. . "6899"^^ . . . . "The Palmer-Bowlus flume, is a class of flumes commonly used to measure the flow of wastewater in sewer pipes and conduits. The Palmer-Bowlus flume has a u-shaped cross-section and was designed to be inserted into, or in line with, pipes and u-channels found in sanitary sewer applications. As a long-throated flume, the point of measurement of the Palmer-Bowlus flume is anywhere upstream of the throat ramp greater than D/2 (D=flume size). Montana flume has a single, specified point of measurement in the contracting section at which the level is measured. Unlike most other flumes used for open channel flow measurement, the Palmer-Bowlus flume can be calibrated by theoretical analysis. The general design of the flume detailed in ASTM D5390: Standard Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water with Palmer-Bowlus Flumes. It is important to note that unlike the Parshall flume, the standard for the flume does not set out specific sizes and flow rates, but only general characteristics for the class of flume. 18 sizes of Palmer-Bowlus flumes have been developed - in line with the common pipe sizes to which they would be adapted - from 4-inches to 72-inches. In practice, though, it is uncommon to see Palmer-Bowlus flumes greater than 24-inches in size. Under average flow conditions, the Palmer-Bowlus flume is accurate to within 3-5%. For lower flow rates - where the depth is low relative to the length of the flume - the accuracy decreases to 5-6%. This error, combined with typical installation / flow meter errors, means that overall site accuracy is somewhat less than other more common flumes."@en . . . . . . . . . "51510936"^^ . . . "The Palmer-Bowlus flume, is a class of flumes commonly used to measure the flow of wastewater in sewer pipes and conduits. The Palmer-Bowlus flume has a u-shaped cross-section and was designed to be inserted into, or in line with, pipes and u-channels found in sanitary sewer applications. 18 sizes of Palmer-Bowlus flumes have been developed - in line with the common pipe sizes to which they would be adapted - from 4-inches to 72-inches. In practice, though, it is uncommon to see Palmer-Bowlus flumes greater than 24-inches in size."@en . "Palmer-Bowlus Flume"@en . . . . . . . "1016569396"^^ . .