F\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064A\u062D\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u064A \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062C\u064A\u0629."@ar , "Roinn idirdhealaithe gn\u00E9, suntasach \u00F3 thaobh na bitheola\u00EDochta, agus na difr\u00EDochta\u00ED idir na cin\u00ED n\u00EDos m\u00F3 n\u00E1 na h\u00E9ags\u00FAlachta\u00ED taobh istigh d\u00EDobh. Is \u00E1isi\u00FAil an coincheap \u00E9 le cur s\u00EDos ar na h\u00E9ags\u00FAlachta\u00ED i gcuid mhaith planda\u00ED is ainmhithe, mar is f\u00E9idir glacadh le cine mar fhoghn\u00E9, ach n\u00ED fi\u00FA dada \u00E9 maidir le h\u00E9ags\u00FAlachta\u00ED bitheola\u00EDocha i ndaoine."@ga , "\uD488\uC885(\u54C1\u7A2E)\uC740 \uD558\uB098\uC758 \uC885\uC744 \uD615\uC9C8\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C \uAD6C\uBD84\uD55C \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C, \uC544\uC885 \uBC0F \uBCC0\uC885\uBCF4\uB2E4\uB3C4 \uB0AE\uC740 \uB2E8\uACC4\uC774\uB2E4."@ko , "Em taxonomia biol\u00F3gica, ra\u00E7a \u00E9 uma classifica\u00E7\u00E3o informal na hierarquia taxon\u00F4mica, abaixo do n\u00EDvel das subesp\u00E9cies; usada como uma classifica\u00E7\u00E3o mais alta do que estirpe, com v\u00E1rias estirpes formando uma ra\u00E7a. Existem v\u00E1rias defini\u00E7\u00F5es; as ra\u00E7as podem ser popula\u00E7\u00F5es de indiv\u00EDduos geneticamente distintos dentro da mesma esp\u00E9cie, ou que podem ser definidos de outras formas, como por exemplo, geograficamente, ou fisiologicamente. O entre ra\u00E7as n\u00E3o \u00E9 completo, e as as diferen\u00E7as gen\u00E9ticas que podem ter se acumulado n\u00E3o s\u00E3o suficientes para separar em esp\u00E9cies."@pt , "\u54C1\u7A2E\u662F\u751F\u7269\u5206\u985E\u5B78\u4E0A\u5206\u985E\u5C64\u6B21\u4E2D\u7684\u975E\u6B63\u5F0F\u7B49\u7D1A\u3002 \u5728\u751F\u7269\u5B78\u4E2D\u53EF\u80FD\u662F\u6307\uFF1A \n* \u5BB6\u517B\u52D5\u7269\u4E2D\u7531\u4EBA\u985E\u9009\u80B2\u7684\u5177\u6709\u67D0\u79CD\u6216\u67D0\u4E9B\u7279\u6B8A\u800C\u7A33\u5B9A\u7684\u76F8\u540C\u6027\u72B6\u7684\u79CD\u4E0B\u7C7B\u7FA4\u5355\u4F4D\uFF0C\u8A73\u898B\u54C1\u7A2E (\u52D5\u7269)\u3002 \n* \u683D\u57F9\u690D\u7269\u4E2D\u7531\u4EBA\u985E\u9009\u80B2\u7684\u5177\u6709\u67D0\u79CD\u6216\u67D0\u4E9B\u7279\u6B8A\u800C\u7A33\u5B9A\u7684\u76F8\u540C\u6027\u72B6\u7684\u7C7B\u7FA4\u5355\u4F4D\uFF0C\u8A73\u898B\u683D\u57F9\u54C1\u7A2E\u3002 \n* \u5FAE\u751F\u7269\u8207\u75C5\u6BD2\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4E00\u7FA4\u5728\u907A\u50B3\u4E0A\u76F8\u8FD1\u7684\u985E\u578B\u3002 \n* \u5BE6\u9A57\u4E2D\u6240\u4F7F\u7528\u7684\u8001\u9F20\u3001\u5927\u9F20\u6216\u662F\u5176\u4ED6\u56D3\u9F52\u985E\u7684\u907A\u50B3\u985E\u578B\u3002"@zh , "Ras, dalam beberapa penggunaan, biakan dalam biologi adalah sekelompok individu dengan penampilan serupa/seragam sebagai hasil proses seleksi, baik secara alami maupun buatan (dikendalikan oleh manusia). Istilah ras dalam perkembangan sekarang lebih banyak dipakai di ranah ilmu-ilmu kehewanan (zoologi, peternakan, dan kedokteran hewan)."@in , "Rasa \u2013 dostatecznie liczna grupa organizm\u00F3w w obr\u0119bie jednego gatunku, zdolna do rozmna\u017Cania w warunkach naturalnych, o wsp\u00F3lnym pochodzeniu i wsp\u00F3lnych cechach istotnych dla odr\u00F3\u017Cnienia jej od innych organizm\u00F3w tego gatunku. Rasa wykszta\u0142ca si\u0119 samorzutnie lub zostaje wyhodowana przez cz\u0142owieka w wyniku stosowanych metod hodowlanych. Dawniej r\u00F3wnie\u017C kategoria systematyczna zajmuj\u0105ca ni\u017Cszy poziom ni\u017C gatunek. Obecnie cz\u0119\u015Bciowo zast\u0105piona przez podgatunek. Jako kategoria oparta na fenotypie, a nie genotypie znajduje si\u0119 poza wsp\u00F3\u0142czesn\u0105 taksonomi\u0105."