"Le traitement du combustible nucl\u00E9aire us\u00E9 (anciennement retraitement des combustibles us\u00E9s) regroupe plusieurs proc\u00E9d\u00E9s m\u00E9caniques et chimiques de traitement du combustible nucl\u00E9aire apr\u00E8s utilisation en r\u00E9acteur, visant \u00E0 s\u00E9parer des \u00E9l\u00E9ments potentiellement r\u00E9utilisables tels que l'uranium et le plutonium, mais \u00E9galement les \u00AB actinides mineurs \u00BB, des produits de fission contenus dans le combustible nucl\u00E9aire irradi\u00E9. Le traitement du combustible us\u00E9 est l'une des \u00E9tapes du cycle du combustible nucl\u00E9aire. Historiquement, les premi\u00E8res techniques de traitement ont \u00E9t\u00E9 d\u00E9velopp\u00E9es pour obtenir le plutonium n\u00E9cessaire pour la fabrication des armes nucl\u00E9aires. Depuis la fin du XXe si\u00E8cle, le traitement du combustible us\u00E9 est utilis\u00E9 par l'industrie nucl\u00E9aire civile de certains pays afin de limiter les d\u00E9chets en r\u00E9utilisant une partie du combustible us\u00E9 par s\u00E9paration de l'uranium de retraitement (URT), qui peut \u00EAtre r\u00E9-enrichi afin de fabriquer du combustible neuf, et du plutonium qui peut \u00EAtre r\u00E9utilis\u00E9 dans un m\u00E9lange d'oxyde d'uranium et de plutonium, le MOX utilisable comme combustible dans certains r\u00E9acteurs \u00E9lectrog\u00E8nes. Actuellement, lors du traitement de combustible us\u00E9, les assemblages combustibles sont cisaill\u00E9s et les morceaux obtenus dissouts dans l'acide nitrique. Les constituants m\u00E9talliques (gaines, structures...) sont conditionn\u00E9s comme d\u00E9chets radioactifs de moyenne activit\u00E9 \u00E0 vie longue (d\u00E9chets MAVL) tandis que les produits de fission et certains actinides sont trait\u00E9s et conditionn\u00E9s pour devenir des d\u00E9chets de haute activit\u00E9 et \u00E0 vie longue (d\u00E9chets HAVL). En France, selon le HCTISN, les quantit\u00E9s de plutonium recycl\u00E9es sont inf\u00E9rieures \u00E0 1 % des d\u00E9chets des centrales atomiques, ce qui permet d'\u00E9conomiser environ 10 % d'uranium. A plus long terme, le recyclage pourrait \u00EAtre plus complet gr\u00E2ce au d\u00E9veloppement d'une fili\u00E8re R\u00E9acteurs \u00E0 neutrons rapides. Des programmes de recherche et des irradiations exp\u00E9rimentales sont aussi men\u00E9s pour d\u00E9velopper le traitement des actinides mineurs."@fr . . . "Reprocessament nuclear"@ca . . "\u041F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044C\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430"@uk . . . . . "Pemrosesan ulang nuklir"@in . . . . "\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0645 \u062A\u0637\u0648\u064A\u0631 \u062A\u0642\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u062A\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0627\u062F\u062A\u0647 \u0643\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062A\u0647\u0644\u0643."@ar . . . . . . . . . . "\u041F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044C\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441, \u0437\u0430 \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0445\u0456\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u044E \u043E\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044C\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430 (\u0412\u042F\u041F) \u0434\u043E\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0443\u0440\u0430\u043D, \u043F\u043B\u0443\u0442\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0456 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0456\u043E\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0456 \u0456\u0437\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043F\u0438."@uk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Per riprocessamento si intendono i processi chimici che consentono la separazione del combustibile nucleare nelle sue principali componenti: uranio, plutonio ed attinidi minori con i prodotti di fissione. Questo processo permette di recuperare nuovo combustibile fissile e quindi avere una resa energetica maggiore dalla stessa quantit\u00E0 di uranio naturale estratto originariamente dalla miniera. Il processo tecnologico maggiormente in uso per il riprocessamento del combustibile nucleare esausto \u00E8 rappresentato dal PUREX, che consiste essenzialmente in una estrazione liquido-liquido."@it . "Reprocesamiento nuclear"@es . . . . . . . . "Traitement du combustible nucl\u00E9aire us\u00E9"@fr . . . . . . . . "\u041F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0430 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u043E\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430"@ru . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\uD575\uC5F0\uB8CC \uC7AC\uCC98\uB9AC"@ko . . . . . . . "\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u5904\u7406"@zh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Riprocessamento"@it . . . . . . . "88248"^^ . "Nuclear reprocessing is the chemical separation of fission products and actinides from spent nuclear fuel. Originally, reprocessing was used solely to extract plutonium for producing nuclear weapons. With commercialization of nuclear power, the reprocessed plutonium was recycled back into MOX nuclear fuel for thermal reactors. The reprocessed uranium, also known as the spent fuel material, can in principle also be re-used as fuel, but that is only economical when uranium supply is low and prices are high. A breeder reactor is not restricted to using recycled plutonium and uranium. It can employ all the actinides, closing the nuclear fuel cycle and potentially multiplying the energy extracted from natural uranium by about 60 times."@en . . "Upparbetning"@sv . . . . . . . "El reprocesamiento nuclear separa cualquier elemento utilizable (por ejemplo el uranio y el plutonio) de productos de fisi\u00F3n y otros materiales existentes en el combustible nuclear gastado en los reactores nucleares. Normalmente, el objetivo es a\u00F1adir estos elementos en un nuevo combustible de \u00F3xido mezclado (MOX), aunque algunos reprocesamientos se realizan para obtener plutonio para armas. Es el proceso que cierra el c\u00EDrculo en el ciclo del combustible nuclear."@es . . . . . "\u041F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0430 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u043E\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441, \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u043F\u0443\u0442\u0451\u043C \u0445\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u043E\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430 (\u041E\u042F\u0422) \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0443\u0440\u0430\u043D, \u043F\u043B\u0443\u0442\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043F\u044B."@ru . . . . . . . . . . "\u041F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0430 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u043E\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441, \u043F\u0440\u0438 \u043A\u043E\u0442\u043E\u0440\u043E\u043C \u043F\u0443\u0442\u0451\u043C \u0445\u0438\u043C\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043A\u043E\u0439 \u043E\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u043A\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u043E\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043E\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043E \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0442\u043E\u043F\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430 (\u041E\u042F\u0422) \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043B\u0435\u043A\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044F \u0443\u0440\u0430\u043D, \u043F\u043B\u0443\u0442\u043E\u043D\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043E\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u044B\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043F\u044B."@ru . . . . . . . . . "\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u6280\u8853\u539F\u6307\u7528\u5316\u5B78\u5206\u96E2\u548C\u7D14\u5316\u7684\u65B9\u6CD5\u5F9E\u7D93\u904E\u8F3B\u7167\u7684\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u4E2D\u5206\u96E2\u53EF\u88C2\u8B8A\u7684\u9208\u540C\u4F4D\u7D20\u3002 \u4F46\u73FE\u4EE3\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u5DF2\u4E0D\u50C5\u50C5\u8457\u91CD\u4E8E\u56DE\u6536\u9208\uFF0C\u9084\u53EF\u4EE5\u5206\u96E2\u5176\u5B83\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5143\u7D20\uFF0C\u6BD4\u5982\u923E\u3001\u751A\u81F3\u8CB4\u91D1\u5C6C\u3002 \u518D\u8655\u7406\u6280\u8853\u6709\u591A\u91CD\u76EE\u7684\uFF0C\u5176\u91CD\u8981\u6027\u96A8\u8457\u6642\u4EE3\u8B8A\u5316\u800C\u8D77\u4F0F\u3002\u8D77\u521D\uFF0C\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u7684\u552F\u4E00\u76EE\u7684\u662F\u5206\u96E2\u53EF\u4EE5\u7528\u4E8E\u88FD\u9020\u539F\u5B50\u5F48\u7684\u9208\u3002\u96A8\u8457\u6838\u96FB\u7AD9\u7684\u666E\u53CA\uFF0C\u4E4F\u71C3\u6599\u8D8A\u4F86\u8D8A\u591A\uFF0C\u65BC\u662F\u9208\u88AB\u4F5C\u70BA\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u7528\u65BC\u71B1\u4E2D\u5B50\u5806\u3002\u542B\u6709\u9208\u7684\u6DF7\u5408\u6C27\u5316\u7269\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u80FD\u5920\u7522\u751F\u66F4\u591A\u7684\u96FB\u529B\uFF0C\u540C\u6642\u9084\u80FD\u5920\u6D88\u8017\u4E00\u90E8\u5206\u9208\u3002 \u5360\u4E4F\u71C3\u6599\u7D55\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u7684\u518D\u8655\u7406\u923E\u53EF\u4EE5\u7528\u65BC\u5FEB\u4E2D\u5B50\u589E\u6B96\u53CD\u61C9\u5806\u3002\u7406\u8AD6\u4E0A\uFF0C\u5FEB\u4E2D\u5B50\u5806\u9084\u53EF\u4EE5\u71C3\u71D2\u9312\u7CFB\u5143\u7D20\u3002\u4F46\u662F\u5728\u923E\u4EF7\u4F4E\u5EC9\u7684\u6642\u4EE3\uFF0C\u5FEB\u4E2D\u5B50\u5806\u5546\u696D\u5316\u9762\u81E8\u5F88\u591A\u56F0\u96E3\u3002 \u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u53EF\u4EE5\u6E1B\u5C11\u9AD8\u653E\u5C04\u6027\u5EE2\u7269\u7684\u9AD4\u7A4D\uFF0C\u4F46\u537B\u4E0D\u80FD\u6E1B\u4F4E\u5176\u653E\u5C04\u6027\u548C\u8870\u8B8A\u71B1\u3002\u56E0\u6B64\uFF0C\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u7121\u6CD5\u6D88\u9664\u9678\u5730\u57CB\u85CF\u6838\u5EE2\u6599\u7684\u5FC5\u8981\u6027\u3002\u653F\u6CBB\u4E0A\uFF0C\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u4E00\u76F4\u53D7\u5230\u722D\u8B70\u3002\u6709\u4EBA\u8072\u7A31\u8A72\u6280\u8853\u80FD\u5920\u4FC3\u9032\u6838\u64F4\u6563\uFF0C\u4EE5\u81F3\u65BC\u589E\u52A0\u6838\u6050\u6016\u4E3B\u7FA9\u7684\u98A8\u96AA\u3002\u6838\u5EE2\u6599\u9678\u5730\u57CB\u85CF\u9EDE\u7684\u9078\u64C7\u4E5F\u662F\u4E00\u500B\u71B1\u9EDE\u554F\u984C\u3002\u518D\u8655\u7406\u7684\u6210\u672C\u554F\u984C\u4E5F\u4E00\u76F4\u70BA\u5916\u754C\u8A6C\u75C5\u3002 \u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u53B0\u9020\u6210\u7684\u6C61\u67D3\u554F\u984C\u4E5F\u662F\u5F88\u591A\u4EBA\u53CD\u5C0D\u6B64\u6280\u8853\u7684\u4E00\u5927\u52D5\u56E0\u3002\u6BD4\u5982\uFF0C\u5927\u91CF\u81EA\u7136\u754C\u4E0D\u5B58\u5728\u653E\u5C04\u6027\u9340\u5728\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u4E2D\u9032\u5165\u74B0\u5883\u3002\u622A\u81F31986\u5E74\uFF0C\u4EBA\u985E\u6838\u53CD\u61C9\u5806\u4E00\u5171\u6392\u653E\u4E861600\u516C\u65A4\u9340\uFF0C\u4E3B\u8981\u662F\u5728\u4E4F\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u904E\u7A0B\u4E2D\u6392\u653E\u7684\uFF1B\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u9032\u5165\u6D77\u6D0B\u3002\u52302005\u5E74\uFF0C\u6700\u4E3B\u8981\u7684\u6392\u653E\u6E90\u662F\u82F1\u570B\u8B1D\u62C9\u6590\u723E\u5FB7\u518D\u8655\u7406\u53B0\uFF08Sellafield Ltd\uFF09\u3002\u636E\u4F30\u8A08\uFF0C1995\u5E74\u52301999\u5E74\uFF0C\u8A72\u5EE0\u4E00\u5171\u5411\u611B\u723E\u862D\u6D77\u6392\u653E\u4E86900\u516C\u65A4\u9340\u3002 2000\u5E74\u540E\uFF0C\u6CD5\u5F8B\u898F\u5B9A\u8A72\u5EE0\u6BCF\u5E74\u53EA\u80FD\u6392\u653E140\u516C\u65A4\u9340\u3002 \u8A72\u5EE0\u7684\u6392\u653E\u5C0E\u81F4\u67D0\u4E9B\u6D77\u7522\u54C1\u542B\u6709\u5FAE\u91CF\u7684\u9340\u3002\u6BD4\u5982\uFF0C\u82F1\u570B\u574E\u5E03\u91CC\u4E9E\u90E1\u897F\u90E8\u6355\u7372\u7684\u6B50\u6D32\u9F8D\u8766\u548C\u9B5A\u542B\u67091 Bq/\u516C\u65A4\u7684\u9340\u3002 \u5373\u4FBF\u5982\u6B64\uFF0C\u6B50\u6D32\u8A31\u591A\u570B\u5BB6\u3001\u4FC4\u7F85\u65AF\u548C\u65E5\u672C\u90FD\u6709\u5546\u696D\u904B\u4F5C\u7684\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u53B0\u3002\u7F8E\u570B\u5728\u5E03\u4EC0\u7E3D\u7D71\u7576\u653F\u6642\uFF0C\u66FE\u6709\u8A08\u5283\u958B\u59CB\u518D\u8655\u7406\u6838\u71C3\u6599\uFF0C\u4F46\u8A72\u8A08\u5283\u5728\u5965\u5DF4\u9A6C\u4E0A\u81FA\u4EE5\u5F8C\u88AB\u64F1\u7F6E\uFF0C\u800C\u662F\u8457\u91CD\u4E8E\u958B\u5C55\u95DC\u65BC\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u7684\u79D1\u5B78\u7814\u7A76\u3002"@zh . . . . . "Wiederaufarbeitung"@de . . . . "Nuclear reprocessing is the chemical separation of fission products and actinides from spent nuclear fuel. Originally, reprocessing was used solely to extract plutonium for producing nuclear weapons. With commercialization of nuclear power, the reprocessed plutonium was recycled back into MOX nuclear fuel for thermal reactors. The reprocessed uranium, also known as the spent fuel material, can in principle also be re-used as fuel, but that is only economical when uranium supply is low and prices are high. A breeder reactor is not restricted to using recycled plutonium and uranium. It can employ all the actinides, closing the nuclear fuel cycle and potentially multiplying the energy extracted from natural uranium by about 60 times. Reprocessing must be highly controlled and carefully executed in advanced facilities by highly specialized personnel. Fuel bundles which arrive at the sites from nuclear power plants (after having cooled down for several years) are completely dissolved in chemical baths, which could pose contamination risks if not properly managed. Relatively high cost is associated with spent fuel reprocessing compared to the once-through fuel cycle, but fuel use can be increased and waste volumes decreased. Nuclear fuel reprocessing is performed routinely in Europe, Russia, and Japan. In the United States, the Obama administration stepped back from President Bush's plans for commercial-scale reprocessing and reverted to a program focused on reprocessing-related scientific research."@en . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u041F\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043A\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044C\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u2014 \u043F\u0440\u043E\u0446\u0435\u0441, \u0437\u0430 \u044F\u043A\u043E\u0433\u043E \u0445\u0456\u043C\u0456\u0447\u043D\u043E\u044E \u043E\u0431\u0440\u043E\u0431\u043A\u043E\u044E \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043F\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044C\u043E\u0432\u0430\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u044F\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043D\u043E\u0433\u043E \u043F\u0430\u043B\u0438\u0432\u0430 (\u0412\u042F\u041F) \u0434\u043E\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0454\u0442\u044C\u0441\u044F \u0443\u0440\u0430\u043D, \u043F\u043B\u0443\u0442\u043E\u043D\u0456\u0439 \u0456 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0456\u043E\u0430\u043A\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043D\u0456 \u0456\u0437\u043E\u0442\u043E\u043F\u0438."