@pl , "Rasse ist eine umstrittene Bezeichnung f\u00FCr eine Gruppe von Individuen der gleichen (Tier-)Art, die anhand willk\u00FCrlich gew\u00E4hlter \u00C4hnlichkeiten des Ph\u00E4notyps (Aussehen, physiologische Merkmale, Verhalten) klassifiziert werden. Mit der Abgrenzung zu einer bestimmten \u201ERasse\u201C wird eine direkte genetische Abstammungslinie aller Gruppenmitglieder unterstellt. Zur Beschreibung der individuellen Zugeh\u00F6rigkeit zu einer V\u00F6lkergruppe ist allgemein die Bezeichnung Ethnie \u00FCblich. Wenn es um geographische N\u00E4he mit Genaustausch geht, l\u00E4sst sich der Begriff Population verwenden."@de , "In biological taxonomy, race is an informal rank in the taxonomic hierarchy for which various definitions exist. Sometimes it is used to denote a level below that of subspecies, while at other times it is used as a synonym for subspecies. It has been used as a higher rank than strain, with several strains making up one race. Races may be genetically distinct populations of individuals within the same species, or they may be defined in other ways, e.g. geographically, or physiologically. Genetic isolation between races is not complete, but genetic differences may have accumulated that are not (yet) sufficient to separate species."@en , "Ras \u00E4r en avelsklassificering av individer inom en djurart i grupper som k\u00E4nnetecknas av specifika gemensamma \u00E4rftliga egenskaper, men \u00E4nd\u00E5 kan reproducera sig med individer fr\u00E5n andra raser. Till skillnad fr\u00E5n det biologiska begreppet underart (som uppkommit till f\u00F6ljd av geografisk isolering under l\u00E5ng tid) har begreppet ras olika definitioner. Det anv\u00E4nds fr\u00E4mst f\u00F6r s\u00E5dana varieteter av domesticerade djur som m\u00E4nniskan skapat genom selektiv avel. Motsvarigheten bland odlade v\u00E4xter kallas sort. I vissa sammanhang anv\u00E4nds begreppen underart och ras synonymt."@sv , "Biologian, arraza edo enda zenbait espezie biologikoetan ageri den azpimultzo taxonomikoa da, azpiespezie mailaren azpikoa, gaur egun zientifikoki baztertuta dagoena.Espeziea baino maila baxuagoko talde taxonomikoa da, ezaugarri hereditario berak dituzten indibiduoez osatua. . Hitza XVI. mendean hasi zen erabiltzen eta XIX. mendean izan zuen erabilera gailurra. Egun oraindik maiz erabiltzen da, batez ere etxe abereei (txakurrei, katuei, txerriei, etab.) lotutako azpimultzoak izendatzeko."@eu , "En biolog\u00EDa, raza se refiere a los grupos en que se subdividen algunas especies sobre la base de rasgos fenot\u00EDpicos, a partir de una serie de caracter\u00EDsticas que se transmiten por herencia gen\u00E9tica.\u200B El t\u00E9rmino raza comenz\u00F3 a usarse en el siglo XVI y tuvo su auge en el siglo XIX, adoptando incluso una categor\u00EDa taxon\u00F3mica equivalente a subespecie. En 1905, el Congreso Internacional de Bot\u00E1nica elimin\u00F3 el valor taxon\u00F3mico de raza para las plantas. Su uso se mantiene en la lengua com\u00FAn y es muy frecuente cuando se trata de animales dom\u00E9sticos."@es , "Il termine \"razza\" si riferisce a particolari gruppi in cui possono essere suddivise alcune specie biologiche. Il termine \u00E8 di uso zootecnico e non zoologico in quanto non identifica un'unit\u00E0 o categoria tassonomica, ma un gruppo animale creato artificialmente e appartenente agli animali domesticati dall'uomo. Il gruppo \u00E8 considerato attinente a una medesima specie. Viene selezionato con metodologie diverse per le caratteristiche ereditarie comuni che lo identificano come un sottoinsieme differenziato, spesso anche in modo piuttosto marcato, da eventuali altri gruppi della stessa specie."@it , "En biologio, raso estas distinga populacio ene de la sama specio. La tradicia apartigo de rasoj bazi\u011Das ne sur genetikaj diferencoj, sed sur fenotipo."@eo . @prefix foaf: . foaf:depiction . @prefix dcterms: . @prefix dbc: . dcterms:subject dbc:Speciation , dbc:Taxa_by_rank ; dbo:wikiPageID 2046950 ; dbo:wikiPageRevisionID 1117071659 . @prefix dbr: . dbo:wikiPageWikiLink dbr:Mating , dbr:Geographical_isolation , , dbr:Cucumis_melo , dbr:Biological_nomenclature , dbr:Ernst_Mayr , dbr:Botany , , , dbr:Subspecies , , dbc:Speciation , dbr:Brown_planthopper , dbr:Microbe , dbr:List_of_domesticated_animals , , dbr:Species_complex , dbr:Cryptic_species , dbr:Population , dbr:Nomenclature_code , dbr:Fungus , dbr:Forma_specialis , , dbr:Taxonomic_rank , dbr:Combining_form , , dbr:Genetic_isolate , , dbr:Infraspecific_name , dbr:Phytopathology , dbr:Mycology , dbr:Parasitism , , dbr:Ploidy , dbr:Cucurbit_powdery_mildew , dbr:Allopatry , dbr:Cognate , dbr:Stem_rust , , dbr:Podosphaera_xanthii , dbr:Cultivar , , dbr:Nomenclature_codes , dbr:Species , dbr:Domesticated_plants , dbr:Intergradation , dbr:International_Botanical_Congress , dbr:Latin , dbr:Hemideina_thoracica , , dbr:Physiology , dbr:Landrace , dbr:Pathogen , dbr:Pathovar , dbr:Horticulture , dbr:Ecotype , dbc:Taxa_by_rank , dbr:Ovipositor , dbr:Sympatry , dbr:Binomial_nomenclature , dbr:Phycology , dbr:Ring_species , dbr:Habitat , dbr:Karyotype , dbr:Phenotype , dbr:Adaptation , , dbr:Literature_review , dbr:Genetics , dbr:Breed , dbr:Chromosome ; owl:sameAs . @prefix dbpedia-da: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-da:Race , . @prefix dbpedia-sv: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-sv:Ras . @prefix dbpedia-id: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-id:Ras_hewan_dan_tumbuhan , . @prefix wikidata: . owl:sameAs wikidata:Q918036 . @prefix ns13: . owl:sameAs ns13:Raza , , , , , , , , , . @prefix dbpedia-no: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-no:Rase . @prefix dbpedia-nn: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-nn:Rase . @prefix dbpedia-io: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-io:Raso , , . @prefix dbpedia-de: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-de:Rasse , . @prefix dbpedia-it: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-it:Razza , , . @prefix dbpedia-es: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-es:Raza . @prefix dbpedia-ga: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-ga:Cine . @prefix dbpedia-pl: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-pl:Rasa , , , . @prefix dbpedia-fr: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-fr:Proles . @prefix dbpedia-fi: . owl:sameAs dbpedia-fi:Rotu , , , , . @prefix dbp: . @prefix dbt: . dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate dbt:Term , dbt:Glossary_end , dbt:Short_description , dbt:Portal , dbt:Reflist , dbt:Glossary_start , dbt:Em , dbt:Authority_control , dbt:Vanchor , dbt:Defn ; dbo:thumbnail ; dbo:abstract "Ras, dalam beberapa penggunaan, biakan dalam biologi adalah sekelompok individu dengan penampilan serupa/seragam sebagai hasil proses seleksi, baik secara alami maupun buatan (dikendalikan oleh manusia). Istilah ras dalam perkembangan sekarang lebih banyak dipakai di ranah ilmu-ilmu kehewanan (zoologi, peternakan, dan kedokteran hewan). Di lingkungan botani (ilmu tumbuhan), istilah ras pernah dipakai tetapi sekarang disamakan dengan kultivar. Suatu ras tanaman dapat terbentuk di alam akibat kondisi geografis/lingkungan yang spesifik (kadang-kadang dengan campur tangan manusia apabila merupakan jenis yang dibudidayakan) dan disebut sebagai ras lokal (landrace). Ras lokal biasanya masih memiliki variasi alami sehingga tidak sepenuhnya seragam. Contohnya adalah padi wangi Cianjur (yang asli, sebelum dijadikan varietas unggul). Ras lokal dapat merupakan langkah awal terbentuknya suatu anak-jenis (subspesies) atau bahkan jenis (spesies) baru. Perakitan yang dilakukan oleh manusia melahirkan berbagai ras buatan. Berbagai metode seleksi dan isolasi dilakukan dengan mengarahkan pada satu paket fenotipe tertentu (diistilahkan ideotipe, \"tipe ideal\") atas pertimbangan ekonomi (ternak) atau estetika (hewan peliharaan atau tanaman hias). Suatu ras tertentu diberi berbagai batasan untuk menghindari terjadinya variasi yang terlalu besar. Pembatasan ini biasanya dilakukan oleh suatu organisasi penangkar/pemulia yang ditunjuk. Ras atau biakan dapat dinyatakan murni (true-breed) apabila dua individu dari ras yang sama yang dikawinkan akan menghasilkan keturunan subur (fertil, tidak mandul) dengan ciri-ciri yang sama seperti kedua . Istilah \"ras\" juga dipakai dalam taksonomi hewan bagi spesies tertentu sebagai suatu takson di bawah spesies meskipun sekarang tidak diakui lagi secara ilmiah. Taksonomi hewan secara resmi hanya mengakui subspesies sebagai takson di bawah peringkat spesies/jenis."