@uk . "V jadern\u00FDch elektr\u00E1rn\u00E1ch se nej\u010Dast\u011Bji vyu\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1 palivo na b\u00E1zi uranu s obohacen\u00EDm do 5% 235U. V b\u011B\u017En\u00E9m reaktoru (s elektrick\u00FDm v\u00FDkonem kolem 1000 MW) je p\u0159ibli\u017En\u011B sto tun tohoto paliva a zpravidla po roce \u010Di po roce a p\u016Fl je \u010D\u00E1st tohoto paliva (v z\u00E1vislosti na t\u0159\u00ED-, \u010Dty\u0159- p\u011Bti- nebo \u0161estilet\u00E9m palivov\u00E9m cyklu) vym\u011Bn\u011Bna za nov\u00E9. Ji\u017E pou\u017Eit\u00E9 palivo, kter\u00E9 bylo vyjmuto z reaktoru, je um\u00EDst\u011Bno do baz\u00E9nu skladov\u00E1n\u00ED, kter\u00FD zaji\u0161\u0165uje st\u00EDn\u011Bn\u00ED a odvod v palivu uvol\u0148ovan\u00E9ho zbytkov\u00E9ho tepla. Toto palivo v\u0161ak nen\u00ED odpad, obsahuje toti\u017E asi 1% \u0161t\u011Bpn\u00E9ho 235U a plutonium vznikl\u00E9 z\u00E1chytem neutron\u016F nej\u010Dast\u011Bji na 238U. Tyto prvky je mo\u017En\u00E9 z pou\u017Eit\u00E9ho paliva separovat a d\u00E1le je vyu\u017E\u00EDt pr\u00E1v\u011B pro v\u00FDrobu p\u0159epracovan\u00E9ho jadern\u00E9ho paliva."@cs . . "Pemrosesan ulang nuklir atau Nuclear reprocessing adalah pemisahan kimia produk fisi dan uranium yang tidak terpakai dari bahan bakar nuklir bekas. Awalnya, pemrosesan ulang hanya digunakan untuk mengekstrak plutonium untuk memproduksi senjata nuklir. Dengan komersialisasi tenaga nuklir, plutonium yang diproses ulang didaur ulang kembali menjadi bahan bakar nuklir MOX untuk reaktor termal. , juga dikenal sebagai bahan bakar bekas, bisa pada prinsipnya juga akan digunakan kembali sebagai bahan bakar, tapi itu hanya ekonomis bila volume pasokan uranium rendah dan harga tinggi. Sebuah tidak diijinkan pada penggunaan plutonium dan uranium bekas daur ulang. Ia dapat menggunakan semua aktinida, menutup siklus bahan bakar nuklir dan berpotensi melipatgandakan energi yang diekstraksi dari uranium alam sekitar 60 kali. Pemrosesan ulang harus sangat dikontrol dan dilakukan dengan hati-hati di fasilitas canggih oleh personel yang sangat terspesialisasi. Bundel bahan bakar yang tiba di lokasi dari pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir (setelah didinginkan selama beberapa tahun) benar-benar larut dalam rendaman kimia, yang dapat menimbulkan risiko kontaminasi jika tidak dikelola dengan benar. Dengan demikian, pabrik pemrosesan ulang harus dianggap sebagai situs kimia tingkat lanjut, bukan pabrik nuklir. Biaya yang relatif tinggi terkait dengan pemrosesan ulang bahan bakar bekas dibandingkan dengan siklus bahan bakar sekali pakai, tetapi penggunaan bahan bakar dapat ditingkatkan dan volume limbah berkurang. Pemrosesan ulang bahan bakar nuklir dilakukan secara rutin di Eropa, Rusia dan Jepang. Di Amerika Serikat, pemerintahan Obama mundur dari rencana Presiden Bush untuk pemrosesan ulang skala komersial dan kembali ke program yang berfokus pada penelitian ilmiah terkait pemrosesan ulang. Komponen yang berpotensi berguna yang dibahas dalam pemrosesan ulang nuklir terdiri dari aktinida spesifik (plutonium, uranium, dan beberapa aktinida minor). Komponen elemen ringan meliputi produk fisi, produk aktivasi, dan cladding. Uranium yang diproses ulang atau Reprocessed uranium (RepU) adalah uranium yang diperoleh dari pemrosesan ulang nuklir, seperti yang dilakukan secara komersial di Prancis, Inggris dan Jepang dan oleh program produksi plutonium militer negara - negara senjata nuklir. Uranium ini sebenarnya merupakan bagian terbesar dari material yang dipisahkan selama pemrosesan ulang. Bahan bakar nuklir bekas LWR komersial mengandung rata-rata (tidak termasuk kelongsong) hanya empat persen plutonium, aktinida minor dan produk fisi menurut beratnya. Penggunaan kembali uranium yang diproses ulang belum umum karena harga rendah di pasar uranium selama dekade terakhir, dan karena mengandung isotop uranium yang tidak diinginkan . Mengingat harga uranium yang cukup tinggi, uranium yang telah diproses ulang dapat diperkaya kembali dan digunakan kembali. Tingkat pengayaan yang lebih tinggi diperlukan untuk mengkompensasi 236 U yang lebih ringan dari 238 U dan oleh karena itu terkonsentrasi dalam produk yang diperkaya.Juga, jika reaktor pemulia cepat digunakan secara komersial, uranium yang diproses ulang, seperti uranium bekas, akan dapat digunakan dalam selimut pemuliaan. Ada beberapa penelitian yang melibatkan penggunaan uranium yang diproses ulang dalam reaktor CANDU. CANDU dirancang untuk menggunakan uranium alam sebagai bahan bakar; 235 U konten yang tersisa di menghabiskan bahan bakar PWR / BWR biasanya lebih besar daripada yang ditemukan dalam uranium alam, yaitu sekitar 0,72% 235 U, yang memungkinkan langkah re-pengayaan akan dilewati. Uji siklus bahan bakar juga telah menyertakan siklus bahan bakar DUPIC (Penggunaan Langsung bahan bakar PWR bekas Dalam CANDU), di mana bahan bakar bekas dari Reaktor Air Bertekanan (PWR) dikemas ke dalam bundel bahan bakar CANDU hanya dengan pemrosesan ulang fisik (dipotong-potong) tetapi tidak pemrosesan ulang kimia. Penggunaan langsung uranium yang dipulihkan untuk bahan bakar reaktor CANDU pertama kali ditunjukkan di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir Qinshan di Cina. Penggunaan pertama uranium yang diperkaya ulang dalam LWR komersial adalah pada tahun 1994 di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir Cruas di Prancis."@in . "Le traitement du combustible nucl\u00E9aire us\u00E9 (anciennement retraitement des combustibles us\u00E9s) regroupe plusieurs proc\u00E9d\u00E9s m\u00E9caniques et chimiques de traitement du combustible nucl\u00E9aire apr\u00E8s utilisation en r\u00E9acteur, visant \u00E0 s\u00E9parer des \u00E9l\u00E9ments potentiellement r\u00E9utilisables tels que l'uranium et le plutonium, mais \u00E9galement les \u00AB actinides mineurs \u00BB, des produits de fission contenus dans le combustible nucl\u00E9aire irradi\u00E9. Le traitement du combustible us\u00E9 est l'une des \u00E9tapes du cycle du combustible nucl\u00E9aire."@fr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "1124886928"^^ . . . . . . "\u518D\u51E6\u7406\u5DE5\u5834"@ja . "Nuclear reprocessing"@en . . "El reprocessament nuclear \u00E9s una tecnologia que es va desenvolupar per separar i recuperar qu\u00EDmicament el plutoni fissionable del combustible nuclear irradiat. Tamb\u00E9 separa qualsevol altre element utilitzable de productes de fissi\u00F3 i altres materials existents en el combustible nuclear gastat als reactors nuclears. Normalment, l'objectiu \u00E9s afegir aquests elements en un nou combustible de mescla \u00F2xids (MOX), encara que alguns reprocessament es fan servir per a obtenir plutoni per a armes nuclears (aquest era el prop\u00F2sit en un primer moment). \u00C9s el proc\u00E9s que tanca el cercle en el cicle del combustible nuclear."@ca . . "El reprocesamiento nuclear separa cualquier elemento utilizable (por ejemplo el uranio y el plutonio) de productos de fisi\u00F3n y otros materiales existentes en el combustible nuclear gastado en los reactores nucleares. Normalmente, el objetivo es a\u00F1adir estos elementos en un nuevo combustible de \u00F3xido mezclado (MOX), aunque algunos reprocesamientos se realizan para obtener plutonio para armas. Es el proceso que cierra el c\u00EDrculo en el ciclo del combustible nuclear."@es . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Die Wiederaufarbeitung von Kernbrennstoffen ist ein Teil des Brennstoffkreislaufs in der Kerntechnik. Sie dient der Trennung der in benutzten Brennelementen von Kernreaktoren enthaltenen, w\u00E4hrend des Betriebes entstandenen Stoffe in einerseits wiederverwertbare Anteile (ungenutzte Kernbrennstoffe und diverse Radionuklide) und anderseits hoch-, mittel- und schwachradioaktiven Abfall. Die hierzu eingesetzten chemisch-physikalischen Verfahren dienten urspr\u00FCnglich milit\u00E4rischen Zwecken. So sollte das bombentaugliche Plutonium gewonnen werden, das in der Natur nicht in nutzbarer Menge vorkommt. In Kernreaktoren wird ein Teil des nicht spaltbaren Uran-238 durch Neutroneneinfang in Plutonium-239 umgewandelt. Dieses ist spaltbar, hat eine relativ geringe kritische Masse und kann auf chemischem Wege abgetrennt werden. Eine solche Produktion von Plutonium in den ersten, mit Natururan betriebenen Kernreaktoren der Welt und seine Abtrennung aus deren Brennstoff war daher eine g\u00FCnstige M\u00F6glichkeit zur Gewinnung von bombentauglichem Material. Dagegen war die ausreichende Anreicherung des Isotops 235U bis zur Bombentauglichkeit nach dem damaligen Stand der Technik (Gasdiffusionsverfahren) extrem aufwendig und langwierig, da sich die Isotope eines Elementes chemisch quasi nicht unterscheiden und nur auf physikalischem Wege trennen lassen. Das PUREX-Verfahren, welches aus den 1940er Jahren stammt, ist zwar gro\u00DFtechnisch erprobt und entsprechend optimiert, war jedoch nie f\u00FCr zivile Zwecke gedacht. Versuche, es durch andere Verfahren zu ersetzen, oder wenigstens die Menge und Gef\u00E4hrlichkeit des dabei entstehenden M\u00FClls zu verringern, sind bisher nicht \u00FCber den Status von Versuchen und Prototypen herausgekommen. Im Folgenden wird die Wiederaufarbeitung von abgebranntem Brennstoff aus Leichtwasserreaktoren (LWR) und Schnellen Br\u00FCtern (Br\u00FCten von Plutonium-239 aus Uran-238) mit dem PUREX-Prozess behandelt. F\u00FCr Kernreaktoren, die Uran-233 aus Thorium-232 erbr\u00FCten, wurde der THOREX-Prozess entwickelt. Wenn sowohl LWR als auch Schwerwasserreaktoren (PHWR) verf\u00FCgbar sind, ist in begrenztem Ma\u00DFe auch \u201EDUPIC\u201C (direct utilization of spent pressurized water reactor fuel in CANDU) denkbar, ein Verfahren, bei dem keine Abtrennung von Uran oder Plutonium notwendig ist (gegebenenfalls werden durch Erhitzen die leichtfl\u00FCchtigen Spaltprodukte entfernt), und bei dem ein gewisser Anteil des nach wie vor im Brennelement vorhandenen spaltbaren Materials zur Stromerzeugung genutzt werden kann. Kanada, Indien, Argentinien, China, Pakistan, Rum\u00E4nien und S\u00FCdkorea betreiben Stand 2022 mindestens einen kommerziellen PHWR zur Stromerzeugung. In Indien befinden sich auch weitere PHWR im Bau. S\u00FCdkorea, welches sowohl PHWR als auch LWR betreibt ist einer der Pioniere auf dem Gebiet von DUPIC."