@in , "Le proles d\u00E9signait dans le domaine de la taxinomie, de la botanique, ou pour les amp\u00E9lographes, un rang taxinomique synonyme de celui de race (d\u00E9nomination plus r\u00E9cente)."@fr , "Rasa \u2013 dostatecznie liczna grupa organizm\u00F3w w obr\u0119bie jednego gatunku, zdolna do rozmna\u017Cania w warunkach naturalnych, o wsp\u00F3lnym pochodzeniu i wsp\u00F3lnych cechach istotnych dla odr\u00F3\u017Cnienia jej od innych organizm\u00F3w tego gatunku. Rasa wykszta\u0142ca si\u0119 samorzutnie lub zostaje wyhodowana przez cz\u0142owieka w wyniku stosowanych metod hodowlanych. Dawniej r\u00F3wnie\u017C kategoria systematyczna zajmuj\u0105ca ni\u017Cszy poziom ni\u017C gatunek. Obecnie cz\u0119\u015Bciowo zast\u0105piona przez podgatunek. Jako kategoria oparta na fenotypie, a nie genotypie znajduje si\u0119 poza wsp\u00F3\u0142czesn\u0105 taksonomi\u0105. Proces ewolucyjnego powstawania ras to rasogeneza."@pl , "In biological taxonomy, race is an informal rank in the taxonomic hierarchy for which various definitions exist. Sometimes it is used to denote a level below that of subspecies, while at other times it is used as a synonym for subspecies. It has been used as a higher rank than strain, with several strains making up one race. Races may be genetically distinct populations of individuals within the same species, or they may be defined in other ways, e.g. geographically, or physiologically. Genetic isolation between races is not complete, but genetic differences may have accumulated that are not (yet) sufficient to separate species. The term is recognized by some, but not governed by any of the formal codes of biological nomenclature. Taxonomic units below the level of subspecies are not typically applied to animals."@en , "\uD488\uC885(\u54C1\u7A2E)\uC740 \uD558\uB098\uC758 \uC885\uC744 \uD615\uC9C8\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C \uAD6C\uBD84\uD55C \uAC83\uC73C\uB85C, \uC544\uC885 \uBC0F \uBCC0\uC885\uBCF4\uB2E4\uB3C4 \uB0AE\uC740 \uB2E8\uACC4\uC774\uB2E4."@ko , "En biolog\u00EDa, raza se refiere a los grupos en que se subdividen algunas especies sobre la base de rasgos fenot\u00EDpicos, a partir de una serie de caracter\u00EDsticas que se transmiten por herencia gen\u00E9tica.\u200B El t\u00E9rmino raza comenz\u00F3 a usarse en el siglo XVI y tuvo su auge en el siglo XIX, adoptando incluso una categor\u00EDa taxon\u00F3mica equivalente a subespecie. En 1905, el Congreso Internacional de Bot\u00E1nica elimin\u00F3 el valor taxon\u00F3mico de raza para las plantas. Su uso se mantiene en la lengua com\u00FAn y es muy frecuente cuando se trata de animales dom\u00E9sticos. En el caso del ser humano (Homo sapiens) los especialistas afirman que es inadecuado el uso del t\u00E9rmino raza para referirse a cada uno de los diversos o diferentes grupos humanos,\u200B y se considera que es m\u00E1s apropiado utilizar los t\u00E9rminos etnia o poblaci\u00F3n para definirlos. M\u00E1s a\u00FAn, los cient\u00EDficos consideran que para referirse a seres humanos, biogen\u00E9ticamente, las \u00ABrazas\u00BB no existen,\u200B trat\u00E1ndose solo de interpretaciones sociales.\u200B\u200B\u200B\u200B"@es , "Biologian, arraza edo enda zenbait espezie biologikoetan ageri den azpimultzo taxonomikoa da, azpiespezie mailaren azpikoa, gaur egun zientifikoki baztertuta dagoena.Espeziea baino maila baxuagoko talde taxonomikoa da, ezaugarri hereditario berak dituzten indibiduoez osatua. . Hitza XVI. mendean hasi zen erabiltzen eta XIX. mendean izan zuen erabilera gailurra. Egun oraindik maiz erabiltzen da, batez ere etxe abereei (txakurrei, katuei, txerriei, etab.) lotutako azpimultzoak izendatzeko. Arrazak ezaugarri fenotipikoetan oinarritzen dira, espezieak berriz, ezaugarri fenotipikoez gain, ezaugarri genetikoetan. Etxaberei dagokienez, FAO-k horrela definitzen du terminoa: Arraza etxabereen talde homogeneo bat da, azpiespezifikoa, kanpoko ezaugarri zehatzak dauzkana eta aldi berean identifikagarriak direnak. Beraz begiratu batez espezie berberan eta era berean definitutako beste taldetatik bereiztu daitezkenak. Baita ere talde homogeneo bat da, antzeko beste talde fenotipikoekiko dela eta, akordioa badagoela bere aparteko identitatearen inguruan."@eu , "\u54C1\u7A2E\u662F\u751F\u7269\u5206\u985E\u5B78\u4E0A\u5206\u985E\u5C64\u6B21\u4E2D\u7684\u975E\u6B63\u5F0F\u7B49\u7D1A\u3002 \u5728\u751F\u7269\u5B78\u4E2D\u53EF\u80FD\u662F\u6307\uFF1A \n* \u5BB6\u517B\u52D5\u7269\u4E2D\u7531\u4EBA\u985E\u9009\u80B2\u7684\u5177\u6709\u67D0\u79CD\u6216\u67D0\u4E9B\u7279\u6B8A\u800C\u7A33\u5B9A\u7684\u76F8\u540C\u6027\u72B6\u7684\u79CD\u4E0B\u7C7B\u7FA4\u5355\u4F4D\uFF0C\u8A73\u898B\u54C1\u7A2E (\u52D5\u7269)\u3002 \n* \u683D\u57F9\u690D\u7269\u4E2D\u7531\u4EBA\u985E\u9009\u80B2\u7684\u5177\u6709\u67D0\u79CD\u6216\u67D0\u4E9B\u7279\u6B8A\u800C\u7A33\u5B9A\u7684\u76F8\u540C\u6027\u72B6\u7684\u7C7B\u7FA4\u5355\u4F4D\uFF0C\u8A73\u898B\u683D\u57F9\u54C1\u7A2E\u3002 \n* \u5FAE\u751F\u7269\u8207\u75C5\u6BD2\u4E2D\uFF0C\u4E00\u7FA4\u5728\u907A\u50B3\u4E0A\u76F8\u8FD1\u7684\u985E\u578B\u3002 \n* \u5BE6\u9A57\u4E2D\u6240\u4F7F\u7528\u7684\u8001\u9F20\u3001\u5927\u9F20\u6216\u662F\u5176\u4ED6\u56D3\u9F52\u985E\u7684\u907A\u50B3\u985E\u578B\u3002"@zh , "En biologio, raso estas distinga populacio ene de la sama specio. La tradicia apartigo de rasoj bazi\u011Das ne sur genetikaj diferencoj, sed sur fenotipo."@eo , "Ras \u00E4r en avelsklassificering av individer inom en djurart i grupper som k\u00E4nnetecknas av specifika gemensamma \u00E4rftliga egenskaper, men \u00E4nd\u00E5 kan reproducera sig med individer fr\u00E5n andra raser. Till skillnad fr\u00E5n det biologiska begreppet underart (som uppkommit till f\u00F6ljd av geografisk isolering under l\u00E5ng tid) har begreppet ras olika definitioner. Det anv\u00E4nds fr\u00E4mst f\u00F6r s\u00E5dana varieteter av domesticerade djur som m\u00E4nniskan skapat genom selektiv avel. Motsvarigheten bland odlade v\u00E4xter kallas sort. I vissa sammanhang anv\u00E4nds begreppen underart och ras synonymt."@sv , "\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043F\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0430\u0445 \u043E\u0434\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430, \u0438\u043C\u0435\u044E\u0449\u0430\u044F \u0433\u0435\u043D\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043C\u043E\u0440\u0444\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438\u0435 \u043E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044F \u043E\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0431\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0435\u0439. \u041F\u043E\u044F\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u0435 \u043C\u043E\u0440\u0444\u043E\u043B\u043E\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F 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\u0434\u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043E\u0447\u043D\u043E \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043B\u0438\u0447\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0434\u043B\u044F \u0432\u044B\u0434\u0435\u043B\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044F \u0432 \u044D\u0442\u043E\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u043D\u0433, \u0442\u043E \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044C \u0433\u0435\u043E\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u0430\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043C\u0430 \u043F\u043E\u043F\u0443\u043B\u044F\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043E\u043B\u0435\u0435 \u043D\u0438\u0437\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0440\u0430\u043D\u0433\u0430 \u043F\u043E \u043E\u0442\u043D\u043E\u0448\u0435\u043D\u0438\u044E \u043A \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443, \u043F\u043E\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0434 \u0436\u0435 \u044F\u0432\u043B\u044F\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043E\u0439, \u0437\u043D\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043B\u044C\u043D\u043E \u043E\u0442\u043B\u0438\u0447\u0430\u044E\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044F \u043E\u0442 \u043E\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043B\u044C\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u043F\u043E\u0434\u043E\u0431\u043D\u044B\u0445 \u0435\u0439."