@de . . . . "\uD575\uC5F0\uB8CC \uC7AC\uCC98\uB9AC(\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406, \uC601\uC5B4: nuclear reprocessing)\uC740 \uD575\uC5F0\uB8CC\uB97C \uC0AC\uC6A9 \uD6C4 \uC5F0\uB8CC\uC5D0 \uC788\uB294 \uBB3C\uC9C8\uC744 \uBD84\uB9AC\uD558\uB294 \uACFC\uC815\uC774\uB2E4. \uC7AC\uCC98\uB9AC\uB294 \uC5EC\uB7EC \uAC00\uC9C0 \uBAA9\uC801\uC744 \uAC00\uC9C0\uACE0 \uD558\uBA70, \uC2DC\uAE30\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C \uC0C1\uB300\uC801\uC778 \uC911\uC694\uC131\uC774 \uBCC0\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4: \n* \uD575\uBB34\uAE30\uC6A9 \uD50C\uB8E8\uD1A0\uB284 \uC0DD\uC0B0 \n* \uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD55C \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC545\uD2F0\uB2C8\uB4DC \uACC4\uC5F4 \uC6D0\uC18C\uC758 \uC7AC\uD65C\uC6A9, \uB2EB\uD78C \uC5F0\uB8CC\uC8FC\uAE30 \uC774\uC6A9, \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD6C4 \uC5F0\uB8CC\uC5D0\uC11C \uD50C\uB8E8\uD1A0\uB284\uC744 \uCD94\uCD9C\uD558\uC5EC \uCC9C\uC5F0 \uC6B0\uB77C\uB284(U235)\uC758 60\uBC30\uC774\uC0C1\uC758 \uC5F0\uB8CC\uB97C \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD574\uC11C \n* \uCC9C\uC5F0 \uC6B0\uB77C\uB284\uC758 12%\uC774\uC0C1 \uD6A8\uC728\uC774 \uC88B\uC740 \uD50C\uB8E8\uD1A0\uB284\uC744 \uC6D0\uC790\uB85C\uC5D0 \uC9D1\uC5B4\uB123\uAE30 \uC704\uD55C MOX \uC5F0\uB8CC \uC81C\uC791\uACFC \uB354\uBD88\uC5B4 \uD50C\uB8E8\uD1A0\uB284 \uC7AC\uACE0 \uCC98\uB9AC \n* \uBC29\uC0AC\uC131 \uD3D0\uAE30\uBB3C\uC758 \uBD84\uB9AC \uBC0F \uCC98\uB9AC"@ko . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Pemrosesan ulang nuklir atau Nuclear reprocessing adalah pemisahan kimia produk fisi dan uranium yang tidak terpakai dari bahan bakar nuklir bekas. Awalnya, pemrosesan ulang hanya digunakan untuk mengekstrak plutonium untuk memproduksi senjata nuklir. Dengan komersialisasi tenaga nuklir, plutonium yang diproses ulang didaur ulang kembali menjadi bahan bakar nuklir MOX untuk reaktor termal. , juga dikenal sebagai bahan bakar bekas, bisa pada prinsipnya juga akan digunakan kembali sebagai bahan bakar, tapi itu hanya ekonomis bila volume pasokan uranium rendah dan harga tinggi. Sebuah tidak diijinkan pada penggunaan plutonium dan uranium bekas daur ulang. Ia dapat menggunakan semua aktinida, menutup siklus bahan bakar nuklir dan berpotensi melipatgandakan energi yang diekstraksi dari uranium"@in . . . . . . . . . "P\u0159epracovan\u00E9 jadern\u00E9 palivo"@cs . "Upparbetning \u00E4r en process som omvandlar anv\u00E4nt br\u00E4nsle fr\u00E5n k\u00E4rnkraftverk, s\u00E5 att det kan anv\u00E4ndas igen som br\u00E4nsle, exempelvis MOX-br\u00E4nsle, i k\u00E4rnkraftverk eller f\u00F6r att skaffa sig ett mer l\u00E4tthanterligt radioaktivt avfall. Processen \u00E4r en del i k\u00E4rnbr\u00E4nslecykeln och eftersom den kan drivas s\u00E5, att produkten passar f\u00F6r att ladda k\u00E4rnvapen, \u00E4r upparbetning underkastad s\u00E4rskild internationell kontroll."@sv . . . . "Reprocessamento nuclear"@pt . "\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u062A\u0645 \u062A\u0637\u0648\u064A\u0631 \u062A\u0642\u0646\u064A\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064A\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u062A\u0648\u0646\u064A\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062A\u0639\u0627\u062F\u062A\u0647 \u0643\u064A\u0645\u064A\u0627\u0626\u064A\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062F \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064A \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062A\u0647\u0644\u0643."@ar . . . . . . . . . . "O reprocessamento nuclear separa qualquer elemento utiliz\u00E1vel (por exemplo o ur\u00E2nio e o plut\u00F4nio) de produtos de fiss\u00E3o e outros materiais existentes no combust\u00EDvel nuclear gasto nos reatores nucleares. Normalmente, o objetivo \u00E9 adicionar estes elementos em um novo combust\u00EDvel de \u00F3xido mesclado (MOX), ainda que alguns reprocessamentos s\u00E3o realizados para obter plut\u00F4nio para armas nucleares. \u00C9 o processo que fecha o c\u00EDrculo no ciclo do combust\u00EDvel nuclear."@pt . . . . . . . . "V jadern\u00FDch elektr\u00E1rn\u00E1ch se nej\u010Dast\u011Bji vyu\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1 palivo na b\u00E1zi uranu s obohacen\u00EDm do 5% 235U. V b\u011B\u017En\u00E9m reaktoru (s elektrick\u00FDm v\u00FDkonem kolem 1000 MW) je p\u0159ibli\u017En\u011B sto tun tohoto paliva a zpravidla po roce \u010Di po roce a p\u016Fl je \u010D\u00E1st tohoto paliva (v z\u00E1vislosti na t\u0159\u00ED-, \u010Dty\u0159- p\u011Bti- nebo \u0161estilet\u00E9m palivov\u00E9m cyklu) vym\u011Bn\u011Bna za nov\u00E9. Ji\u017E pou\u017Eit\u00E9 palivo, kter\u00E9 bylo vyjmuto z reaktoru, je um\u00EDst\u011Bno do baz\u00E9nu skladov\u00E1n\u00ED, kter\u00FD zaji\u0161\u0165uje st\u00EDn\u011Bn\u00ED a odvod v palivu uvol\u0148ovan\u00E9ho zbytkov\u00E9ho tepla. Toto palivo v\u0161ak nen\u00ED odpad, obsahuje toti\u017E asi 1% \u0161t\u011Bpn\u00E9ho 235U a plutonium vznikl\u00E9 z\u00E1chytem neutron\u016F nej\u010Dast\u011Bji na 238U. Tyto prvky je mo\u017En\u00E9 z pou\u017Eit\u00E9ho paliva separovat a d\u00E1le je vyu\u017E\u00EDt pr\u00E1v\u011B pro v\u00FDrobu p\u0159epracovan\u00E9ho jadern\u00E9ho paliva."