@ru , "Em taxonomia biol\u00F3gica, ra\u00E7a \u00E9 uma classifica\u00E7\u00E3o informal na hierarquia taxon\u00F4mica, abaixo do n\u00EDvel das subesp\u00E9cies; usada como uma classifica\u00E7\u00E3o mais alta do que estirpe, com v\u00E1rias estirpes formando uma ra\u00E7a. Existem v\u00E1rias defini\u00E7\u00F5es; as ra\u00E7as podem ser popula\u00E7\u00F5es de indiv\u00EDduos geneticamente distintos dentro da mesma esp\u00E9cie, ou que podem ser definidos de outras formas, como por exemplo, geograficamente, ou fisiologicamente. O entre ra\u00E7as n\u00E3o \u00E9 completo, e as as diferen\u00E7as gen\u00E9ticas que podem ter se acumulado n\u00E3o s\u00E3o suficientes para separar em esp\u00E9cies. Na bot\u00E2nica, as palavras latinas estirpes e proles eram tradicionalmente usadas, e o uso do termo proles era recomendado no primeiro bot\u00E2nico, publicado em 1868. O termo ra\u00E7a tamb\u00E9m tem sido historicamente usado em rela\u00E7\u00E3o a animais domesticados, como c\u00E3es, cavalos etc."@pt , "\u54C1\u7A2E\uFF08\u3072\u3093\u3057\u3085\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u751F\u7269\u306E\u7A2E\u4EE5\u4E0B\u306E\u751F\u7269\u96C6\u56E3\u306E\u5358\u4F4D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u65E5\u672C\u8A9E\u3067\u306F\u3001\u7570\u306A\u308B\u610F\u5473\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3082\u306E\u304C\u6DF7\u5728\u3057\u3066\u300C\u54C1\u7A2E\u300D\u3068\u547C\u3070\u308C\u3046\u308B\u3002\u4EE5\u4E0B\u306E\u3082\u306E\u304C\u6319\u3052\u3089\u308C\u308B\u3002 \n* \u690D\u7269\u306E\u54C1\u7A2E \n* \u690D\u7269\u5B66\u306B\u304A\u3051\u308B\u54C1\u7A2E \n* \u683D\u57F9\u54C1\u7A2E(\u5712\u82B8\u54C1\u7A2E) \n* \u6CD5\u5F8B\u7528\u8A9E\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306E\u690D\u7269\u54C1\u7A2E \n* \u52D5\u7269\u306E\u54C1\u7A2E\uFF08\u8840\u7D71\uFF09\uFF08breed\uFF09"@ja , "Rasse ist eine umstrittene Bezeichnung f\u00FCr eine Gruppe von Individuen der gleichen (Tier-)Art, die anhand willk\u00FCrlich gew\u00E4hlter \u00C4hnlichkeiten des Ph\u00E4notyps (Aussehen, physiologische Merkmale, Verhalten) klassifiziert werden. Mit der Abgrenzung zu einer bestimmten \u201ERasse\u201C wird eine direkte genetische Abstammungslinie aller Gruppenmitglieder unterstellt. Seit jeher unscharf definiert, wurde der Ausdruck \u201ERasse\u201C fr\u00FCher auf alle m\u00F6glichen Ebenen angewendet (etwa anstelle von \u201EArt\u201C oder \u201ESpezies\u201C). Seit Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts fand eine Festlegung auf subspezifische Gruppen statt (unterhalb der Ebene der Art). Damit wurde \u201ERasse\u201C weitgehend synonym zur Bezeichnung \u201EUnterart\u201C. So schrieb Wolf Schneider noch 1988 in einem Stern-Buch: \u201EDiese Definition deckt sich mit der Rasse; der Begriff \u201AUnterart\u2018 ist also \u00FCberfl\u00FCssig.\u201C In der Biologie wird die Bezeichnung heute vermieden. Von \u201ERassen\u201C wird heute nur noch in Zusammenhang mit der Tierzucht gesprochen, die absichtlich eigene Populationen mit bestimmten Merkmalen z\u00FCchtet. Diese weisen dann zwangsl\u00E4ufig tats\u00E4chlich gro\u00DFe genetische \u00C4hnlichkeiten auf. Die Einteilung der Spezies Mensch in Rassen oder Unterarten hingegen ist aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht heute \u00FCberholt (vergleiche Rassentheorie). Die sichtbaren Unterschiede von Menschen aus verschiedenen geographisch getrennten Gebieten f\u00FChren nicht zu objektiv abgrenzbaren Gruppen, weil optische Unterschiede nicht notwendig auf das Vorhandensein genetischer Unterschiede jenseits des Ph\u00E4notyps hindeuten \u2013 die genetische Variationsbreite innerhalb der sog. \u201ERassen\u201C ist gr\u00F6\u00DFer als zwischen ihnen: \u201EBeim Menschen besteht der mit Abstand gr\u00F6\u00DFte Teil der genetischen Unterschiede nicht zwischen geographischen Populationen, sondern innerhalb solcher Gruppen. [\u2026] \u00C4u\u00DFere Merkmale wie die Hautfarbe, die f\u00FCr die typologische Klassifikation oder im allt\u00E4glichen Rassismus verwendet werden, sind eine h\u00F6chst oberfl\u00E4chliche und leicht wandelbare biologische Anpassung an die jeweiligen \u00F6rtlichen Gegebenheiten.\u201C Zur Beschreibung der individuellen Zugeh\u00F6rigkeit zu einer V\u00F6lkergruppe ist allgemein die Bezeichnung Ethnie \u00FCblich. Wenn es um geographische N\u00E4he mit Genaustausch geht, l\u00E4sst sich der Begriff Population verwenden."@de , "Roinn idirdhealaithe gn\u00E9, suntasach \u00F3 thaobh na bitheola\u00EDochta, agus na difr\u00EDochta\u00ED idir na cin\u00ED n\u00EDos m\u00F3 n\u00E1 na h\u00E9ags\u00FAlachta\u00ED taobh istigh d\u00EDobh. Is \u00E1isi\u00FAil an coincheap \u00E9 le cur s\u00EDos ar na h\u00E9ags\u00FAlachta\u00ED i gcuid mhaith planda\u00ED is ainmhithe, mar is f\u00E9idir glacadh le cine mar fhoghn\u00E9, ach n\u00ED fi\u00FA dada \u00E9 maidir le h\u00E9ags\u00FAlachta\u00ED bitheola\u00EDocha i ndaoine. Na patr\u00FAin \u00E9ags\u00FAlachta\u00ED i measc daoine, is patr\u00FAin taobh istigh de ghr\u00FApa go m\u00F3rmh\u00F3r iad, agus n\u00ED f\u00E9idir teorainneacha soil\u00E9ire a tharraingt idir gr\u00FApa\u00ED. Mar sin, b\u00EDodh is go bhfuil coincheap na gcin\u00ED daonna ann le fada fada, agus go maireann f\u00F3s, n\u00EDl s\u00E9 i gcomhr\u00E9ir le haon chatag\u00F3ir bhitheola\u00EDoch. \u00C9ir\u00EDonn difr\u00EDochta\u00ED bitheola\u00EDocha idir gr\u00FApa\u00ED nuair a bh\u00EDonn na daonra\u00ED s\u00EDolraithe scoite amach \u00F3na ch\u00E9ile ar feadh i bhfad. Ach t\u00E1 teagmh\u00E1il ar si\u00FAl idir na gr\u00FApa\u00ED \u00E9ags\u00FAla daoine \u00F3 l\u00E1r na r\u00E9 Pl\u00E9istic\u00E9in\u00ED ar a laghad, timpeall 600,000 bliain \u00F3 shin. Is m\u00F3 leithne na teagmh\u00E1lacha le 500 bliain anuas le tr\u00E1d\u00E1il, coil\u00EDni\u00FA, imirce is taisteal. Mar sin, b\u00EDonn na cist\u00ED g\u00E9inte ar f\u00E9ithbhogadh an t-am ar fad, agus is beag na codarsnachta\u00ED idir daonra\u00ED i gcompar\u00E1id lena n-\u00E9ags\u00FAlachta\u00ED inmhe\u00E1nacha. Sna ranguithe cin\u00EDocha traidisi\u00FAnta leagtar b\u00E9im ar ghn\u00E9ithe seachtracha, cos\u00FAil le dath an chraicinn n\u00F3 saghas na gruaige, ach na gn\u00E9ithe bun\u00FAsacha eile at\u00E1 cinntithe go g\u00E9initeach, cos\u00FAil le cine\u00E1lacha fola is malairt\u00ED eins\u00EDm\u00ED, is ionann iad seo trasna na ranguithe traidisi\u00FAnta."@ga , "Il termine \"razza\" si riferisce a particolari gruppi in cui possono essere suddivise alcune specie biologiche. Il termine \u00E8 di uso zootecnico e non zoologico in quanto non identifica un'unit\u00E0 o categoria tassonomica, ma un gruppo animale creato artificialmente e appartenente agli animali domesticati dall'uomo. Il gruppo \u00E8 considerato attinente a una medesima specie. Viene selezionato con metodologie diverse per le caratteristiche ereditarie comuni che lo identificano come un sottoinsieme differenziato, spesso anche in modo piuttosto marcato, da eventuali altri gruppi della stessa specie. Esiste un ampio consenso in ambito scientifico nel ritenere che il termine razza non sia applicabile all'essere umano, questo sebbene il suo uso continui da parte di alcuni scienziati in varie accezioni e significati (ad esempio, viene utilizzato in alcune branche dell'antropologia come l'antropologia forense). Mentre alcuni ricercatori lo usano per operare distinzioni all'interno di insiemi sfocati di tratti caratteristici, altri ritengono che il suo uso sia semplicistico. Nel caso dell'essere umano si ritiene che le categorie razziali siano costrutti sociali e che i gruppi razziali non possano essere biologicamente definiti."