@cs . "\uD575\uC5F0\uB8CC \uC7AC\uCC98\uB9AC(\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406, \uC601\uC5B4: nuclear reprocessing)\uC740 \uD575\uC5F0\uB8CC\uB97C \uC0AC\uC6A9 \uD6C4 \uC5F0\uB8CC\uC5D0 \uC788\uB294 \uBB3C\uC9C8\uC744 \uBD84\uB9AC\uD558\uB294 \uACFC\uC815\uC774\uB2E4. \uC7AC\uCC98\uB9AC\uB294 \uC5EC\uB7EC \uAC00\uC9C0 \uBAA9\uC801\uC744 \uAC00\uC9C0\uACE0 \uD558\uBA70, \uC2DC\uAE30\uC5D0 \uB530\uB77C \uC0C1\uB300\uC801\uC778 \uC911\uC694\uC131\uC774 \uBCC0\uD558\uACE0 \uC788\uB2E4: \n* \uD575\uBB34\uAE30\uC6A9 \uD50C\uB8E8\uD1A0\uB284 \uC0DD\uC0B0 \n* \uC5D0\uC11C \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD55C \uBAA8\uB4E0 \uC545\uD2F0\uB2C8\uB4DC \uACC4\uC5F4 \uC6D0\uC18C\uC758 \uC7AC\uD65C\uC6A9, \uB2EB\uD78C \uC5F0\uB8CC\uC8FC\uAE30 \uC774\uC6A9, \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD6C4 \uC5F0\uB8CC\uC5D0\uC11C \uD50C\uB8E8\uD1A0\uB284\uC744 \uCD94\uCD9C\uD558\uC5EC \uCC9C\uC5F0 \uC6B0\uB77C\uB284(U235)\uC758 60\uBC30\uC774\uC0C1\uC758 \uC5F0\uB8CC\uB97C \uC0AC\uC6A9\uD558\uAE30 \uC704\uD574\uC11C \n* \uCC9C\uC5F0 \uC6B0\uB77C\uB284\uC758 12%\uC774\uC0C1 \uD6A8\uC728\uC774 \uC88B\uC740 \uD50C\uB8E8\uD1A0\uB284\uC744 \uC6D0\uC790\uB85C\uC5D0 \uC9D1\uC5B4\uB123\uAE30 \uC704\uD55C MOX \uC5F0\uB8CC \uC81C\uC791\uACFC \uB354\uBD88\uC5B4 \uD50C\uB8E8\uD1A0\uB284 \uC7AC\uACE0 \uCC98\uB9AC \n* \uBC29\uC0AC\uC131 \uD3D0\uAE30\uBB3C\uC758 \uBD84\uB9AC \uBC0F \uCC98\uB9AC"@ko . . "Per riprocessamento si intendono i processi chimici che consentono la separazione del combustibile nucleare nelle sue principali componenti: uranio, plutonio ed attinidi minori con i prodotti di fissione. Questo processo permette di recuperare nuovo combustibile fissile e quindi avere una resa energetica maggiore dalla stessa quantit\u00E0 di uranio naturale estratto originariamente dalla miniera. Il combustibile esausto scaricato dai reattori contiene quantit\u00E0 apprezzabili di materiali fissili (U-235 e Pu-239), fertili (U-238), e altri materiali radioattivi, inclusi i veleni neutronici che rappresentano il motivo per cui si rende necessaria la rimozione del combustibile. Questi materiali fissili e quelli fertili possono essere separati chimicamente e recuperati dal combustibile esausto. L'uranio e il plutonio recuperati, se le condizioni economiche e istituzionali lo permettono, possono esseri riciclati per l'utilizzo come combustibile nucleare. Francia e Giappone sono tra le nazioni che attuano il riprocessamento, mentre gli Stati Uniti sono contrari a questa opzione temendo la proliferazione nucleare. Il combustibile MOX \u00E8 una miscela di uranio e plutonio riciclati e uranio impoverito che si comporta in modo simile, sebbene non identicamente, all'uranio arricchito per il quale la maggior parte dei reattori nucleari sono stati progettati. Il combustibile MOX \u00E8 una alternativa all'uranio a basso arricchimento (LEU) utilizzato nei reattori ad acqua leggera che sono tra i predominanti nella generazione di energia nucleare. Il riprocessamento per il recupero dell'uranio \u00E8 economicamente vantaggioso quando i prezzi dell'uranio sono elevati. Il riprocessamento del combustibile riduce inoltre il volume dei rifiuti nucleari e la loro radiotossicit\u00E0, consentendo la gestione separata dei componenti degli stessi rifiuti. Di contro, tra gli aspetti pi\u00F9 critici figura il rischio del potenziale utilizzo del plutonio ricavato dal riprocessamento per destinazioni inerenti alla fabbricazione di bombe sporche o armi nucleari. Il processo tecnologico maggiormente in uso per il riprocessamento del combustibile nucleare esausto \u00E8 rappresentato dal PUREX, che consiste essenzialmente in una estrazione liquido-liquido."@it . "197845"^^ . . . "\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062F\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062C\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064A\u0629"@ar . . . . . "O reprocessamento nuclear separa qualquer elemento utiliz\u00E1vel (por exemplo o ur\u00E2nio e o plut\u00F4nio) de produtos de fiss\u00E3o e outros materiais existentes no combust\u00EDvel nuclear gasto nos reatores nucleares. Normalmente, o objetivo \u00E9 adicionar estes elementos em um novo combust\u00EDvel de \u00F3xido mesclado (MOX), ainda que alguns reprocessamentos s\u00E3o realizados para obter plut\u00F4nio para armas nucleares. \u00C9 o processo que fecha o c\u00EDrculo no ciclo do combust\u00EDvel nuclear."@pt . . . . . "El reprocessament nuclear \u00E9s una tecnologia que es va desenvolupar per separar i recuperar qu\u00EDmicament el plutoni fissionable del combustible nuclear irradiat. Tamb\u00E9 separa qualsevol altre element utilitzable de productes de fissi\u00F3 i altres materials existents en el combustible nuclear gastat als reactors nuclears. Normalment, l'objectiu \u00E9s afegir aquests elements en un nou combustible de mescla \u00F2xids (MOX), encara que alguns reprocessament es fan servir per a obtenir plutoni per a armes nuclears (aquest era el prop\u00F2sit en un primer moment). \u00C9s el proc\u00E9s que tanca el cercle en el cicle del combustible nuclear. L', que constitueix el gruix del combustible que es gasta, en principi es pot reutilitzar com a combustible, per\u00F2 aix\u00F2 nom\u00E9s \u00E9s econ\u00F2micament possible quan els preus de l'urani s\u00F3n alts. El reprocessament nuclear redueix el volum del residus radioactius per\u00F2 no en redueix la radioactivitat o la generaci\u00F3 de calor i,per tant, no elimina la necessitat de l'emmagatzematge geol\u00F2gic. El reprocessament ha estat pol\u00EDticament controvertit, ja que contribueix a la proliferaci\u00F3 nuclear, la vulnerabilitat al , els reptes pol\u00EDtics d'escollir el lloc on fer-ho i pel seu alt cost comparat amb el cicle \u00FAnic de combustible."@ca . . . . . . . . . . . . . "Upparbetning \u00E4r en process som omvandlar anv\u00E4nt br\u00E4nsle fr\u00E5n k\u00E4rnkraftverk, s\u00E5 att det kan anv\u00E4ndas igen som br\u00E4nsle, exempelvis MOX-br\u00E4nsle, i k\u00E4rnkraftverk eller f\u00F6r att skaffa sig ett mer l\u00E4tthanterligt radioaktivt avfall. Processen \u00E4r en del i k\u00E4rnbr\u00E4nslecykeln och eftersom den kan drivas s\u00E5, att produkten passar f\u00F6r att ladda k\u00E4rnvapen, \u00E4r upparbetning underkastad s\u00E4rskild internationell kontroll."@sv . . . . . . "\u518D\u51E6\u7406\u5DE5\u5834\uFF08\u3055\u3044\u3057\u3087\u308A\u3053\u3046\u3058\u3087\u3046\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u539F\u5B50\u7089\u304B\u3089\u51FA\u305F\u4F7F\u7528\u6E08\u307F\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u306E\u4E2D\u304B\u3089\u4F7F\u7528\u53EF\u80FD\u306A\u30A6\u30E9\u30F3\u3001\u30D7\u30EB\u30C8\u30CB\u30A6\u30E0\u3092\u53D6\u308A\u51FA\u3059\u65BD\u8A2D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u6838\u71C3\u6599\u30B5\u30A4\u30AF\u30EB\u306E\u4E2D\u3067\u4F7F\u7528\u6E08\u71C3\u6599\u3092\u518D\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308B\u653F\u7B56\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u306F\u3001\u8981\u3068\u306A\u308B\u65BD\u8A2D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "\u518D\u51E6\u7406\u5DE5\u5834\uFF08\u3055\u3044\u3057\u3087\u308A\u3053\u3046\u3058\u3087\u3046\uFF09\u3068\u306F\u3001\u539F\u5B50\u7089\u304B\u3089\u51FA\u305F\u4F7F\u7528\u6E08\u307F\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u306E\u4E2D\u304B\u3089\u4F7F\u7528\u53EF\u80FD\u306A\u30A6\u30E9\u30F3\u3001\u30D7\u30EB\u30C8\u30CB\u30A6\u30E0\u3092\u53D6\u308A\u51FA\u3059\u65BD\u8A2D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002 \u6838\u71C3\u6599\u30B5\u30A4\u30AF\u30EB\u306E\u4E2D\u3067\u4F7F\u7528\u6E08\u71C3\u6599\u3092\u518D\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308B\u653F\u7B56\u306B\u304A\u3044\u3066\u306F\u3001\u8981\u3068\u306A\u308B\u65BD\u8A2D\u3067\u3042\u308B\u3002"@ja . . . . . . "Die Wiederaufarbeitung von Kernbrennstoffen ist ein Teil des Brennstoffkreislaufs in der Kerntechnik. Sie dient der Trennung der in benutzten Brennelementen von Kernreaktoren enthaltenen, w\u00E4hrend des Betriebes entstandenen Stoffe in einerseits wiederverwertbare Anteile (ungenutzte Kernbrennstoffe und diverse Radionuklide) und anderseits hoch-, mittel- und schwachradioaktiven Abfall."@de . . . . . . "\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u6280\u8853\u539F\u6307\u7528\u5316\u5B78\u5206\u96E2\u548C\u7D14\u5316\u7684\u65B9\u6CD5\u5F9E\u7D93\u904E\u8F3B\u7167\u7684\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u4E2D\u5206\u96E2\u53EF\u88C2\u8B8A\u7684\u9208\u540C\u4F4D\u7D20\u3002 \u4F46\u73FE\u4EE3\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u5DF2\u4E0D\u50C5\u50C5\u8457\u91CD\u4E8E\u56DE\u6536\u9208\uFF0C\u9084\u53EF\u4EE5\u5206\u96E2\u5176\u5B83\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5143\u7D20\uFF0C\u6BD4\u5982\u923E\u3001\u751A\u81F3\u8CB4\u91D1\u5C6C\u3002 \u518D\u8655\u7406\u6280\u8853\u6709\u591A\u91CD\u76EE\u7684\uFF0C\u5176\u91CD\u8981\u6027\u96A8\u8457\u6642\u4EE3\u8B8A\u5316\u800C\u8D77\u4F0F\u3002\u8D77\u521D\uFF0C\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u518D\u8655\u7406\u7684\u552F\u4E00\u76EE\u7684\u662F\u5206\u96E2\u53EF\u4EE5\u7528\u4E8E\u88FD\u9020\u539F\u5B50\u5F48\u7684\u9208\u3002\u96A8\u8457\u6838\u96FB\u7AD9\u7684\u666E\u53CA\uFF0C\u4E4F\u71C3\u6599\u8D8A\u4F86\u8D8A\u591A\uFF0C\u65BC\u662F\u9208\u88AB\u4F5C\u70BA\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u7528\u65BC\u71B1\u4E2D\u5B50\u5806\u3002\u542B\u6709\u9208\u7684\u6DF7\u5408\u6C27\u5316\u7269\u6838\u71C3\u6599\u80FD\u5920\u7522\u751F\u66F4\u591A\u7684\u96FB\u529B\uFF0C\u540C\u6642\u9084\u80FD\u5920\u6D88\u8017\u4E00\u90E8\u5206\u9208\u3002 \u5360\u4E4F\u71C3\u6599\u7D55\u5927\u90E8\u5206\u7684\u518D\u8655\u7406\u923E\u53EF\u4EE5\u7528\u65BC\u5FEB\u4E2D\u5B50\u589E\u6B96\u53CD\u61C9\u5806\u3002\u7406\u8AD6\u4E0A\uFF0C\u5FEB\u4E2D\u5B50\u5806\u9084\u53EF\u4EE5\u71C3\u71D2\u9312\u7CFB\u5143\u7D20\u3002\u4F46\u662F\u5728\u923E\u4EF7\u4F4E\u5EC9\u7684\u6642\u4EE3\uFF0C\u5FEB\u4E2D\u5B50\u5806\u5546\u696D\u5316\u9762\u81E8\u5F88\u591A\u56F0\u96E3\u3002"@zh . . . .