@it , "\u0641\u064A \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062D\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A\u060C \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0631\u0652\u0642 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062C\u0644\u064A\u0632\u064A\u0629: Race)\u200F\u060C \u0647\u064A \u0623\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641\u064A. \u0648\u062A\u064F\u0633\u062A\u062E\u062F\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u062A\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062F\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064F\u0648\u064A\u0651\u0639. \u0641\u064A \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062C\u064A\u060C \u064A\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641\u064B\u0627 \u063A\u064A\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A \u0641\u064A \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062A\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u064A\u0629\u060C \u062F\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062A\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u064A\u0639 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064A\u0629). \u0648\u064A\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064A \u062A\u0635\u0646\u064A\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062D\u064A\u062B \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u062F\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062A \u062A\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064B\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062D\u062F\u064B\u0627. \u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062C\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062A\u0645\u064A\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062B\u064A\u064B\u0627 \u0641\u064A \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060C \u0648\u064A\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062A\u0639\u0631\u064A\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u062E\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062D\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u064A\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062C\u064A\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062C\u063A\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064A\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u062A\u0643\u062A\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062B\u064A\u0629 \u0628\u064A\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062C\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060C \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062E\u062A\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062A \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062B\u064A\u0629 \u0642\u062F \u062A\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062A\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645\u062A\u060C \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064A\u0636\u064B\u0627 \u0644\u064A\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064A \u0628\u0639\u062F \u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627. \u064A\u0639\u062A\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062D \u0645\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060C \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062F\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064A\u062D\u0643\u0645\u0647 \u0623\u064A \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062A\u0633\u0645\u064A\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064A\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062C\u064A\u0629."@ar . @prefix gold: . gold:hypernym dbr:Rank . @prefix skos: . skos:closeMatch . @prefix prov: . prov:wasDerivedFrom . @prefix xsd: . dbo:wikiPageLength "19421"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger . @prefix ns30: . dcterms:isPartOf ns30:target ; foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf .